I need to know the estimated size of the market for remediation of
contaminated soils and groundwater when the contaminant is a
chlorinated solvent.  The primary chemicals are dry cleaning fluids
(PCE) and industrial degreasers (TCE).  I'd like the estimate (both of
the volume of soils to be remediated and the estimated remediation
costs) to have been made within the last two years.  The greated the
detail on how the cost estimate was determined the better.

Thanks

---

Request for Question Clarification by techtor-ga on 30 Dec 2002 07:57 PST

It appears that the information you are seeking is "trapped" behind
sites selling market reports about the remediation industry for
upwards of $75, so it is highly possible that the information cannot
be acquired for free. We will see if we can find something.

---

Clarification of Question by hank1144-ga on 31 Dec 2002 08:57 PST

I understand the problem.  If you were pretty sure you could get good
information for $75 I'd be willing to spend that amount of additional
money.  Please let me know what you think you can get.

Thanks

---

Request for Question Clarification by hlabadie-ga on 02 Jan 2003 06:56 PST

The tabulated figures are available free on the Internet, but they are
not as current or complete as you would like. The most recent
tabulated figures are from 2000. More current numbers can be obtained,
but they are for individual sites and would have to be compiled. To
give an idea of the size of the task, approximately 50% (861 as of
2001) of all sites have detectable amounts of TCE pollution. Not all
polluted sites have been tested for TCE. Therefore, the estimates
could be grossly inaccurate. This doesn't include PCE.

For example, one site in Hellertown, PA is 9 acres. It contains 950
million gallons of TCE polluted water, and remediation by the
pumping/air stripping method to reach the target of 1 ppb is planned
until 2016. The pumping began in 1996, was interrupted in 1997 due to
pump failure, and was resumed in 1999. The cost per thousand gallons
of water treated  has been estimated (1997) at $8.90. Thus, to treat
950 million gallons, the total cost would be $8,455,000. Pennsylvania
has reported only 31 pounds of groundwater releases total, yet PA
leads the nation with a reported 1,351,423 pounds of environmental
releases (presumably most into the air or unaccounted).

I can publish the numbers that I have found, plus the sources where
you can find the current untabulated figures, if that would help.

hlabadie-ga

---

Clarification of Question by hank1144-ga on 02 Jan 2003 07:56 PST

Whatever you have found would be worth the $30.  I found some info
from the EPA site but it was pretty limited.

I gather from your response that you do not think we could get better
information by paying more money to obtain propritary sources.  Is
this true?

Thanks for your help.

---

Request for Question Clarification by hlabadie-ga on 02 Jan 2003 09:46 PST

There really isn't any way to know what is contained in proprietary
sources until one has access to them, so I can't really comment on the
value of the information that might exist outside the public domain.
One could easily conclude that private companies might do their own
studies and share that information only for a fee, but I suspect that
the value would be in the work of compilation rather than in the raw
data. The EPA is most likely the ultimate source for such data.

I'll search a few more places to see what else I can find.

hlabadie-ga

The raw data are public and daunting in sheer amount. The digested
information must be compiled from the EPA, ASTDR, and other government
sources. Not all of it is current.

TRICHLOROETHYLENE (TCE)

From Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry:

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/phs8824.html

"The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified 1,428
hazardous waste sites as the most serious in the nation. These sites
make up the National Priorities List (NPL) and are targeted for
long-term federal clean-up. Trichloroethylene has been found in at
least 861 NPL sites. However, it's unknown how many NPL sites have
been evaluated for this substance. As EPA looks at more sites, the
sites with trichloroethylene may increase. This is important because
exposure to this substance  may harm you and because these sites may
be sources of exposure."

That shows an early count of 861 sites with TCE contamination.

