Hello Hughbert. Thank you for an interesting question on a very
complex topic.
I'm providing some information below that directly gets to your
question about the "levels of corruption" in different countries, and
briefly describes the impacts of corruption. But if anything here
seems to require elaboration, please don't hesitate to post a Request
for Clarification before rating this answer.
A group called Transparency International has made corruption its
cause celebre, and publishes an annual corruption index for over 100
countries. A summary of their latest report can be found here:
http://www.transparency.org/pressreleases_archive/2002/2002.08.28.cpi.en.html
and the actual table of country-by-country corruption scores is here:
http://www.transparency.org/cpi/2002/cpi2002.en.html
As you can see from the table, Russia achieves a fairly low score of
2.7, while Italy faired better with a score of 5.2 (barely considered
a passing grade by Transparency International, who report results
above and below a score of 5).
Bangladesh has the lowest score of 1.2, while Finland (ah...the
Finns!) scored 9.7 out of 10. The U.S. -- with very strong
anti-corruption laws in theory, and a wave of recent corporate and
financial scandals in practice -- scored a middling 7.7.
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So what does this all mean in terms of impacts. Investors are wary of
diving into corruption-ridden countries with new money. The World
Bank has studied this issue extensively, and has concluded that
corruption depresses the level of FDI; steers what FDI there is
towards larger, well-established firms, and particularly impacts
investments from the U.S., since the U.S. is one of the few countries
of the world that makes it a crime to participate in bribery in
overseas operations.
Some of the key World Bank reports on this topic are:
Corruption and Composition of Foreign Direct Investment:
Firm-Level Evidence
http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/pdf/wps2360.pdf
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State Capture, Corruption and Misgovernance: Empirical Findings
http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/assessing/pdf/kaufmann_statecapture.pdf
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Corruption and Cross-Border Investment: Firm-Level Evidence
http://wbln0018.worldbank.org/LAC/LACInfoClient.nsf/d29684951174975c85256735007fef12/3eede04f45c4da3c85256c670055a423/$FILE/Wei%20Corruption%20and%20Cross%20Border%20Investment.pdf.
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FDI International Survey
http://www.miga.org/screens/pubs/otherpubs/FDIsurvey.pdf
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I hope this information meets your needs, but as I said earlier, just
post a Request for Clarification if I can provide any additional
assistance. |