Hello and thank you for your question.
Because your question is both timely and broad in scope, there is more
to be said on this topic than fits in this space. Please look at and
to the extent possible read in full the following material:
GLOBALIZATION AND POLITICAL STRATEGY
http://www.newleftreview.net/NLR23803.shtml
Taiwan's Security under Globalization: Grand Strategy Thinking
http://www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/~global/ga/chang0402.pdf
Globalization and Nationalism
http://www.weforum.org/site/knowledgenavigator.nsf/Content/Globalization%20and%20Nationalism
GLOBALIZATION AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY
http://www.aueb.gr/deos/EIBA2002.files/PAPERS/I11.pdf
Globalization and the Preservation of Local Identity: The Case of
Ireland
http://www.isanet.org/archive/white.html
Having read the above, next consider the following:
"The concept of globalization ... was coined in the 1960s, but it took
till the 80s before it became used more often. In the 90s
globalization became a buzzword and scientists recognized the
significance of the concept. So, it took till the end of the Cold War
before the interaction between economic, political and technological
processes caused such a speed up in border-crossing processes that the
word globalization became widespread."
Governance in an Era of Globalization
http://www.xs4all.nl/~koorevaa/html/governan.html
You can conclude that the strategies that nations must adopt are:
*Selective State Intervention
*Social Policies
*Pro-Poor Programmes and
*Regional co-operation
Globalization and Human Development in South Asia
http://origin.island.lk/2002/03/31/busine08.html
Here is where nations are today:
"The power, authority and operations of national government are,
accordingly, altering, but not all in one direction. The entitlement
of states to rule within circumscribed territories - their sovereignty
- is not on the edge of collapse, although the practical nature of
this entitlement - the actual capacity of states to rule - is changing
its shape. A new regime of government and governance is emerging which
is displacing traditional conceptions of state power as an
indivisible, territorially exclusive form of public power. Far from
globalization leading to 'the end of the state', it is stimulating a
range of government and governance strategies and, in some fundamental
respects, a more activist state. In this context, it makes more sense
to speak about the transformation of state power."
Executive Summary
http://www.polity.co.uk/global/summary.htm
As a result:
"[G]lobalization disrupts [the] neat correspondence between national
territory, sovereignty, political space and the democratic political
community; it enables power to flow across, around and over
territorial boundaries. Globalization therefore generates new
political tasks:
Intellectual - recasting established notions of social justice,
equality, and liberty into a coherent political project which is
robust enough to confront a world in which power is exercised on a
transnational scale. This involves reconstructing the principles which
underpin the democratic political community and citizenship for an
epoch marked by transboundary politics and overlapping communities of
fate.
Institutional - combining the institutions and practices of
democracy with the effective governance of globalization within
regional and global (public and private) authorities."
Id.
However, "[p]roponents of the globalisation argument too often claim
that the process of globalisation is undermining the sovereignty of
nation-states and will lead to the eventual disintegration of the
sovereign states system in international politics. By far, it is
rather clear that the sovereign states are still the basic
constituents of the international society. The concept of sovereign
states has formed the basis of the political structure of the modern
world, and it looks still valid. But the above-mentioned proponents
say that this structure is changing and human beings will have to
expect completely different polities rather than in which they have
ever lived."
Globalisation and the Sovereignty of the Nation-State
http://www.arabia.co.kr/en/docs/glob-state.htm
This creates the following challenges to state sovereignty:
1. The Global Economy--Multinational Companies Global Capital Markets
2. Transnational bodies--Economic Regulatory bodies, for example World
Bank, IMF, WTO, UN, EU
3. International law--Legal conventions recognised by national Courts
and states UN and EU conventions and charters
4. Hegemonic powers and power blocs--NATO and former Warsaw Pact
Id., citing Robert J. Holton (1998), p.106; originally quoted from
David Held (1991)
This leads to these further strategies:
"Although the policies of global institutions have a major influence
on national policy-making, the extent of their influence depends on
the commitment and capacity of governments at all levels, from
national to local, to manage their economic and social development
policies and programmes in a socially responsible way. It is true [for
example] that the South Asian governments need to improve their
governance systems in order to enhance their productivity, efficiency
and competitiveness. It is also true that the stabilisation and
structural reform programmes of the IMF and the World Bank, though
necessary can sometimes become a hand-maiden of policies that negate
the promises of globalisation to increase economic development and
reduce poverty".
The Importance of the State
http://origin.island.lk/2002/03/31/busine08.html
"In two areas particularly the role of the national state has become
more important than before: (a) in accelerating human development; and
(b) in providing social protection to the vulnerable"....Spreading
education to everyone is an important means of spreading opportunities
and incomes and countering the tendency for rising inequality and
social exclusion... Globalisation has been accompanied by rising
vulnerability of individuals, families, communities and regions... It
is essential for economies to put in place new mechanisms of social
protection. However the tendency is in the opposite direction because
of downward pressure on tax revenues and social expenditure"
Id.
FOR FURTHER READING:
GLOBALIZATION, WTO, AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES OF POOR COUNTRIES
http://www.adelaide.edu.au/cies/0104.pdf
The Race to Prosperity in the New Economy: State Strategies
http://www.wisconsin.edu/summit/archive/2000/papers/pdf/hartman.pdf
Regionalization vs. Globalization
http://www.eadi.org/bbs0501/messages/41.html
Search terms used:
globalization nationalism strategy
strategies state era of globalization
Thank you again for your question. If after completing the above
reading you have particular need for clarification, please let me
know. I would appreciate it if you would hold off on rating my answer
until I have an opportunity to reply.
Sincerely,
Google Answers Researcher
Richard-ga |
