what is core-periphery relationship?
 give some example for peripheral regions of the world and core
regions of the world?

Hello Bangmal,
Core-periphery relationship is defined in the first mentioned source
below as "the spatial expression of wider development processes around
the globe and at various scales." Basically the relationship between a
"center" and its surrounding elements. These periphery elements are
often controlled or exploited by the "center".

In world political terms, as a relationship wherein the core area is
something considered more important, given the better stuff, while the
periphery is the other areas that are left or marginalized. It is
related to the concept of "centralization".

One quick example I could pick from my mind would be the former Soviet
Union and its satellite states. Russia would be the core and Ukraine,
Kazahkstan, Afghanistan and other such states forming the periphery.
First world countries are seen and the core, while the periphery would
be made up of third-world countries.

In South Asia, China could be considered the core, while surrounding
states, like India, Nepal, Bhutan and Mongolia would be considered
it's periphery. This is because in South Asia, China comes to mind
first since it has dominance in the area. In world currency exchange,
the US in a way might be the center, since most world currencies are
based on the US Dollar.

Sources:
New World Order - Indiana State University (PDF document)
http://mama.indstate.edu/users/gejdg/nwo.pdf

Some examples of Core-Periphery areas from Oregon State University
website
http://oregonstate.edu/instruction/anth210/coreperiph.html

Core-Periphery Model from Barcelona Field Studies Centre 
http://www.geographyfieldwork.com/CorePeriphery.htm

Core And Periphery in the World Economy: An Empirical Assessment Of
The Integration of the Developing Countries into the World Economy
(PFD document)
http://gias.snu.ac.kr/wthong/IEJ/99winter/w3.pdf


Core-periphery is a model also applied in math, which I assume you are
not after. Below is a document with such as application.

Models of Core-Periphery Structures (Word Document) 
http://www.analytictech.com/borgatti/peripheries.doc


Book:
Core/Periphery Relations in Precapitalist Worlds
http://www.irows.ucr.edu/cd/books/c-p/cprel.htm

Google Search terms:
core periphery relationship
core periphery definition 
core periphery study

I hope this has been a most helpful answer. If you have any problem
with it, do please post a Request for Clarification and I shall
respond. Thank you.

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Request for Answer Clarification by bangmal-ga on 26 May 2003 01:16 PDT

it was my fault to not post the question well.
The relationship between periphery and core has been described as one
of dependency. This dependent pattern often produces "distorted
development" and environmental degradation in the periphery. In the
core, this relationship can produce patterns of  unsustainable
consumption and different kinds of environmental damage.
and what i need to know are the examples for both the peripheral
regions and the core regions.

---

Clarification of Answer by techtor-ga on 27 May 2003 01:03 PDT

Thank you for your request. Please hold on while I try to gather the
requested information.

---

Clarification of Answer by techtor-ga on 27 May 2003 07:37 PDT

Here are Core and Periphery examples that I’ve collected that are
related to the environment, as well as others that might be of help.

The role of agri-environmental indicators in assessing the 'success'
of agri-environmental schemes: towards a framework for evaluation -
King’s College London
http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/schools/hums/geog/phdpapps.htm
- Here’s a study’s abstract that mentions core-periphery views of
certain countries. I suppose considered within the periphery are the
foresters of Burma and the West African savanna systems. Acid rain
policies have been found to have a core-relationship by a certain
researcher named Hajer. In the middle part, core and periphery are
identified in the European scene as political forces (core) and
agri-environmental people (periphery).

Journal of World Systems Research, Volume 3, Number 3 (Fall 1997) 
http://csf.colorado.edu/jwsr/archive/vol3/v3n3a0.htm
- Paper that generally describes the core countries (I’d assume
first-world countries) as those with the surplus in resources. It has
this quote: “The core-periphery aspect of world system theory might
suggest that dependent development also creates more environmental
degradation--large core based multinationals to extracting resources
and destroying the environment.”

The Role of Planning Practices toward Sustainable Urban Environment in
Asia
http://www.iges.or.jp/en/ue/activity/iges-kei/20030304/summary.htm
- You might want to use this as an example. The core of Asian
megacities are exploiting the rural periphery for their business.

Article on “Environmental Dependency” from Pennsylvania State
University
http://www.personal.psu.edu/staff/n/a/nac144/Environmental_Dependency.htm
- Could be helpful.

Contents of a test at Harper College
http://www.harpercollege.edu/mhealy/g101t/studygd/unit1/europe/europe.htm

Environmental Politics Abstracts - Issue 8.4
http://www.frankcass.com/jnls/ep_8-4.htm
- An abstract just in case in might help.

Global Environmental Issues
Module B: World Economic & Social Issues
http:www.bbk.ac.uk/geog/study/courses/gei/GEI1.pdf
- Provides a basic view of a core and periphery view of countries.

Geographical endowment and other tricky phrases for GG4 - Kay's
Geography
http://www.geography.btinternet.co.uk/trickyphrases.htm
- Gives a definition of ‘core’ and ‘periphery’ 

Core-Periphery Model with Forward-Looking Expectations (PDF document)
http://heiwww.unige.ch/~baldwin/papers/CP&fwd_ap00_r2.pdf
- Contains a formula on a core-periphery model (on economics though)
that might be helpful.

Search terms:
core periphery environment
core periphery environmental 

I hope this gave you the examples you need.