Hi dilipjoglekar,
"The genus Aspergillus includes over 185 species. Around 20 species
have so far been reported as causative agents of opportunistic
infections in man. Among these, Aspergillus fumigatus is the most
commonly isolated species, followed by Aspergillus flavus and
Aspergillus niger."
[ Species ]
http://www.doctorfungus.org/thefungi/Aspergillus_spp.htm
I found the following references to treatments for Aspergillosis and
Aspergillus flavus:
----------------------------------
VORICONAZOLE --
"Voriconazole (UK-109,496) is a triazole that is structurally related
to fluconazole. It is developed by Pfizer Pharmaceuticals
(http://www.pfizer.com) and its clinical use was approved by FDA in
May 2002. The trade name of voriconazole is Vfend™....
Voriconazole has favorable in vitro activity against a variety of
fungi. These include, Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Cryptococcus
neoformans, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Coccidioides immitis,
Histoplasma capsulatum, Fusarium spp., and Penicillium marneffei [109,
626, 1358]. Voriconazole is generally considered to be a fungistatic
agent against Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans. It may,
however, be fungicidal against Aspergillus spp."
http://www.doctorfungus.org/thedrugs/Voriconazole.htm
----------------------------------
ITRACONAZOLE --
"Itraconazole is triazole antifungal agent. As with other triazoles,
it has five-membered ring structures containing three nitrogen atoms
[1919]. It is available in oral capsule form (since 1992), oral
solution in cyclodextrin (since 1997) and intravenous formulation in
hydroxy-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin (since 1999). In its capsule and oral
solution form, itraconazole is marketed as Sporanox™ by Janssen
Pharmaceuticals (http://us.janssen.com/). The intravenous formulation
is marketed by Ortho Biotech....
...Itraconazole is active in general against various types of fungi,
including yeasts, moulds, and dimorphic fungi. Among these are,
Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus spp.,
Pseudallescheria boydii, Sporothrix schenckii, Histoplasma capsulatum,
Blastomyces dermatitidis, Coccidioides immitis, Paracoccidioides
brasiliensis, Penicillium marneffei and dermatophytes [1919]."
http://www.doctorfungus.org/thedrugs/Itraconazole.htm
----------------------------------
CASPOFUNGIN --
"Formerly L-743,872 and MK-0991, caspofungin is a polypeptide
antifungal related to pneumocandin B0. It is a glucan synthesis
inhibitor of the echinocandin structural class. It is manufactured by
Merck Research Laboratories and its trade name is Cancidas™.
...Caspofungin is active against Aspergillus spp. [1619]. This
activity can be observed by using a distinctive parameter, "minimum
effective concentration" (MEC) [110, 1155]. For details and current
knowledge available for the method, see susceptibility testing and
susceptibility database.Caspofungin exerts antifungal activity at
actively growing tips and branching points of Aspergillus hyphae,
leading to formation of flattening and swelling tips."
http://www.doctorfungus.org/thedrugs/Caspofungin.htm
"...Caspofungin is active against Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus
flavus, and Aspergillus terreus."
(13th paragraph down)
http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/diseasemanagement/infectiousdisease/antimicrobial/antimicrobial.htm
----------------------------------
An AMB preparation --
"Amphotericin B is now available in four formulations. The classic
amphotericin B deoxycholate (Fungizone™) formulation has been
available since 1960 and is a colloidal suspension of amphotericin B.
A bile salt, deoxycholate, is used as the solubilizing agent.
This preparation has a number of toxicities that are partially
ameliorated when a lipid carrier is used. Thus, three lipid
preparations of amphotericin B have been licensed and are currently
available [949]. These are:
Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion (ABCD; Amphocil™ or Amphotec™)
Amphotericin B Lipid Complex (ABLC; Abelcet™)
Liposomal Amphotericin B (L-AMB; Ambisome™)
...Generally speaking, amphotericin B has a very broad range of
activity and is active against most pathogenic fungi. Notable
exceptions include Trichosporon beigelii [2158], Aspergillus terreus
[2015], Pseudallescheria boydii [2146], Malassezia furfur [694], and
Fusarium spp. [109]..."
http://www.doctorfungus.org/thedrugs/Ampho_Deoxycholate.htm
----------------------------------
OLIVE LEAF --
"...olive leaf represents a viable antibacterial alternative against a
variety of common bacterial infections. In one trial, compounds
isolated from olive leaf inhibited the growth of the following
bacterial and fungal strains: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Bacillus cereus, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus.2 In
laymen's terms, this means olive leaf may be effective against some of
the bacteria that cause common ailments. These include bronchitis,
tonsillitis, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections and ear
infections..."
http://www.naturalfacts.com.au/oliveleaf.html
----------------------------------
GENESIS FIRST AID OIL --
"Gensis Oil is a natural fruit seed extract, from grapefruit seed.