However, more recent data from ATSDR shows:

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/gsql/sitecontam.script?in_cas=trichloroethylene&in_cas2=&in_cas3=

contam_name         site_count 
TRICHLOROETHYLENE   1404  


Site list:
(a very large list consisting of 6476 records)

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/gsql/getsite.script?in_cas=000079-01-6


Older data:

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp19-c5.pdf

"5.2.2 Water
According to TRI, an estimated total of at least 13,800 pounds of
trichloroethylene was released to water from manufacturing and
processing facilities in the United States in 1988 (TRIM 1990). The
level reported in 1993 was 5,468 pounds (TR1931995). The number of
reporting facilities in each state and the ranges within which
individual facilities reported their releases are shown in Table 5-l.
The TRI data listed in this table should be used with caution since
only certain types of facilities are required to report. This is not
an exhaustive list. Trichloroethylene is released to aquatic systems
from industrial discharges of waste water streams (EPA 1985c). Various
monitoring studies nationwide have also found that trichloroethylene
from landfill leachate can contaminate groundwater (DeWalle and Chian
1981; Kosson et al. 1985; Reinhard et al. 1984; Sabel and Clark 1984;
Schultz and Kjeldsen 1986). In fact, trichloroethylene is the most
frequently reported organic contaminant in groundwater (Bourg et al.
1992).

5.2.3 Soil
According to TRI, an estimated total of at least 21,190 pounds of
trichloroethylene was released to land from manufacturing and
processing facilities in the United States in 1988 (TRISS 1990). The
level reported in 1993 was 8,213 pounds (TR1931995). The number of
reporting facilities in each state and the ranges within which
individual facilities reported their releases are shown in Table 5-l.
The TRI data listed in this table should be used with caution since
only certain types of facilities are required to report. This is not
an exhaustive list. Trichloroethylene can be released into the soil
through industrial discharges into surface waters and through landfill
leachate. EPA regulations now restrict the disposal of hazardous waste
containing greater than or equal to 1,000 mg/kg halogenated organic
compounds (such as trichloroethylene) in landfills (EPA 1987e)."


The Environmental Protection Agency's Web site:

http://www.epa.gov

In particular, the National Priorities List is of interest:

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsites/index.htm

The organizational principle of the EPA site appears to be aimed at
facilitation of location of individual sites rather than the
acquisition of comprehensive data. Thus, it is relatively easy to find
pollution sites in a designated EPA region, but not as easy to find
aggregate numbers for the region. If one begins with a search of the
EPA Web site for "National Priorities List", a number of pages can be
found for the pollution sites that have been listed as requiring
remediation, among them.

This page is a map and list showing the EPA regions where NPL sites
are located. Clicking on a region or state will bring up a list of
sites for that region or state. Using the search function for
"Trichloroethylene" on the resulting list will bring up another series
of pages with links to all of the sites in that area which are known
to be contaminated with TCE. Each of the links will show the report
for that site, including the remediation statistics. These are the
latest data available.


For Region 3, for example, there are 69 pages shown. Here are the
first 30. Not that some sites have successive reports, and some pages
cited are for subjects, such as reports on policies or toxic effects,
other than NPL sites.

Search of Region 3 for Trichloroethylene: (summaries deleted)

