Hello--
I've spent significant time researching this issue.
A report in the Journal of the American Medical Association lists some
of the statistics you're looking for. A lot the odds depend on whether
your partner is high risk for having AIDS or whether your partner has
been diagnosed with AIDS. (Keep in mind that the below odds are said
to be equal for men and women.)
1) The odds of catching it if your partner has HIV/Man to woman HIV.
It states that a heterosexual who has one incident of penile-vaginal
sexual intercourse with someone in a non-high-risk group (that is
someone who has not had sex with someone of the same sex, with someone
who practices safe sex, or who isn't particularly sexually active) has
1 in 5 million odds of becoming infected with the virus that causes
AIDS if you don't use a condom. With a condom the odds are 1 in 50
million.
But the odds are much worse if you have sexual intercourse with
someone who's "high risk" (i.e. a gay or bisexual male, or a
hemophiliac). The odds of contracting AIDS if you have sex with
someone in this high risk group are 1 in 10,000 if you use a condom
and 1 in 1,000 if you don't use a condom.
If your heterosexual partner is HIV-positive, you have a much greater
chance of contracting AIDS after having sex. If you have sex with a
condom, the odds of your infection are 1 in 5,000. If you don't use a
condom, your odds are 1 in 500 of contracting the virus. Your odds
increase, depending on how frequently you have sex with your partner.
If you have sex with someone who's HIV positive 500 times using
condoms, your chances are 1 in 11 of contracting the virus. If you
don't use a condom for 500 times having sexual intercourse, your odds
are 2 in 3.
One report stated, "The transmission female to male is so small that
its only theoretical, unlike the measurable male to female long term
risk of repeated expose to the same man discussed above."
Best means of safely continuing the activity: Use at least one condom
at all times.
The transmission odds of the virus that causes AIDS is slight if it's
being transmitted female-to-male. I found this report, "Another study
[2] (which has not been universally accepted, but anyway) specifically
looked at female-to-male transmission rates, and found surprisingly
high rates: 3.1% per boff, with a worst-case scenario of 7.5%
infection-per-boff. Note that this is Asian, and there is evidence
that in Asia and Africa the virus is more readily spread through
heterosexual sex than in North America (debated)."
You may look at this site at
http://www.aids.wustl.edu/aids/femmal.html
Another report states, "The epidemiologists now believe the key factor
in transmission may be damage to the protective barrier of the skin or
genital tissues. Such damage allows blood cells containing the AIDS
virus to pass from one person to another. The body's protective
barriers may be damaged from trauma during sexual intercourse or from
venereal diseases which cause ulcers, such as herpes, syphilis or
chancroid.
Individuals with venereal diseases such as gonorrhea also produce
large amounts of infection-fighting white blood cells in their genital
organs. The AIDS virus grows and concentrates in such cells. This may
explain why people with untreated venereal diseases appear more likely
to transmit AIDS than infected individuals who do not have additional
illnesses." http://www.aegis.com/news/lt/1986/LT860702.html
And another: "The efficiency of male-to-female infection of HIV (the
virus that causes AIDS) is more than two times higher than that of
female-to-male infection."
http://www.womens-health.org/0javascripts/dropinnav.htm?/health/hivaids.htm
http://www.indiaparenting.com/articles/data/art01_004a.shtml This site
has a chart listing risk percentages that you might find useful.
Fellatio: The risk is quite small for the man during fellatio. There
is a 0 percent chance the man will acquire HIV from a woman performing
fellatio on a man, as long as the man has no cuts, open wounds, or
sores on his penis that could allow saliva to enter his body. If there
are open wounds, cuts, or sores on the man's penis, there is a slight
risk. (Exact odds aren't known). Of course, wearing a condom can make
these risks even more slight.
Here's a site you may want to check out:
http://www.caps.ucsf.edu/hotstudy/HOTLinks.html
2) Catching HIV with an open sore
You cannot get AIDS from kissing someone. The Surgeon General's Report
on AIDS indicates there are no reported cases of
HIV transmission from saliva.