Genesis First Aid Oil is a broad-spectrum anti-microbial
(antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasital); proven
effective against Candida albicans,,Staphylococcus aureus,
Staphylococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus faecalis,
Salmonella cholerasuis, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Proteus
vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lactobacillus pentoaceticus,
Klebsiellus pneumonia, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae,
Aspergillus parasiticus, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus flavus,
Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium oxy., Fusarium sp. Tuberosi, Fusarium
sambucinum, Penicillium funiculosum, Penicillium sp., Trichophyton
interdigital, Scerotinia laxa, Chaetonium globosum Entamoeba
histolytica, Giardia lambia, Herpes Simplex Virus, Type 1 Influenza A2
Virus..."
http://www.tacticalnutrients.com/GLOSSARY.html
----------------------------------
Cuminum cyminum, Elettaria cardamomum --
"...Antimicrobial activity of commercial cardamom, cinnamon, cumin and
nutmeg oils against various pathogenic fungi and bacteria were
investigated...resistant fungi A. flavus was inhibited by C. cyminum
and E. cardamomum essential oils.."
(8th paragraph - Results and Discussion)
http://www.unibas.ch/mdpi/ecsoc-3/d0002/d0002.html
----------------------------------
Sources --
"Dr Fungus" - Aspergillosis
http://www.doctorfungus.org/mycoses/human/aspergillus/aspergillosis.htm
"Dr Fungus" - Medical Antifungal Agents
http://www.doctorfungus.org/thedrugs/medical.htm
"Dr Fungus" - Drugs of Choice
http://www.doctorfungus.org/thedrugs/DrugsOfChoice.htm
Related links --
The Aspergillus web site
http://www.aspergillus.man.ac.uk/homepagenew/indexhome.html
The Infectious Disease Society of America-Mycoses Study Group
(IDSA-MSG) Practice Guideline for treating aspergillosis is available
at the IDSA website
http://www.idsociety.org/pg/toc.htm
Search terms used --
[ "aspergillus flavus" treatment ]
[ "aspergillus flavus" infection ]
[ "aspergillus flavus" infection ]
[ "aspergillus flavus" antifungal ]
[ "aspergillus flavus" antifungul urinary ]
----------------------------------
I hope this helps!
regards,
Jack |
Clarification of Answer by
jackburton-ga
on
28 Apr 2003 07:10 PDT
Hi dilipjoglekar,
According to the article "Urinary tract aspergillosis", prepared by
H. Sambatakou and D.W. Denning, October 2002, it states:
"The management of these challenging infections is a problematic
issue. Renal parenchymal disease requires systemic antifungal therapy
(amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole or caspofungin), as for
any other infected organ, although the efficacy of antifungal agents
not proven. A combined medical and surgical approach is required for
pelvic disease. Topical and systemic antifungal agents and
endourological access for extraction, lavage and debulking, or
nephrectomy are required, depending on the anatomy, clinical judgment
and the response to an initially “conservative” approach. Most
patients require nephrectomy. This is not a welcome option for
patients with bilateral disease. Amphotericin B can be administered
either parenterally or as a urinary irrigant..."
(6th paragraph)
You can read the whole article on the Aspergillus website. To view the
article:
1. Go to http://www.aspergillus.man.ac.uk/homepagenew/indexhome.html
2. Click on the word "register"
3. Enter your Surname, country, email, username and password
4. Then log-in
5. Then click on "treatment" (on the left in the menu)
6. Click on Invasive aspergillosis (no. 2)
7. Then scroll down to no. 13 and click on Renal aspergillosis
8. Read the disclaimer, and then click on the "I accept" button
I have included Dr Sambatakou's email below, in case you wish to
contact her for specific medical advice -
Dr Helen Sambatakou, Research Fellow, Wythenshawe University Hospital,
Manchester, UK and Senior Registrar in the Infectious Diseases Unit of
the General Hospital “G Gennimatas”, Athens, Greece
E-mail:hsambata@fs1.with.man.ac.uk
I hope this information is useful, and i wish you well !
regards,
Jack
|
