Please help me to answer the following questions; Choose the single
best answer for each question. Multiple coice.
1. All of the following are true about the Autonomic nervous system
EXCEPT:
A. It provides motor innervation of the visceral organs
B. It provides sensory innervation of the visceral organs
C. It is a specialized part of the Central and the Peripheral Nervous
System
D. It requires two neurons in tandem for proper functioning
2. The neuroepithelium gives rive to all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Ependymal cell
B. Motor neurons in lateral horn
C. Motor neuron in ventral horn
D. Neuroglia
E. Sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglion
3. Despite continuing public skepticism and even fear regarding its
use, electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) has been proven safe and
effective for treating a number of psychiatric conditions. Empirical
experience with ECT has shown that:
(A) only about 50% of patients on whom it is tried show any real
improvement
(B) even with current precautions, about 5% of patients experience
minor fractures
(C) treatments are followed by memory loss, which often lasts several
months
(D) effects are facilitated by a concomitant course of lorazepam
(E) usually requires 5 to 10 treatments for full efficacy
4. Which of the following proximal carpal bones is the most medial ?
a. lunate
b. triquetral
c. capitate
d. pisiform
5.All of the following arteries are derived from the celiac trunk
except ?
a. The hepatic artery
b. the gastroduodenal artery
c. the pancreaticoduodenal artery
d. the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery.
6. The diaphragm develops from all of the following except:
a. the septum transversum
b. Pleuropericardial fold
c. the body wall mesoderm
d. the pleuroperitoneum
7. Certain procedures commonly move the late systolic murmur of a
prolapsing mitral valve either toward or away from S1 (the first heart
sound). All of the following statements concerning these procedures
are correct EXCEPT:
(A) Administration of a vasodilator should move the murmur away from
S1.
(B) Moving from a supine to a standing position should move the murmur
toward S1.
(C) Squatting should move the murmur away from S1.
(D) Exertion of the Valsalva maneuver should move the murmur toward
S1.
(E) Making tight fists with the hands should move the murmur away from
S1.
8. If the head, neck, and trunk of a supine adult are elevated 30-45
degrees from the horizontal, what is the normal vertical distance
above the level of the sternal angle that pulsatile activity will be
observed in the jugular veins?
(A) 0-1 cm
(B) 2-3 cm
(C) 4-5 cm
(D) 6-7 cm
(E) 8-9 cm
9. In a normal, healthy adult, the right border of the heart lies to
the right of the right border of the sternum by
(A) 0-1 cm
(B) 2-3 cm
(C) 4-5 cm
(D) 6-7 cm
(E) 8-9 cm
10. On postoperative day three after thyroidectomy the patient voice
sounds hoarse . Indirect laryngoscopy reveals paralysis of one of the
laryngeal cord. Which structure was likely injured during this
surgery?
a. Internal laryngeal nerve
b. External branch of the superior laryngeal nerve
c. The thyroideus nerve
d. the recurrent laryngeal nerve
11. A Wimbledon tennis champion complains of pain and tenderness in
the proximal portion of the anterior forearm that often occurs after
prolonged practice. The sports medicine specialist claims that this is
due to the trapping of the median nerve near the elbow . Where does
this "entrapment" occur ?
a. at the medial epicondyle of the elbow
b. by the palmaris longus
c. between the heads of the pronator teres
d. due to compression by the flexor retinaculum
12.Which of the following may be expected after trauma to the elbow.
a. anesthesia on the lateral aspect of the palm
b. anesthesia on the medial aspect of the palm
c. Wrist drop
d. inability to flex the distal thumb
13. A surgeon shows his medical intern the femoral ring during a
femoral hernia repair. The femoral nerve lies lateral outside the
sheath .Which structure is the most lateral in the sheath ?
a. the femoral vein
b. the femoral artery
c. the femoral canal
d. the lymphatics and lymph node of Cloquet
14.The cell wall of a Gram negative bacterium is composed of
A. the capsule, lipopolysaccharide and pili.
B. cytoplasmic membrane, outer membrane and periplasm.
C. peptidoglycan layer, outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane.
D. outer membrane and peptidoglycan.
E. peptidoglycan.
15.Resistance to the action of penicillinase, as well as changes in
the spectrum of sensitivity of microbes to the antibiotic, is
conferred by modification of the above molecule at what site?
A. at COOH location
B. at methyl bond
C. at beta-lactam link
D. at C=O bond
E. at side chain
16. Most disinfectants eliminate infectious organisms by
A. bacteristatic mechanisms.
B. reducing the microbial flora to a federally accepted level.
C. killing the vegetative cells.
D. killing vegetative cells and spores.
17. The outer membrane of a Gram negative bacteria is resistant to the
action of detergents largely due to the presence of
A. lipoteichoic acids.
B. phosphotidyl inositol.
C. cholesterol and ergosterol.
D. lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide.
E. glycoproteins and the capsule.
18. A patient develops a fever, goes into shock and dies in the
hospital. Upon performing a blood culture you find that the patient
had a Gram negative sepsis. What is the likely cause of the patient's
fever and subsequent demise?
A. Peptidoglycan components that are released into the blood
B. The presence of pili on the bacterial cell
C. The presence of lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane
D. The release of lipoprotein by the bacterial cell on autolysis
19. The following conditions may be caused by Clostridium perfringens
EXCEPT
(A) food poisoning
(B) Cellulitic
(C) Myonecrosis
(D) Septic abortion
(E) None of the above
20. Which of the following organisms is NOT histotoxic?
(A) Clostridium perfringens
(B) Clostridium difficile
(C) Clostridium botulinum
(D) Clostridium septiculn
(E) Clostridium histolyticum
21. Which of the following readily kills pseudomonas aeruginosa
(A) boiling for 10 minutes
(B) drying
(C) treatment with beta-glutaraldehyde
(D) treatment with phenolics
22. Which of the following tests may be employed to identify
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
(A) Nagler reaction
(B) Schick test
(C) Animal pathogenicity
(D) Elek test
23. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is
(A) A member of the human gastrointestinal flora
(B) Able to utilize ammonia compounds as a source of nitrogen
(C) Not normally found on the human skin
(D) Is the most frequent cause of post burn infections
24. Which of the following is(are) associated with Listeria
monocytogenes
(A) Keratoconjuctjvitis
(B) Neonatal septicemia.
(C) Growth at 3o C.
(D) Motility at RT |
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