Hi qpet!
Thanks for another interesting question. As always, the answer is not
finished until you're satisfied with it. If you choose to rate this
answer, I ask that you please ask for any necessary
information/clarification before doing so. Thanks!
_________
A routine is a set of customary and often mechanically performed
procedures or activities [often used on context with "daily"].
Habituation is the decline of a conditioned response following
repeated exposure to a conditioned stimulus.
Addiction is being abnormally dependent on something that is
psychologically or physically habit-forming.
Taken from http://www.dictionary.com.
The best way to understand how these terms relate and differ is to use
them in a sentence, and then explain the terms in context:
John's daily routine consisted of the habitual use of drugs, which
resulted in his addiction to them, as well as an increased need for
harder substances.
Translation:
John's daily itinerary, or typical approach to living his daily life
[routine], consisted of his repeated use of drugs. This repeated use
led to him becoming sensitized and less satisfied with the same drugs
[habituation], forming a dependence on them [addiction], which
compelled him to seek harder drugs to attain the same satisfaction.
ROUTINE=REPEATED BEHAVIOR
HABITUATION=REDUCED SATISFACTION FROM REPEATED SAME BEHAVIOR
ADDICTION=DEPENDENCE ON SAID BEHAVIOR
Here are some links:
"Addiction is a state of dependence caused by the habitual use of
drugs, alcohol, or other substances. It is characterised by
uncontrolled craving, tolerance, and symptoms of withdrawal when
access is denied. Habitual use produces changes in body chemistry and
treatment must be geared to a gradual reduction in dosage. Initially,
only opium and its derivatives (morphine, heroin, codeine) were
recognised as addictive, but many other drugs, whether therapeutic
(such as tranquillisers) or recreational (such as cocaine and
alcohol), are now known to be addictive. Research points to a genetic
predisposition to addiction; environment and psychological make-up are
other factors. Although physical addiction always has a psychological
element, not all psychological dependence is accompanied by physical
dependence. A carefully controlled withdrawal programme can reverse
the chemical changes of habituation. A cure is difficult because of
the many other factors contributing to addiction."
Probert Encyclopedia
http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/E1.HTM
---
"Habituation is the term used to describe the decrease in
physiological response with repeated exposure to a stimulus.
Habituation is a fundamental principle in psychophysiology that shows
that repeated presentation of a stimulus leads to reduced response.
Response on repeated trials, while most likely to be reduced, might
also be increased, illustrating the fact that habituation is a
probabilistic trend toward decreased response. Habituation is a very
important concept, especially for researchers, because it is a common
effect in psychophysiological recordings. For example, a subject
might have less of a response after a few trials of the same
experiment than upon first exposure to that stimulus. This experiment
will test a subject's response level while being exposed to a series
of pictures with one of the pictures being drastically different and
repeated five times over the course of the presentation. The subject
should experience habituation and his/her electrodermal response and
heart rate should continually decrease after each exposure to the
aberrant image."
BIOPAC Systems
http://www.biopac.com/bslprolessons/h24/h24.htm
---
"In general, habituation is a decrease in the size of an innate
response to a stimulus resulting from exposure to the stimulus.
Understand the distinctions between short-term habituation and
long-term habituation. The obvious difference is the durability of the
habituation; habituation lasts either for a short time or a long time.
Long-term habituation is what we typically think of as learning,
because it represents a relatively stable and enduring change in
behavior. These two types of habituation may be products of different
neural mechanisms."
Chapter 2 - Elicited Behavior, Habituation,
and Sensitization
http://www.owu.edu/~deswartz/363/text_notes/ch02.htm
---
"The dynamics of habituation is very similar to the extinction of a
response that has previously been learned during conditioning. In both
cases, the response becomes less probable or weaker with each
occurrence with the event. There is one large difference between the
two situations, however. In extinction, a learned response is
weakened, but in habituation the reaction that dies away is typically
an innate orienting reaction."
Lund University Cognitive Science
http://www.lucs.lu.se/People/Christian.Balkenius/Conditioning.Habituation
-----
"Habituation is the simplest type of learning. It is a the reduced
response which follows repeated stimulation and has been described as
learning not to respond. If the sea slug, Aplysia, is touched at the
side of its body, it immediately draws its gills in. Presumably this
is a protective response. However, this response declines if the
stimulus is applied over and over again. At this point the sea slug
can be made to respond again by applying a strong stimulus elsewhere
on the body and then re-applying the original (touch) stimulus.
Because the animal can recover so quickly, biologists conclude that
habituation in Aplysia is not due to muscle fatigue nor to any change
in sensory information. Rather, it seems that there are changes in the
motor nerves that control gill withdrawal."
ScienceNet
http://www.sciencenet.org.uk/database/Social/Senses/s00181c.html
----
"A routine is a set pattern of activity that you don't think about
after it's over, like everyone piling into a car to go get a Christmas
tree. Rituals patterns of acts that evoke emotions or confer meaning.
They both can enhance physical and mental health."
Emitsburg Dispatch
http://www.emmitsburgdispatch.com/2003/February/routines.shtml
Search Strategy:
dictionary
"addiction +is" |
,
0 Comments
)