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If there are classes of OTC medications or specific drugs you believe
should be included, please let me know. I'll be glad to expand the
listing. The research service provides general information, not
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According to the AAFP (American Academy of Family Physicians), the
most popular over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are pain relievers, cold and
cough medications, antihistamines, antacids, and laxatives.
Pain Relievers
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Aspirin
Found in: Acuprin 81, Bayer Aspirin, Bufferin, Easprin, Ecotrin,
Empirin, Halfprin, Norwich Aspirin, St. Joseph Aspirin, Zorprin
Side effects: Heartburn, nausea and/or vomiting, possible involvement
in formation of stomach ulcers and bleeding, small amounts of blood in
stool, stomach pain, stomach upset, decreased hearing or ringing in
the ears, seizures, dizziness, confusion, or hallucinations,
drowsiness, headache, allergic reaction (difficulty breathing, closing
of the throat, swelling of lips, tongue, or face, or hives)
Acetaminophen
Found in: Anacin-3 Maximum Strength, Childrens Tylenol, Tylenol,
Tylenol Caplet, Tylenol Caplet Extra Strength, Tylenol Extended
Release, Tylenol Extra Strength, Tylenol Gelcap Extra Strength,
Tylenol Suspension
Side effects: Rare allergic reaction (difficulty breathing, closing of
the throat, swelling of lips, tongue, or face, or hives), liver damage
(yellowing of the skin or eyes, nausea, abdominal pain or discomfort,
unusual bleeding or bruising, severe fatigue), blood problems (easy or
unusual bleeding or bruising), ringing of the ears.
Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Ibuprofen
Found in: Advil, Genpril, Haltran, Ibu, Ibu-Tab, Midol IB, Motrin,
Nuprin, Pediacare Fever, Rufen, Saleto-200, Saleto-400, Saleto-600,
Saleto-800
More Common Side effects: Abdominal cramps or pain, abdominal
discomfort, bloating and gas, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, fluid
retention and swelling, headache, heartburn, indigestion, itching,
loss of appetite, nausea, nervousness, rash, ringing in ears, stomach
pain, vomiting.
Less Common Side effects: Abdominal bleeding, anemia, black stool,
blood in urine, blurred vision, changes in heartbeat, chills,
confusion, congestive heart failure, depression, dry eyes and mouth,
emotional volatility, fever, hair loss, hearing loss, hepatitis, high
or low blood pressure, hives, inability to sleep, inflammation of
nose, inflammation of the pancreas or stomach, kidney or liver
failure, severe allergic reactions, shortness of breath, skin
eruptions or peeling, sleepiness, stomach or upper intestinal ulcer,
ulcer of gums, vision loss, vomiting blood, wheezing, yellow eyes and
skin.
Naproxen
Found in: Aleve, Naprosyn
Generic Name: Naproxen sodium
More Common Side effects: Abdominal pain, bruising, constipation,
diarrhea, difficult or labored breathing, dizziness, drowsiness,
headache, hearing disturbances, heartburn, indigestion, inflammation
of the mouth, itching, light-headedness, nausea, rapid, fluttery
heartbeat, red or purple spots on the skin, ringing in the ears, skin
eruptions, sweating, swelling due to fluid retention, thirst, vertigo,
vision changes.
Less Common Side Effects: Abdominal bleeding, black stools, blood in
the urine, change in dream patterns, chills and fever, colitis
(inflammation of the large intestine), congestive heart failure,
depression, general feeling of illness, hair loss, inability to
concentrate, inability to sleep, inflammation of the lungs, kidney
disease or failure, menstrual problems, muscle weakness and/or pain,
peptic ulcer, severe allergic reactions, skin inflammation due to
sensitivity to light, skin rashes, vomiting, vomiting blood, yellow
skin and eyes.
Cough and Cold Medications
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Pseudoephedrine
Found in: Afrinol, Cenafed, Chlor Trimeton Nasal Decongestant,
Decofed, Dimetapp Decongestant, Drixoral Non-Drowsy, Efidac, Genaphed,
Pediacare Drops, Ridafed, Sudafed, Sudrine, Suphedrin, Triaminic A.M.
Side effects: Dizziness, lightheadedness, or drowsiness, headache,
insomnia, anxiety, tremor or restlessness, nausea or vomiting,
sweating, rapid or irregular heartbeat, hallucinations, allergic
reaction (difficulty breathing, closing of the throat, swelling of
lips, tongue, or face, or hives).
Dextromethorphan
Found in: Benylin, Delsym, Hold DM, Pertussin CS Childrens, Pertussin
ES, Robitussin Cough Calmers, Robitussin Maximum Strength, Robitussin
Pediatric Cough Suppressant, Scot-Tussin Diabetic, Scot-Tussin DM
Cough Chasers, St. Joseph Cough Suppressant, Tussin Pediatric, Vicks
44 Cough Medicine, Vicks Formula 44
Side effects: nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, and difficulty breathing,
allergic reaction.
