A mouse cancer model that allows us to examine the development of
cancer is (there may be more than one):
a. tumor xenograft
b. orthotopic tumor implantation
c. experimental tumor metastatic model
d. spontaneous mouse tumor model

All four are examples of systems which can be used to study various
stages in the development of cancer from initiation to end-stage
disease.

Examples:

1. Bone Metastasis Model to study development of end-stage prostate
cancer "Dr. Cher's model is the SCID-hu model of human prostate cancer
metastasis to bone. In this model, macroscopic fragments of human
fetal bone, lung, or intestine (14-23 weeks gestation), or mouse bone,
are implanted into SCID mice. Four weeks later, human prostate cancer
cell lines (PC3, DU145, or LNCaP cells) are injected either
intravenously (colonization assay), or directly into the implanted
tissue fragments (end organ growth assay). Following intravenous
injection, circulating PC3 cells successfully colonize implanted human
bone fragments.

2. Orthotopic Model "Dr. Hillman has developed an orthotopic model for
prostate cancer by injecting PC-3 cells into the prostate of
immunodeficient Balb/c nude mice. The tumor cells form a primary tumor
with extensive metastasis to regional para-aortic lymph nodes. Serial
in vitro and in vivo passages of PC3 cells have resulted in new cell
lines PC-3/PI (PI, prostate implanted) that are highly tumorigenic and
result in the formation of rapidly growing prostate tumors and
metastases to lymph nodes. The medial survival time of these mice is
44 days."

1 and 2 described at 
http://www.karmanos.org/we/research/prostate/model.html web site of
the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute

3. Xenograft "We complement the transgenic work with experiments in
which we genetically modify cell lines representing different stages
of the tumorigenic process, and then assess tumorigenicity in a nude
mouse xenograft system."
http://ccr.cancer.gov/Staff/Staff.asp?StaffID=569 Web site of National
Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research

4. Spontaneous mouse tumor model: "Researchers have genetically
engineered cancer-prone mice that carry cells that switch on a
cancer-causing gene spontaneously, generating lung and other cancers
much like humans do. The scientists believe that the technique for
generating the mice will be widely applicable and may be used to model
many kinds of human cancers in mice."
http://www.hhmi.org/news/jacks2.html Web site of Howard Hughes Medical
Institute

Search strategy: mouse "cancer model" - combined with: xenograft,
metastasis, spontaneous (the metastasis search found the orthoptic
model as well)