1    0.85  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvani, Valmont TCE: Current
Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/valmont/pad.htm
2    0.83  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Butz Landfill, Current
Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/butz_lf/pad.htm
3    0.83  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Delaware, Delaware City PVC Plant
Site, Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/DE/de-pvc/pad.htm
4    0.83  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Middletown Air Field,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/middletown-air/pad.htm
5    0.83  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, North Penn Area 12,
Fact Sheet July 1995
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/north-penn_12/fs/1995-07.htm
6    0.83  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Delaware, Tyler Refrigeration Pit,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/DE/tyler-refrigeration/pad.htm
7    0.82  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Delaware, Dover Air Force Base,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/DE/dover-af-base/pad.htm
8    0.82  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Berks Sand Pit, Public
Notice http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/berks_sp/pn/pn.htm
9    0.82  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, North Penn Area 12,
Fact Sheet August 1995
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/north-penn_12/fs/1995-08.htm
10   0.82  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, North Penn Area 1,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/north-penn_01/pad.htm
11   0.82  US EPA Region 3 Brownfields: Regional Initiatives Industry
Profiles, Scrap Metal
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/bfs/regional/industry/scrap.htm
12   0.81  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Berks Sand Pit, Fact
Sheet December 1995 http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/berks_sp/fs/fs.htm
13   0.81  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Tacony Warehouse,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/tacony/pad.htm
14   0.81  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Dublin TCE, Fact Sheet
December 1997 http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/dublin-tce/fs/1997-12.htm
15   0.81  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Avco Lycoming, Current
Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/avco-lyc/pad.htm
16   0.81  US EPA Region 3 Brownfields: Regional Initiatives Industry
Profiles, Auto Body http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/bfs/regional/industry/auto_body.htm
17   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Federal Register: January 31, 2002
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/fr/2002/01/31.htm
18   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Virginia, Norfolk Naval Base, Current
Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/VA/norfolk-usn-base/pad.htm
19   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Butz Landfill, Fact
Sheet, October 1996 http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/butz_lf/fs/1996-10.htm
20   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Stanley Kessler,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/stanley-kessler/pad.htm
21   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, North Penn Area 2,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/north-penn_02/pad.htm
22   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, North Penn Area 7,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/north-penn_07/pad.htm
23   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, North Penn Area 5,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/north-penn_05/pad.htm
24   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Raymark, Current Site
Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/raymark/pad.htm
25   0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Fischer Porter Company,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/fischer_porter/pad.htm
26   0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Bendix Flight Systems
Division, Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/bendix/pad.htm
27   0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Federal Register: October 25, 2001
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/fr/2001/10/25.htm
28   0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, AMP, Inc, Current Site
Information (NPL Pad) http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/amp/pad.htm
29   0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Delaware, NCR Corporation, Current
Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/DE/ncr-corp/pad.htm
30   0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Hellertown
Manufacturing Company, Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/hellertown/pad.htm


Remediation costs:

Costs per site can be calculated using the table below. It is a
generalized, non-specific calculation, and is only intended to give a
rough estimate, not an exact amount.

From:

Phytoremediation of TCE in  Groundwater using Populus Hybrid poplar
(Populus charkowiiensis x incrassata, NE 308) at Edward Sears Property

http://www.clu-in.org/PRODUCTS/Phytotce.htm

Table 11: Estimated Costs of Treating PCE in the Groundwater

(Assumes PCE plume averages 1 ppm, the remedial goal is 5 ppb, there
is no
pooled PCE in the aquatard, plume is in the aqueous phase, and the
remediation time is 30 years)


     Treatment Technology      Total Present Cost / Pound  Cost /
1,000
                                 Cost ( x    PCE removed     Gallons
                                  $1,000)                    Treated
 Pump and treat with air           $9800        $1600         $8.90
 stripping and carbon
 absorption
 Iron reactive barrier             $3900         $640         $5.30
 Biobarrier (substrate             $3100         $520         $4.20
 enhanced anaerobic
 bioremediation)
 In situ bioremediation            $1300         $220         $1.80
 (substrate enhanced,
 recirculating source zone)
 Natural attenuation               $890          $150         $1.20
 (intrinsic bioremediation)

Source: Quinton 1997

Other TCE data can be found at scorecard.org.