Oxymetazoline nasal
Found in: Afrin, Afrin Nasal Sinus, Allerest 12 Hour Nasal Spray,
Duramist Plus, Duration, Four-Way Nasal Spray, Genasal, Neo-Synephrine
12 Hour, Nostrilla, NRS Nasal, NTZ Long Acting Nasal, Oxyfrin,
Oxymeta-12, Sinarest Nasal, Sinex Long-Acting, Twice-A-Day
Side effects: rapid or irregular heartbeat, hallucinations, allergic
reaction, sneezing or burning, stinging, dryness or irritation of the
nose.
Guaifenesin
Found in: Anti-Tuss, Bidex, Breonesin, Duratuss G, Fenesin, Ganidin
NR, GG 200 NR, Guaifenesin LA, Guaifenex G, Guaifenex LA, Humibid
L.A., Humibid Pediatric, Liquibid, Muco-Fen 1200, Muco-Fen 800,
Muco-Fen LA, Naldecon-EX Senior, Organidin NR, Pneumomist, Q-Bid LA,
Robitussin, Scot-Tussin, Touro EX
More Common Side effects: Nausea and vomiting
Less Common Side effects: dizziness or headache, rash, allergic
reaction.
Antihistamines
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Brompheniramine
Found in: Dimetane, Dimetane Extentab, Dimetapp Allergy, Dimetapp
Allergy Liquigel
Side effects: sleepiness, fatigue, dizziness, headache, dry mouth,
difficulty with urination, enlarged prostate, allergic reaction.
Chlorpheniramine
Found in:Aller-Chlor, C.P.M., Chlo-Amine, Chlor-Al Rel, Chlor-Mal,
Chlor-Phen, Chlor-Phenit, Chlor-Trimeton, Chlorphen, Efidac-24
Chlorpheniramine, Ridramin
Side effects: sleepiness, fatigue, dizziness, headache, dry mouth,
difficulty with urination, enlarged prostate, allergic reaction.
Clemastine
Found in: Allerhist-1, Contac 12 Hour Allergy, Tavist, Tavist-1
Side effects: sleepiness, fatigue, dizziness, headache, dry mouth,
difficulty with urination, enlarged prostate, allergic reaction.
Diphenhydramine
Found in: 40 Winks, Aler-Dryl, Banophen, Benadryl, Calm-Aid, Compoz
Nighttime Sleep Aid, Diphedryl, Diphen, Genahist, Hydramine, Nu-Med,
Nytol Caplet, Quenalin, Scot-Tussin Allergy Relief Formula, Sleep,
Sleepinal, Sominex, Twilite, Unisom Sleepgels Maximum Strength
Side effects: sleepiness, fatigue, dizziness, headache, dry mouth,
difficulty with urination, enlarged prostate, allergic reaction.
Laxatives
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Psyllium
Found in: Alramucil, Cilium, Fiber Eze, Fiberall, Genfiber, Hydrocil,
Konsyl, Konsyl for Kids, Konsyl-D, Konsyl-Orange, Maalox Daily Fiber
Therapy, Metamucil, Modane Bulk, Perdiem Fiber, Reguloid, Serutan,
Syllact, V-Lax
Side effects: Allergic reactions, chest pain, difficulty in
swallowing, rectal bleeding, severe abdominal pain, nausea or
vomiting.
Senna
Found in: Black Draught, Dosaflex, Dr Caldwell Laxative, Ex-Lax
Chocolated, Ex-Lax Gentle Nature, Ex-Lax Maximum Relief Formula,
Ex-Lax Regular Strength Pills, Fletchers Castoria, Gentlax,
Innerclean, Sennalax, Senokot, Senokot Child, Senokotxtra, Senolax, X
Prep.
Side effects: Allergic reaction, chronic diarrhea causing excessive
electrolyte and nutrient loss, worsened constipation (dependency),
enlargement of the ends of the fingers and toes, pigmentation of the
colon, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, or discoloration of the urine.
Antacids
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Famotidine
Found in: Mylanta AR, Pepcid, Pepcid AC, Pepcid RPD
Most Common Side effect: headache,
Less Common or Rare Side effects: Abdominal discomfort, acne,
agitation, altered taste, anxiety, breast development in males,
changes in behavior, confusion, constipation, decreased sex drive,
depression, diarrhea, difficulty sleeping, dizziness, dry mouth, dry
skin, facial swelling due to fluid retention, fatigue, fever,
flushing, grand mal seizures, hair loss, hallucinations, hives,
impotence, irregular heartbeat, itching, loss of appetite, muscle,
bone, or joint pain, nausea, pounding heartbeat, prickling, tingling,
or pins and needles, rash, ringing in ears, severe allergic reaction,
sleepiness, vomiting, weakness, wheezing, yellow eyes and skin.
