Google Answers Logo
View Question
 
Q: 24-hour clock vs. 12-hour clock (am/pm) ( No Answer,   5 Comments )
Question  
Subject: 24-hour clock vs. 12-hour clock (am/pm)
Category: Reference, Education and News > General Reference
Asked by: mark4-ga
List Price: $50.00
Posted: 23 May 2003 08:43 PDT
Expires: 25 May 2003 04:56 PDT
Question ID: 207737
In the USA we do not use the World Time(24 hours)method of 
referencing time (except the Military), we commonly use am/pm
designations.  My question is: In non-English speaking countries,
e.g., Japan, Iraq, Bolivia for every-day purposes how does the
citizenry refer to the "time", 12-hour clock (am/pm) or 24 hour clock?

Request for Question Clarification by justaskscott-ga on 23 May 2003 10:31 PDT
Do you need examples of how times are expressed in a certain number of
languages?  How many languages?  Which languages in particular?

Clarification of Question by mark4-ga on 23 May 2003 14:44 PDT
G'Day:
The languages are not particularly important, I just picked those
countries as examples.  My question:  How does the work-a-day world
express "what time it is," as in the 24-hour clock or the 12-hour with
am/pm designations.  In other words, in the USA, I might make an
appointment for, say 7:30, and designate am or pm.  In the Military,
the "appointment" would be noted as 19:30.  Do non-enlish speaking
countries (the general public) use a World Clock (24-hour) or do they
use the 12-hour clock (with am/pm). For example, say I lived in Japan,
would my "appointment" be noted as 19:30 or 7:30pm?
--------------------------mark

Clarification of Question by mark4-ga on 24 May 2003 04:16 PDT
Tutuzdad-ga:
Absolutely "on target"---just what I wanted!  Now, what about the
question raised by "robertskelton's" comment-reply where he
wonderdered how one verbally expresses the time in the 24h clock,
having never heard anyone say: "15 o'clock, or quarter past 20?"  Is
is just conditioning/tradition that makes it sound "strange?"
Regards,
-----------------------------------mark

Request for Question Clarification by tutuzdad-ga on 24 May 2003 19:56 PDT
As for robertskelton-ga's reference to how people actually verbalize
the time with regard to the 24 hour clock, "15 o'clock" (or 15:00 -
3PM in the standard time convention) is commonly verbalized as
"fifteen hundred hours". The "15" represents the 15th hour since the
previous midnight and the term "hundred" represents the "00"
indicating "no minutes", or exactly on the hour. One minute after 3PM
would be 15:01. This of course indicates 15 hours and one minute since
the previous midnight. In like manner it is commonly verbalized as
"fifteen oh one" and so on up to "fifteen oh nine". Each subsequent
minute from this point is then commonly verbalized as the appropriate
whole number indicates (example, "fiften ten", "fifteen eleven",
"fifteen twelve" etc).

"A quarter past 20" then, as he suggested (or 8:15PM in the standard
time convention) is commonly verbalized as "twenty, fifteen". While
the time measurement "a quareter past 20" can easily be deciphered, it
is not a verbalized time format anywhere that I am aware of. In fact,
this statement is actually a combination of two time conventions; that
used in standard time and that used in the 24 hour format. The best
way to make a comparision to what is being said here is to say 1 foot
9 centimeters. The 24 hour clock is not actually metirc in nature, but
it is a good way of showing how these two school of thought are not
meant to intermingle.

As for this and my earlier offering, is this sufficient as an answer
or do you require something more?

Regards;
tutuzdad-ga

Request for Question Clarification by tutuzdad-ga on 24 May 2003 22:36 PDT
Here are a few more interesting sites just to add to what I've already
offered. They can give you a great overview of how time is verbalized
in each language:

HOW TO TELL TIME IN FRENCH
http://french.about.com/cs/beginning1/ht/telltime.htm

HOW TO TELL TIME IN ITALIAN
http://italian.about.com/c/ht/00/07/How_Tell_Time_Italian0962933377.htm?terms=HOW+TO+TELL+TIME

HOW TO TELL TIME IN GERMAN
http://german.about.com/c/ht/00/07/How_Tell_Time_German0962934210.htm?terms=HOW+TO+TELL+TIME

~OR~
http://german.about.com/library/blht_telltime.htm?terms=HOW+TO+TELL+TIME

HOW TO TELL TIME IN SPANISH
http://spanish.about.com/library/beginning/aa-beg-basics-telling_time.htm?terms=HOW+TO+TELL+TIME

HOW TO TELL TIME IN JAPANESE
http://japanese.about.com/bltime.htm?terms=HOW+TO+TELL+TIME

Let me know if you require additional information or if this is
suitable.