* Fellatio and cunnilingus
One study I found looked at this issue. It studied 110 women whose
only potential exposure to AIDS was unprotected fellacio (without a
condom). The report states, "Of these women, 96 performed fellatio
without a condom, which gave an estimated total of 8.965 unprotected
fellatios, of which 3,060 (34 percent) were with ejaculation in the
oral cavity. Ninety-eight infected men carried out unprotected
cunnilingus on the uninfected woman with an estimate of 8.656
practices of this type. Among the HIV-infected members of the couples,
8.1 percent
had been diagnosed with AIDS and 15.6 percent had a CD4 cell count
lower than 200 x 106/l. For 60 individuals an HIV-1-RNA quantification
was available, and six of them presented with greater than 10,000
copies/ml. Of the 135 initially infected
partners, 39 percent received antiretroviral therapy during the
follow-up. The authors reported registering 210 person-years of
follow-up with participants."
You can read that entire report at
http://www.mihivnews.com/r-prevention_05-07.htm
The information I've found shows that performing oral sex on a woman
and obtaining HIV from that is "highly unlikely." However, the report
states, "If a woman has an STD, however, the risk is greater since she
has lots of white blood cells from the STD sore fighting the
infection. These white cells certainly carry HIV if she is HIV
infected." The report found that it's possible the man could be
infected, providing he has open sores on his mouth. If there are no
such sores, it's virtually impossible for AIDS to be transferred. The
AIDS virus can be transmitted by most body fluids. But semen and blood
are the most easily transferrable means of the virus.
Best means of safely continuing activity: Use at least one condom at
all times.
The information I've found shows that performing oral sex on a woman
and obtaining HIV from that is "highly unlikely." However, the report
states, "If a woman has an STD, however, the risk is greater since she
has lots of white blood cells from the STD sore fighting the
infection. These white cells certainly carry HIV if she is HIV
infected." The report found that it's possible the man could be
infected, providing he has open sores on his mouth. If there are no
such sores, it's virtually impossible for AIDS to be transferred. The
AIDS virus can be transmitted by most body fluids. But semen and blood
are the most easily transferrable means of the virus.
Best means of safely continuing activity: Use at least one condom at
all times.
3) Catching HIV if a condom breaks
The information I found states that if the condom breaks while a man
is having sexual intercourse with a woman, the odds are the same as if
no condom was used at all. Again, one report stated, "The transmission
female to male is so small that its only theoretical, unlike the
measurable male to female long term risk of repeated expose to the
same man." If a woman has sex with a man who’s known to be HIV
positive and the condom breaks, the woman has 1 in 500 odds of
contracting the virus.
4) Catching HIV man to woman if intercourse lasts for 5 seconds.
The information from the Journal of the American Medical Association
states it does not matter how long intercourse lasts. If fluids are
exchanged the odds are the same. However, the odds of the man
contracting HIV from a known HIV positive female during intercourse
are minute.
5) Chances of catching HIV if you wash off right away.
The JAMA report found this doesn’t matter: Once HIV-infected fluid
enters a person’s body, there has been no proven way to remove it.
Your odds of contracting HIV if you wash off immediately after
intercourse is the same as if you do not.
You may call the Center for Disease Control National AIDS Hotline at
1-800-342-AIDS.
You may call the AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service (ACTIS) at
1-800-874-2572 or 1-800-TRIALS-A
Some sources you may read:
You may take a quiz to assess your risk of acquiring HIV online. The
link is http://www.thebody.com/surveys/sexsurvey.html
One article discusses the results of the Journal of the American
Medical Association report. The link is
http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a3_373.html
One article from The Pulse, written by a college reporter, looks at
the odds of contracting HIV. The link is
http://www.finchcms.edu/students/pulse/january_1998/1.html
Information about safer sex can be found online. One site allows you
to see a list of sexual activities rated from highest risk to lowest
risk. The link is
http://www.justlaura.com/xoom/sex/safe.html
The U.S. Surgeon General has done a recent report on AIDS. The link is
http://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/sci_data/misc/type_txt/sgrpt.asp
One report lists several types of sexual activities and their risk of
transferring AIDS. The link is
http://www.libchrist.com/std/2000aidsrpt.html
Another good site allows you to check forum archives. Specific
questions are answered. The link is http://www.thebody.com/index.shtml
I hope this helps. If you need any clarification, please don’t
hesitate to ask.
Darrel-ga |
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