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Q: Women and work in Australia ( Answered 5 out of 5 stars,   1 Comment )
Question  
Subject: Women and work in Australia
Category: Business and Money
Asked by: holdie-ga
List Price: $50.00
Posted: 21 Apr 2003 01:03 PDT
Expires: 21 May 2003 01:03 PDT
Question ID: 193186
I am preparing a paper on issues relating to equality for women in the
workplace in Australia as well as female purchasing power. I have
listed some of the sorts of information that would be valuable. Get
back to me if you need any clarity.
Is there statistical evidence of the existence of the ‘glass ceiling’
for women in Australia? For example, what % of top earners are women?
What % of partners in the top 5 law or accounting firms? % in other
top jobs? Can you find any other statistically based information on
the inequality for women in the Australian workplace? For example,
salary differentiation, % of women in executive management positions,
on company boards? On the contrary are there any business areas where
women dominate in Australia?

Are there Australian statistics on the % of responsibility women take
for consumer/services  purchase decisions? For example, US figures I
have read suggest women are responsible for 83% of all consumer
purchases. Is there an Australian stat for that?  What about similar
stats in Australia? For purchases of homes, vacations, cars,
electronics, home furnishings, bank accounts, health care? What %
women represent for business travel?

Request for Question Clarification by easterangel-ga on 21 Apr 2003 02:27 PDT
Hi! In the issue of purchasing influence, I have found a resource but
they are already lumped together as vehicles, household goods and
financial services with one figure for all of them. Would this type of
statistic be enough or must it be for each of the ones you mentioned?

As regards to the workplace stats, I was able to find the statistics
you need.

Just let me know. :)

Request for Question Clarification by easterangel-ga on 21 Apr 2003 05:15 PDT
Hi! On further research I have found some stats on car purchases but
nothing on travel and vacation homes. I await your response.

Clarification of Question by holdie-ga on 21 Apr 2003 15:13 PDT
Hi!,
Thanks for responding so quickly. In relation to purchasing influence,
I would like some of the stats broken out but do not need the specific
categoroies I have listed. Although, the % women represent of business
travel would be very useful if you can find it.
M

Clarification of Question by holdie-ga on 21 Apr 2003 16:48 PDT
Hi! Again,
If you can't find anything on travel and vacation homes don't worry.
These stats are not crucial.
Thanks,
M
Answer  
Subject: Re: Women and work in Australia
Answered By: easterangel-ga on 21 Apr 2003 17:39 PDT
Rated:5 out of 5 stars
 
Hi! Thanks for a truly interesting question. 

I will breakdown the statistics into two categories mainly workplace
and purchasing influence. Some of the documents here are in PDF format
so you would need a reader like Adobe Acrobat to view them. If you
haven’t installed it in your PC yet you can download the software here
(http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html)

Workplace:

The Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency (EOWA), a
government organization, provides a wealth of resources in depicting a
picture of Australian women in the workplace. The agency statistics
were taken from Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) so you could be
sure that they are reliable and the most recent numbers to date.

a.) Pay Equity:
“Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) data indicate that women are
earning on average just 84% of what men earn.”

“Women in full-time employment earn just 84.3 per cent of male
earnings (ABS May 2001)”

“Women in all types of employment (ie, including full-time, part-time
and overtime) earn just 66.3 per cent of male earnings (ABS May
2001).”

“Pay Equity”
http://www.eeo.gov.au/About_Equal_Opportunity/Key_Agenda_Items/Pay_Equity.asp

“The starting salary for new female graduates across all fields was
$33 040, this being approximately 94.4 per cent of the starting salary
for male graduates.”

“In August 2000, approximately 92% of males and 90% of female
employees received a standard employment benefit as part of their
salary package.”

“Approximately 76% of male employees and 66% of female employees
received holiday leave as an employee benefit in August 2000.”

“Equity Statistics”
http://www.eeo.gov.au/Resource_Centre/Statistics/Statistics_Jan_02_PDF.pdf

“Causes of Pay Gaps”
http://www.eeo.gov.au/About_Equal_Opportunity/Key_Agenda_Items/Pay_Equity/Causes_Of_Pay_Gaps.asp

b.) Maternity Leave:
Our next link meanwhile provides statistics on incidence of paid
maternity leaves per industry. The highest is in education at 56.4%
while Personal and other services come next with 37%.

“By international standards, Australia is lagging behind in the
provision of paid maternity leave.”

“Paid Maternity Leave”
http://www.eeo.gov.au/About_Equal_Opportunity/Key_Agenda_Items/Work_Life_Balance/Paid_Maternity_Leave/Industry_And_International_Comparisons.asp


c.) Women in Management 

In this article, it mentions the situation of women in management.
Some statistics are:

“Only 1 percent of Australia's Top 500 companies' CEOs is female.”