Regards;
tutuzdad-ga
Answer  
There is no answer at this time.

Comments  
Subject: Re: 24-hour clock vs. 12-hour clock (am/pm)
From: tutuzdad-ga on 23 May 2003 21:05 PDT
 
Dear mark4-ga;

I hate for this to waste so I’ll post it as a comment for now to see
if I am on the right track. If it serves as an answer in any way
please let me know and perhaps I can post it as such or even expand on
it.

For starters, lets look at what it says on the INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
DATE TIME NOTATION web site at:
http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html . According to this we
are all witnessing the evolution of standard time notation practices
and the rule here appears to be “Out with the old – in with the new”:

"The 24h time notation specified here has already been the de-facto
standard all over the world in written language for decades. The only
exception(s) are a few English speaking countries, where still
notations with hours between 1 and 12 and additions like "a.m." and
"p.m." are in wide use. The common 24h international standard notation
is widely used now even in England (e.g. at airports, cinemas,
bus/train timetables, etc.). Most other languages don't even have
abbreviations like "a.m." and "p.m." and the 12h notation is certainly
hardly ever used on Continental Europe to write or display a time.
Even in the U.S., the military and computer programmers have been
using the 24h notation for a long time...Please consider the 12h time
to be a relic from the dark ages when Roman numerals were used, the
number zero had not yet been invented and analog clocks were the only
known form of displaying a time. Please avoid using it today,
especially in technical applications! Even in the U.S., the widely
respected Chicago Manual of Style now recommends using the
international standard time notation in publications."

And here I found this notation COMPUTER TELEPHONY.COM
http://www.internationalservices.com/telephony/CompTelMag.html

“Over 40 languages use time concepts different from English. Many,
including Japanese, Chinese and Korean, place "AM/PM" before the hour:
" PM 8:00 ". Other countries use the 24 hour clock. Still others use
"20 to 8" instead of "7:40". And lastly, many countries with "AM/PM"
use 5 distinct versions: "in the early morning", "in the morning", "in
the afternoon", "in the evening" and "in the late night".

This comes from the site LYSATOR ACADEMIC COMPUTER SOCIETY
http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/rat/d4.html

“Time formats are also quite diverse: 
3:30 PM - Customary U.S. and British format
1530    - U.S. military format
15h.30  - Italian usage
15.30   - German usage
15:30   - Common European usage”


Does this work? Am I on the right track here.?

Best regards;
Tutuzdad-ga


INFORMATION SOURCES

SUN PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION
http://docs.sun.com/db/doc/806-6642/6jfipqu4f?a=view

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD DATE TIME NOTATION
http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html

COMPUTER TELEPHONY.COM
http://www.internationalservices.com/telephony/CompTelMag.html

LOCALIZATION
http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/rat/d4.html



SEARCH STRATEGY


SEARCH ENGINE USED:

Google ://www.google.com


SEARCH TERMS USED:


EUROPEAN STYLE CLOCK

EUROPEAN TIME FORMAT

24 HOUR CLOCK

“STANDARD TIME” “24 HOUR CLOCK”

“STANDARD TIME” “24 HOUR TIME”

“24 HOUR TIME CONVENTION”

COUNTRIES “24 HOUR TIME CONVENTION”

COUNTRIES “24 HOUR CONVENTION”

TIME FORMAT DIFFERENCES COUNTRIES

LOCAL TIME FORMAT COUNTRIES

NATIVE TIME FORMAT COUNTRIES

COMMON TIME FORMAT COUNTRIES

“LOCAL CONVENTIONS” TIME CLOCK

“24 HOUR CLOCK” “BY COUNTRY”

“COUNTRIES USE” “24 HOUR CLOCK”

“DATE/TIME FORMATS” COUNTRIES

“DATE/TIME GUIDELINES” COUNTRIES

INTERNATIONAL TIME CONVENTIONS

TIME FORMAT “INTERESTING FACTS”

