Hi ciao!
Thanks, as always, for the fascinating question(s).
1. What is a negative impact of a tsetse fly infestation?
Well, there are many, many negative impacts attributed to the tsetse
fly, a most nasty creature if I've ever heard of one. The following
pages also contain valuable information beyond what I've extracted for
you.
Battling the deadly bite of the tsetse fly
URL: http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9802/28/sudan.sleeping.sickness/
Quotes:
"The tsetse fly feeds on the blood of animals and humans. Its bite can
carry a parasite that will work its way through your body and, if left
untreated, put you on course for a slow, agonizing and certain death."
"And every untreated, undiagnosed human creates a new host for each
uninfected tsetse fly, which means the disease spreads exponentially."
Campaign Launched to Eliminate Tsetse Fly, Which Has Turned Much of
Africa Into a Green Desert
URL: http://www.iaea.or.at/worldatom/Press/P_release/2002/prn0202.shtml
Quotes:
"African sleeping sickness affects as many as 500,000 people, 80
percent of whom eventually die, and the bite of the fly causes more
than $4 billion in economic losses annually."
"The tsetse fly has turned much of the fertile African landscape into
an uninhabited "green desert," spreading sleeping sickness -- and
killing 3 million livestock animals every year."
"Much of Africa's best land -- particularly in river valleys and moist
areas, where the potential for mixed farming is good -- lies
uncultivated, while tsetse free areas face collapse from overuse by
humans."
Four International Organizations Call for United Battle against Tsetse
Fly Diseases
URL: http://www.iaea.or.at/worldatom/Press/News/tsetse_battle.shtml
Quotes:
"According to the joint report, 'An estimated 500,000 people, the
majority of whom may die due to lack of treatment, are already
infected with sleeping sickness.' Nagana, or African Animal
Trypanosomiasis, has a severe impact on African agriculture with
annual losses in cattle production alone valued at as much as $1.2
billion."
"The disease influences where people decide to live, how they manage
their livestock and the intensity of agriculture, the report says.
'The combined effects result in changes in land use and impact on the
environment and they affect human welfare and increase the
vulnerability of agricultural activity.'"
The tsetse fly and its effects on agriculture in sub-saharan Africa
URL: http://www.fao.org/docrep/v8180t/v8180T0s.htm
Quotes:
"Tsetse flies, through the cyclical transmission of trypanosomiasis to
both humans and their animals, greatly influence food production,
natural-resource utilization and the pattern of human settlement
throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that the annual
direct production losses in cattle alone amount to between US$6 000
million and $12 000 million, while animal deaths may reach 3 million."
"These studies revealed that, in the tsetse-infested areas of moist
subhumid regions of Nigeria, village cattle are virtually absent,
despite high population density, land pressure, intensive cereal
cropping and a favourable length of growing period. Therefore, in
otherwise identical agro-ecological sets of circumstances, it is the
presence of tsetse alone that prohibits the keeping of cattle on a
more permanent basis."
2. Where do most people in South Africa live?
There are many different ways to look at data for population density
(i.e., where people live) in South Africa. The following are just a
few:
SOUTH AFRICA - A SUMMARY OF REGIONAL DEMOGRAPHICS
URL: http://www.exinet.co.za/sa_regn.html
Notes: The population numbers are split out by 9 "regions" in S.A.
While the data is from 1994, I am sure that the relative population
amounts are still similar in 2003.
You can also look at this data using a population density map:
MapMachine: Map Theme: Population Density
URL: http://plasma.nationalgeographic.com/mapmachine/print.html?name=Map+Theme:+Population+Density&map=http://redlands.ngi.esri.com/maps/MapM_WorldThematic_bluemap26453629230.gif&leg=http://redlands.ngi.esri.com/maps/MapM_WorldThematic_bluemap26453629231.gif&source=ESRI+ArcAtlas+-+Our+Earth
Population Density
URL: C:\WINDOWS\Temporary Internet
Files\Content.IE5\34GZY2U3\southafrica[1].ppt
Notes: See slide #4.
The following site combines the two above techniques:
POPULATION DENSITY
URL: http://www.environment.gov.za/Enviro-Info/nat/pdens.htm
Notes: See the map at the bottom of the page.
The following site provides a lot of fascinating information about
population distribution.
DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE
URL: http://impuls.kulak.ac.be/south_africa/Mod1_political/summ2.asp
Notes: Check out the data pages accessed by the table icons at the
right of the page.
I hope this information helps with your research.
If you need any clarification of the information I have provided,
please ask using the clarification feature and provide me with
additional details as to what you are looking for. As well, please
allow me to provide you with clarification(s) *before* you rate this
answer.
Thank you.
websearcher-ga
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