Wambammer - -
When I did the initial search in the New York Times, I searched on
"Tony Ciulla" and found 6 articles. It was Ciulla who started the
allegations of race-fixing in an article in Sports Illustrated in
1978.
Unfortunately, Proquest's online index for Sports Illustrated only
goes back to 1992. In order to find related articles, the best way
would be to go to a good reference library with a "Readers Guide to
Periodical Literature" and look up what was printed about the scandal.
The "Readers Guide" is an index to the most-popular magazines (not
newspapers).
It was such a large story that it made the cover of Sports Illustrated
on Nov. 6, 1978 (price $1.25).
Though SI doesn't have its archive online either, you can see the
cover:
Sports Illustrated
"Covers: a Historical Record" (searchable database)
http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/si_online/covers/issues/1978/1106.html
Jockey Con Errico was part of the fix and was convicted in May, 1980.
A search using his name turns up more than 70 articles from 1970 to
1990, though because he was a famous jockey you'll find him in other
items - such as Abercrombie & Fitch ads in the New York Times from the
early 1970s. Because other jockeys were involving in the race-fixing,
you'll find articles continuing on the case in 2001. Here's an
article on Jose Amy, who was still seeking a license to ride 21 years
after the scandal:
Backstretch Magazine
"Jose Amy: After 21-year ban jockey seeks 2nd chance" (May, 2001)
http://www.thebackstretch.com/award/amy0501.html
The actual court case was United States v. Errico, 635 F. 2d 152 (2nd
Circuit Court, 1980) and there are certainly additional articles
involving the revocation of his license by the New York State Racing
and Wagering Board.
Here's a pretty complete list of articles that are available online
from Proquest's New York Times archive. Though it's a fee-based
service, most public libraries have access to it online.
"Cordero is Booed by Fans: 'Crowd is Down on Me,'" Nov. 6, 1978
"Ciulla Testifies to Horse Race 'Fixes' At Trial of 9 Jackeys and
Trainers: Bribes of $3,000 to $6,000," Nov. 7, 1978
"Cordero Weighing Suit on Race-Fixing Article: 2 Others Plan Actions,"
Nov. 10, 1978
"Integrity of NY Horse Racing is Under Study on Two Fronts: Conviction
in New Jersey," Jan. 26, 1979
"Racing Worry is 'Undetectable Drugs; Years Behind in Detection," June
5, 1979
"Errico, Ex-Jockey, Seized on Charge of Race-Fixing," Mar. 23, 1980
"NYRA Expects More Indictments: Had Stormy Career," Mar. 24, 1980
"Trial is Set as Errico Denies Race-Fixing: A Long Investigation,"
Mar. 25, 1980
"Two Jockeys Testify on Bribes by Errico," May 13, 1980
"Amy Implicates Leading Jockeys in Trial: Lists Efforts to Fix Races,"
May 14, 1980
"Amy Says He Lied to Grand Jury on Fixes; Knew He Was Lying," May 15,
1980
"FBI Agents Testify in Race-Fixing Trial: Exchange About Suspension,"
May 16, 1980
"Shock and Cynicism Riding Dead Heat in Bribe Scandal; Bitterness over
Scandal," May 17, 1980
"Errico Defense Rests in Race-Fixing Trial; FBI Agent Testifies," May
17, 1980
"The Future of Racing in New York is in Dispute; Growing Consensus on
a Takeover," May 18, 1980
"Errico, Ex-Jockey, Found Guilty of Race Fixes," May 20, 1980
"State Subpoenas Go To Errico and Amy," May 21, 1980
"Belmont Opens Amid Rain and 'Fix' Clouds; Fans View Race-Fixing," May
22, 1980
"Jockeys' Hearing Off Until June 4," May 23, 1980
"Errico Gets 10 Years In Race-Fixing Case; Four Months to Appeal,"
June 19, 1980
"Amy Seeks to Block Racing Board Action," July 2, 1980
"Errico Conviction is Upheld," Dec. 2, 1980
"Ex-Jockey Accused; Jockey-Turned-Agent Suspended in Inquiry Suffered
Personal Problems," Dec. 31, 1980
"Belmonte Tape Put in Evidence; New Name Introduced Jockey Are
Warned," Jan. 16, 1981
"Copy of Tape Played at Belmonte Hearing; Original Tape is Missing,"
Jan. 28, 1981
"Errice and Amy to Face Charges," Feb. 12, 1981
"Belmonte Appeals for Agent's License; Filly Likely Favorite," June
11, 1981
"2 Former Riders Backed in Ruling Against Board," June 19, 1981
"Board Impels Jockeys to Testify; No Strategy Disclosed," June 24,
1981
"Racing Aide Accused of Thwarting Inquiry," June 25, 1981
"Deposition Connects Vasquez to Bribe Offer; Cooperated at Trials,"
June 26, 1981
"Racing-Fix Inquiry: Board Lacks Clout to Halt Corruption; Sports
Analysis A Blow from Court "Decision Ciulla Refuses to Appear Board is
Skeptical; Ciulla Charges Cover-Up," June 28, 1981
"Belmonte Loses Agent License; No Suspects So Far," June 30, 1981
"Errico Found in Contempt of Grand Jury," July 1, 1981
"Amy Won't Testify; Hearings Stalled; Amy Subpoenaed for Hearing,"
July 2, 1981
"Joanie's Chief Posts Upset at Belmont; Jockey's Foot Slips," July 4,
1981
"Jockeys Subpoenaed by Board; Trial of Ellenberger, Ex-Coach, Goes to
Jury," July 7, 1981
"Jockeys at Hearing Deny Taking Part in Fixing Races; Venezia
Testimony," July 15, 1981
"Vasquez Proposed Mooney, Maple Says; Reminded of Testimony," July 15,
1981
"Race-Fixing Hearings Show More Investigation is Needed; Sports
Analysis," July 19, 1981
"Errico Seeks Reduction in 10-Year Sentence," Aug. 29, 1981
"Errico Cites Illness, Asks Lesser Term; Trainer Suspended," Sept. 1,
1981
"Errico Shifts Stand, Testifies in Inquiry," Sept. 19, 1981
"Racing Fix Report Submitted; Hearings Held in Summer," Nov. 19, 1981
"Errico is Denied a New Trial; NHL Officials Protest," Dec. 18, 1981
"Some Jockeys Face State Disciplinary Action; Leading Jockeys Facing
State Disciplinary Action," Mar. 28, 1982
"Little Surprise Felt on Racing Scandal," Mar. 29, 1982
"Report Released on Race-Fixing," April 3, 1982
"The Racing Scandal Won't Fade," April 4, 1982
"Belmonte Arrested on Assault Charge," April 9, 1982
"Board Acts Against 3 Jockeys," April 14, 1982
"Ex-Jockey Invokes 5th Amendment," May 18, 1982
"Motions Heard in Racing Case," July 2, 1982
"Venezia Has Hearing to Retain License," Sept. 8, 1982
"Sports People," Dec. 4, 1982
"Vasquez, Venezia Suspended," Dec. 12, 1982
"Angel Cordero: Jockey the Fans Love to Hate," Dec. 12, 1982
"Clogged Wheels of Justice," June 2, 1984
"End to Suspension Asked by Vasquez," June 6, 1984
Google search strategy used the Proquest Historical Newspaper archive
to find relevant articles from the New York Times:
"Tony Ciulla"
"Con Errico"
An additional search strategy to find information on the scandals may
involve writers who covered the case - including Thomas Rogers, James
Tuite, and Steven Crist of the Times. This race-fixing scandal might
well have been turned into a book by one of the writers.
Best regards,
Omnivorous-GA |