LOCAL TIME PROTOCOL

INTERNATIONAL TIME PROTOCOL

CONVENTIONAL TIME COUNTRIES

“TELLING TIME” COUNTRIES

“HOW TO TELL TIME” COUNTRIES

“HOW TO TELL TIME” FOREIGN

“HOW TO TELL TIME” LANGUAGES

TIME “IN ANY LANGUAGE”

TIME “IN ANY COUNTRY”

COUNTRIES “TIMEKEEPING” FORMAT

COUNTRIES “REPRESENT TIME AS”

COUNTRIES DISPLAY  “TIME OF DAY” 

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD “TIME NOTATION”

INTERNATIONAL “TIME NOTATION”

INTERNATIONAL DIGITAL “TIME NOTATION”

INTERNATIONAL DISPLAY “TIME NOTATION”

“TYPOGRAPHICAL RULES” TIME “BY COUNTRY”

INTERNATIONAL TIME STANDARDS

CONVENTIONS FOR EXPRESSING TIME

ISO TIME STANDARDS

12-HOUR VS. 24-HOUR CLOCK

DATE AND TIME FORMATS BY COUNTRY CODE

CUSTOMARY TIME FORMATS 

PREVALENCE “24 HOUR CLOCK”

PREVALENCE “24-HR CLOCK”

TIME FORMATS LOCALIZATION

CUSTOMARY APPEARANCE OF TIMES
Subject: Re: 24-hour clock vs. 12-hour clock (am/pm)
From: robertskelton-ga on 24 May 2003 02:34 PDT
 
Even if it is becoming common to write the time in 24hr format, what
out how people say the time. I've never heard anyone say 15 o'clock,
or quarter past 20.
Subject: Re: 24-hour clock vs. 12-hour clock (am/pm)
From: markj-ga on 24 May 2003 07:46 PDT
 
According to this site, 8am is expressed in Swahili as "2 o'clock in
the morning."
Transparent.com: Languages
http://www.transparent.com/languagepages/swahili/overview.htm

Swahili is spoken by at least 47 million people spread among many
countries in east and central Africa:
Swahili Dictionary: FAQ
http://www.yale.edu/swahili/faq.html
Subject: Re: 24-hour clock vs. 12-hour clock (am/pm)
From: mvguy-ga on 24 May 2003 13:46 PDT
 
In Spanish it is common for time to be expressed with the 12-hour
clock in speech but the 24-hour clock in writing, especially with
things such as schedules.  I don't know if that holds true for all
Spanish-speaking countries, but it is true where I've been.
Subject: Re: 24-hour clock vs. 12-hour clock (am/pm)
From: slawek-ga on 24 May 2003 14:54 PDT
 
Good Day,

In Poland and Germany there is no AM / PM, just 24hrs.  If you are
talking to someone at 11:00 (morning) about getting together later
this evening at 8:00 (aka, 20:00), most people would say "Let's get
together at Eight".

Generally items that refer to today would be condensed to 12 hours,
especially if the morning hour already passed (like when talking at 11
in the morning about later today's 8 in the evening)... if you say
lets get together at 8, it can only be 20:00.  Items for future days
would always be in 24hrs, like an "Invitation for June 22, 2003, at
20:00".

As noted above, some things are referred to in 12 hour format, but
only if it is 100% clear if it is morning or after morning.  Hope this
helps vs. confuses.  I've lived with it all my life long, and sort of
"just know it".  It is difficult to condense it to a perfect one
sentance "formula explaination", although I am sure there is a way! :)

Good luck on your search.

Regards,
slawek-ga.

Important Disclaimer: Answers and comments provided on Google Answers are general information, and are not intended to substitute for informed professional medical, psychiatric, psychological, tax, legal, investment, accounting, or other professional advice. Google does not endorse, and expressly disclaims liability for any product, manufacturer, distributor, service or service provider mentioned or any opinion expressed in answers or comments. Please read carefully the Google Answers Terms of Service.

If you feel that you have found inappropriate content, please let us know by emailing us at answers-support@google.com with the question ID listed above. Thank you.
Search Google Answers for
Google Answers  


Google Home - Answers FAQ - Terms of Service - Privacy Policy