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/summary.tcl?edf_substance_id=79%2d01%2d6


Total TCE environmental releases in the states ranked by pounds:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-states.tcl?edf_substance_id=79%2d01%2d6&edf_chem_name=TRICHLOROETHYLENE&type=mass&category=total_env&modifier=na&how_many=100

By type of release (note the paucity of the data coverage):

Land releases:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-states.tcl?edf_chem_name=TRICHLOROETHYLENE&edf_substance_id=79-01-6&how_many=100&drop_down_name=Land+releases


Rank  State Name       Pounds
1.    MICHIGAN          7,519
2.    MASSACHUSETTS     1,980
3.    TEXAS               146
4.    LOUISIANA            61
5.    NEW YORK              5
6.    WASHINGTON            2


Groundwater releases:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-states.tcl?edf_chem_name=TRICHLOROETHYLENE&edf_substance_id=79-01-6&how_many=100&drop_down_name=Water+releases


Rank  State Name       Pounds
1.    OREGON              250
2.    ALABAMA             209
3.    LOUISIANA            43
4.    PENNSYLVANIA         31
5.    KANSAS               15
6.    TEXAS                11
7.    VIRGINIA             11
8.    NEW YORK              6
9.    KENTUCKY              5
10.   WASHINGTON            5
11.   MICHIGAN              4
12.   NEW JERSEY            3


Underground releases:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-states.tcl?edf_chem_name=TRICHLOROETHYLENE&edf_substance_id=79-01-6&how_many=100&drop_down_name=Underground+injection


Rank  State Name       Pounds
1.    LOUISIANA        47,872
2.    TEXAS                 5

Releases ranked by county (Top 100):

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-counties.tcl?edf_substance_id=79%2d01%2d6&edf_chem_name=TRICHLOROETHYLENE&type=mass&category=total_env&modifier=na&fips_state_code=Entire%20United%20States&how_many=100



TETRACHLOROETHYLENE PCE


http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp18-c5.pdf

"5.2.2 Water
According to TRI, an estimated total of at least 23,000 pounds of
tetrachloroethylene was released to water from manufacturing and
processing facilities in the United States in 1988 (TRI88 1990). The
level reported in 1993 was 10,152 pounds, about 0.09% of the total
release to the environment (TRI93 1995). The number of reporting
facilities in each state and the ranges within which individual
facilities reported their releases are shown in Table 5-l. The TRI
data listed in Table 5-l should be used with caution since only
certain types of facilities are required to report. This is not an
exhaustive list."


http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/gsql/sitecontam.script?in_cas=TETRACHLOROETHYLENE&in_cas2=&in_cas3=

contam_name          site_count 
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE  1259 

Site List:
(a very large list consisting  of 4882 records)

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/gsql/getsite.script?in_cas=000127-18-4

Profile:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/summary.tcl?edf_substance_id=127%2d18%2d4

Total PCE environmental releases in the states ranked by pounds:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-states.tcl?edf_substance_id=127%2d18%2d4&edf_chem_name=TETRACHLOROETHYLENE&type=mass&category=total_env&modifier=na&how_many=100


By type of release (note the paucity of the data coverage):

Water releases:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-states.tcl?edf_chem_name=TETRACHLOROETHYLENE&edf_substance_id=127-18-4&how_many=100&drop_down_name=Water+releases


Rank  State Name       Pounds
1.    NEW YORK            420
2.    OHIO                251
3.    IOWA                160
4.    ALABAMA             130
5.    LOUISIANA            99
6.    TEXAS                48
7.    MICHIGAN             28
8.    CONNECTICUT           5
9.    KENTUCKY              5
10.   KANSAS                5
11.   ILLINOIS              5
12.   NEW JERSEY            3



Land releases:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-states.tcl?edf_chem_name=TETRACHLOROETHYLENE&edf_substance_id=127-18-4&how_many=100&drop_down_name=Land+releases


Rank  State Name       Pounds
1.    OREGON           11,096
2.    MASSACHUSETTS     2,100
3.    TEXAS             1,098
4.    LOUISIANA            64
5.    MICHIGAN              1


Underground releases:

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-states.tcl?edf_chem_name=TETRACHLOROETHYLENE&edf_substance_id=127-18-4&how_many=100&drop_down_name=Underground+injection


Rank  State Name       Pounds
1.    LOUISIANA        45,666
2.    TEXAS             8,235
3.    KANSAS            6,470
4.    NEW MEXICO           20


Releases ranked by county (Top 100):

http://www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/rank-counties.tcl?edf_substance_id=127%2d18%2d4&edf_chem_name=TETRACHLOROETHYLENE&type=mass&category=total_env&modifier=na&fips_state_code=
Entire%20United%20States&how_many=100


EPA NPL sites can be found at:

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsites/index.htm

Choose a Region/State and then search for PCE or TETRACHLOROETHYLENE.

