Thank you for asking this question.
The answer is A.
The classification system that is most commonly used to quantify the
degree of functional limitation imposed by heart failure is one first
developed by the New York Heart Association (NYHA). This system
assigns patients to one of four functional classes, depending on the
degree of effort needed to elicit symptoms:
Class I - symptoms of heart failure only at levels that would limit
normal individuals
Class II - symptoms of heart failure with ordinary exertion
Class III - symptoms of heart failure on less than ordinary exertion
Class IV - symptoms of heart failure at rest
The NYHA Classification does not take people who have undergone
coronary artery bypass procedures or coronary angioplasty into
account. It is purely a symptom-based classification.
Source:
Loh, E. Evaluation of patients with suspected heart failure. In:
UpToDate, Rose, BD (Ed), UpToDate, Wellesley, MA, 2002.
Other resources:
ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Heart
Failure in the Adult
http://www.acc.org/clinical/guidelines/failure/III_assessment.htm#III_B1
Search strategy:
No internet search engine was used in this answer. All sources are
from physician-written and peer-reviewed sources.
Please contact me if you need further clarification or more detail.
Thanks,
Kevin, M.D. |