Cimetidine
Found in: Tagamet, Tagamet HB
More Common Side effects: Breast development in men, headache
Less Common Side Effects--agitation, anxiety, confusion, depression,
disorientation, and hallucinations--may appear in severely ill
individuals who have been treated for 1 month or longer. However,
these reactions are not permanent and have cleared up within 3 to 4
days of discontinuation of the drug.
Rare Side effects: Allergic reactions, anemia, blood disorders,
diarrhea, dizziness, fever, hair loss, impotence, inability to
urinate, joint pain, kidney disorders, liver disorders, mild rash,
muscle pain, pancreas inflammation, rapid heartbeat, skin inflammation
or peeling, sleepiness, slow heart beat
Ranitidine
Found in: Zantac, Zantac 150, Zantac 300, Zantac 300 GELdose, Zantac
75, Zantac EFFERdose, Zantac GELdose.
Most Common Side Effect: headache, sometimes severe.
Less Common and Rare Side effects: Abdominal discomfort and pain,
agitation, changes in blood count (anemia), changes in liver function,
constipation, depression, diarrhea, difficulty sleeping, dizziness,
hair loss, hallucinations, heart block, hepatitis, hypersensitivity
reactions, inflamed blood vessels, inflammation of the pancreas,
involuntary movements, irregular heartbeat, jaundice (yellowing of
eyes and skin), joint pain, muscle pain, nausea and vomiting, rapid
heartbeat, rash, reduced white blood cells, reversible mental
confusion, severe allergic reactions, sleepiness, slow heartbeat,
swollen face and throat, vague feeling of bodily discomfort, vertigo,
yellow eyes and skin.
Nizatidine
Found in: Axid AR, Axid Pulvules
More Common Side effects: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, gas,
headache, indigestion, inflammation of the nose, nausea, pain, sore
throat, vomiting, weakness.
Less Common Side effects: Abnormal dreams, anxiety, back pain, chest
pain, constipation, dimmed vision, dry mouth, fever, inability to
sleep, increased cough, infection, itching, loss of appetite, muscle
pain, nervousness, rash, sleepiness, stomach/intestinal problems,
tooth problems
Simethicone
Found in: Equalize Gas Relief Drops, Flatulex Drops, Gas-X, Genasyme,
Little Tummys, Maalox Anti-Gas, Micon-80, Mylanta Gas, Mylicon, Mytab
Gas, Phazyme
No side effects are known to be associated with the use of
simethicone.
Calcium carbonate
Found in: Alka-Mints, Alkets, Alkums, Amilac, Amitone, Cal Oys,
Cal-Gest, Calcarb, Calci Mix, Calci-Chew, Calcitab, Caltrate, Caltro,
Chooz, Dicarbosil, Equilet, Mylanta Child, Nephro Calci, OsCal 500,
Oysco 500, Oyst Cal, Oyst Cal 500, Oyster Cal 500, Oyster Calcium,
Oyster Shell, Oyster Shell Calcium 500, Rolaids Sodium Free, Super
Calcium, Titralac, Tums, Tums 500, Tums E-X, Tums Ultra
Side effects: Allergic reaction, nausea or vomiting, decreased
appetite, constipation, dry mouth or increased thirst, increased
urination.
Weight Loss
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Phenylpropanolamine
Found in: Acutrim 16 Hour, Acutrim II, Maximum Strength, Acutrim Late
Day, Control, Dexatrim, Empro, Mega-Trim, Phenyldrine, Propagest,
Propan, Rhindecon, Westrim, Westrim LA
Side effects: Dizziness, lightheadedness, or drowsiness, headache,
insomnia, anxiety, tremor or restlessness, nausea or vomiting,
sweating, rapid or irregular heartbeat, hallucinations, allergic
reaction (difficulty breathing, closing of the throat, swelling of
lips, tongue, or face, or hives).
OTC Drug Side Effect Sources
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PDR (Physician's Desk Reference)
Online: http://www.pdr.net (Membership required)
Consumer Version: http://www.gettingwell.com/drug_info/
Discovery Channel Health Channel
Drug Reference Center
http://health.discovery.com/encyclopedias/reference/reference.html
AAFP (American Academy of Family Physicians)
FamilyDoctor.org
Types of OTC Medicines and How They Work
http://familydoctor.org/otc/
Drug Information at FamilyDoctor.org
http://www.familydoctor.org/cgi-bin/multum.pl
Should you have any questions about the materials or links provided,
please, feel free to ask. I'll be happy to provide assistance, as
needed.
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