Some examples from Region 3:

1    0.83  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Delaware, Seaford-Arbutus Well Field
Site,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/DE/seaford-arbutus/pad.htm
2    0.82  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Delaware, Dover Air Force Base,
Current
Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/DE/dover-af-base/pad.htm
3    0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: West Virginia, Ravenswood, Current
Site
Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/WV/ravenswood/pad.htm
4    0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, North Penn Area 1,
Public
Notice, September 1998
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/north-penn_01/pn/1998-09.htm
5    0.80  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Virginia, Norfolk Naval Base, Current
Site
Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/VA/norfolk-usn-base/pad.htm
7    0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Naval Air Development
Center
Warminster, Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/naval-air/pad.htm
8    0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD:
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/MD/spectron/pr/2002-12-09.htm
Summary: PHILADELPHIA - In papers filed in federal district court
in Maryland, the United States has proposed a $5.8 million
partial settlement of legal claims related to the cleanup of
hazardous substances at the Spectron Inc. Superfund Site in
Elkton, Md. Today'
9    0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Maryland, USAF Andrews Air Force
Base,
Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/MD/usaf-andrews/pad.htm
10   0.79  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Tobyhanna Army Depot,
Current
Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/tobyhanna/pad.htm
11   0.78  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Dublin TCE, Fact Sheet
December
1997
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/dublin-tce/fs/1997-12.htm
12   0.78  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Berkley Products
Company Dump,
Public Notice April 1996
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/berkley-products/pn/1996-04.htm
13   0.78  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Maryland, Naval Surface Warfare
Center - White
Oak, Current Site Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/MD/nswc-whiteoak/pad.htm
14   0.78  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Maryland, Fort George G. Meade,
Current Site
Information (NPL Pad)
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/MD/ft-meade/pad.htm
15   0.77  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Malvern TCE, Community
Relations
Plan, May 1996
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/malvern-tce/crp/1996-05.htm
16   0.77  C:\temp\doc records-pub info docs\PPHILL2.WPD
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/old-wilmington/hrs/1999-07-09.pdf
Summary: TABLE 3- 1 GROUND WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY SCORESHEET Factor
Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Likelihood of
Release 1. Observed Release 2. Potential to Release 2a. Potential to
Release [lines 2a( 2b+ 2c+ 2d)] 3. Likelihood of Release W
17   0.77  AGENCY
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/keystone_lf/pp/2000-06-01.pdf
18   0.77  Dupont-Newport
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/DE/ei-dupont/crp/1997-06.pdf
19   0.77  SSLRBC2.PDF
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/risk/sslrbc1000.pdf
20   0.77  sslrbc2.PDF
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/risk/ssl.pdf
22   0.77  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pennsylvania, Drake Chemical, Fact
Sheet, June 1997
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/drake/fs/1997-06.htm
24   0.76  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Delaware, EI DuPont, Community
Relations Plan
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/DE/ei-dupont/crp/1997-06.htm
25   0.75  US EPA Region 3 HSCD: Pensylvania, Keystone Sanitation
Landfill, Proposed Plan June 1, 2000
http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/PA/keystone_lf/pp/2000-06-01.htm

Remediation costs would be similar to those for TCE.

The volume of information is, as you can see, enormous. You will note
that the ATSDR says that an aggregate figure for any region is almost
impossible to compile, given the reporting gaps. This is the best that
I can do to winnow the sources. I hope that it helps.


hlabadie-ga

Researcher did as good a job as could reasonably be hoped for.  Was
worth the money spent.  He/she obviously understood the question.