“Women comprise just 13 per cent of generalist managers and 27 per
cent of specialist managers…”

Please read the article to get the other numbers.

“Facts on Women in Management”
http://www.eeo.gov.au/About_Equal_Opportunity/Key_Agenda_Items/Women_in_Decision_Making_Roles/Facts_On_Women_In_Management.asp

d.) General
“In June 2001, a third of small businesses in Australia were operated
by women 29”

“In August 2001 86% of males were full-time workers compared with 56%
of females”

“Economic Girl Power”
http://www.brandchannel.com/images/papers/EconomicGirlPower.pdf 

Labour Force:
“As at November 2001, 55.0 per cent of women were in the labour force
1 compared with 72.3 percent of men. In comparison, in 1970, 40.0 per
cent of women were in the labour force compared with 83.4 per cent of
men.”

“Women are more likely than men to work part-time – they make up 71
per cent of the part-time labour force and 34 per cent of the
full-time labour force.”

“In the year to November 1998, approximately 87.2% of all male
employees and 83.1% of all female employees (both full-time and
part-time, permanent and casual) had attended a training course or
studied for an educational qualification for which their employer had
provided financial assistance.”

You can get more statistics plus graphs from the following document.

“Equity Statistics”
http://www.eeo.gov.au/Resource_Centre/Statistics/Statistics_Jan_02_PDF.pdf


-----------------
Purchasing Influence:

a.) General Statistic:
“In Australia, women are the decision-makers for 90% of the purchases
made, and that includes motor vehicles, household goods and financial
services.”

“49% pf property investors in Australia are now female”

“Australian females are responsible for spending 90 cents in every
household dollar “

“Attract More Female Customers”
http://www.eeo.gov.au/Why_EO_Makes_Business_Sense/Five_Ways_EO_Boosts_Profitability/Attract_More_Female_Customers.asp

b.) Cars:
“Women are responsible for 70 per cent of small and small-medium
vehicle car purchases, and influence at least 80 per cent of the
decisions of new car purchases.”

“In terms of vehicle ownership, women aged between 18-24 are more
likely to own a motor vehicle in comparison to men,5 and single
females living with other adults are more likely than their male
counterparts to own a motor vehicle.”

“Furthermore, only a slightly lower proportion of women overall
(72.9%) own a motor vehicle than men (77.9%),7 and a motor vehicle is
the second highest asset held by women.8”

“Women Consumers - Motor Vehicle Industry Project”
http://www.women.nsw.gov.au/mvip/mvipdiscussion.html

c.) Mortgage:
“Women make 75% of the initial calls to mortgage consultants and are
the partner doing the home loan research”

“Over 60% of final loan decisions are made by women”

“Women in partnerships are making 75 per cent of the initial call to
mortgage consultants and a high number – at least 60 per cent - are
also making the final loan decision. A few consultants reported this
figure was as high as 90 per cent.”

“’A lot of first time home buyers are women. They tend to be single
women under the age of 25 or women buying investment properties that
are over 40 and are either divorcees or are doing it alone, married or
not.’”

“WHO NEEDS MEN?”
http://www.mortgagechoice.com.au/pdfFiles/Womenfinal.pdf 

d.) Sporting Goods:
“The Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association estimates that women
make 86 percent of all sports apparel purchases.”

Field Notes
http://216.239.53.100/search?q=cache:9Md79Oy2seMC:www.iaam.org/Facility_manager/Pages/2001_Jul_Aug/field.html+women+Australia+purchases+&hl=en&ie=UTF-8

e.) Groceries:
“Women are responding by integrating other purchases with grocery
purchases. Given women are responsible for 75% of grocery purchases…”

“Economic Girl Power”
http://www.brandchannel.com/images/papers/EconomicGirlPower.pdf 

Unfortunately I was not able to find anything on Australian women
travel statistics. I tried to look at other websites but could not
find anything as well.

Search terms used:         
Australia women workplace statistics purchasing cars travel
             
I hope these links would help you in your research. Before rating this
answer, please ask for a clarification if you have a question or if
you would need further information.
             
Thanks for visiting us.              
             
Regards,              
Easterangel-ga              
Google Answers Researcher
holdie-ga rated this answer:5 out of 5 stars
An excelent job by easterangel. This has been my first use of Google
Answer and I will be back for sure!
Mark

Comments  
Subject: Re: Women and work in Australia
From: tom136-ga on 21 Apr 2003 15:26 PDT
 
Hi,
Maybe this is of your interest (this is a government site):
http://jobsearch.gov.au/joboutlook/AlphaSearch.asp
You will find in the abovementioned link a list of jobs in Australia.
When you click on any of them, you will find very useful info,
including the breakdown by gender (%). Hope this is of use to you.
Regards,
Tom

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