Hello again Svdh-ga,
Every year, more than 35 million Americans suffer from sinusitis
(approximate ratio: 1 out of every 7 Americans).
“14% of the American population is affected by sinusitis (report in
June 1997 issue of The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology).”
"A total of 26.7 million outpatient physician, hospital office, and
emergency department encounters were attributed to sinusitis in 1996."
(Healthcare expenditures for sinusitis in 1996 - Journal of Allergy
and Clinical Immunology, March 1999).
"Chronic sinusitis, lasting more than eight to 12 weeks, can
significantly affect worker productivity and school performance on an
individual level." (American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and
Immunology).
“Sinusitis is one of the leading chronic diseases in the United
States. According to the National Academy on an Aging Society, it is
the most common chronic condition among Americans.”
"About 46.9 million prescription and nonprescription medications were
ordered [in 1996 via outpatient office-based physician care for
sinusitis]...including drugs in the following therapeutic classes:
antibiotics (74.5% of all sinusitis encounters), nasal decongestants
(21.6%), and antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics ($14.2%)."
(Heathcare expenditures for sinusitis in 1996 - Journal of Allergy and
Clinical Immunology, March 1999).
“According to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology,
sinusitis is reported "to be one of the most expensive disorders in
the U.S. and its prevalence is on the rise."
"Expenditures attributable to sinusitis totaled $5.78 billion in
1996." (Heathcare expenditures for sinusitis in 1996 - Journal of
Allergy and Clinical Immunology, March 1999).
Sinus News: Article
http://www.sinusnews.com/Articles/sinus-facts-overview.html
“Approximately 37 million Americans suffer from sinusitis every year.
Sinusitis seems to be growing too. According to a survey of consumers
and primary care physicians (published in March 2002), 42 percent of
people surveyed reported having at least one sinus infection in the
last 12 months, compared to 33 percent the previous year. Many also
reported that their sinusitis began with an allergy (39 percent) or
cold (28 percent). The survey is part of a sinusitis public educatio0n
campaign endorsed by the American Academy of Otolaryngology -- Head
and Neck Surgery.”
http://www.sinuspharmacy.com/bigstep1.htm
Health care experts usually divide sinusitis cases into:
- Acute, which lasts for 3 weeks or less
- Chronic, which usually lasts for 3 to 8 weeks but can continue for
months or even years
- Recurrent, which is several acute attacks within a year
“Health care experts estimate that 37 million Americans are affected
by sinusitis every year. Health care workers report 33 million cases
of chronic sinusitis to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention annually. Americans spend millions of dollars each year for
medications that promise relief from their sinus symptoms.”
How is sinusitis treated?
Acute sinusitis
- Decongestants to reduce congestion
- Antibiotics to control a bacterial infection, if present
- Pain relievers to reduce any pain
Chronic Sinusitis
- Steroid nasal sprays to reduce inflammation in chronic sinusitis
- Oral steroids, such as prednisone
NIAID: National Institutes of Health (NIH
http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/sinusitis.htm
Chronic Sinusitis.
“Chronic sinusitis is defined as sinusitis that persists for at least
12 weeks. Occasionally, chronic sinusitis develops because of sinus
blockage. The condition affects an estimated 32 million Americans and
has become a multi-million-dollar industry for pharmaceutical
companies that market symptom-relieving sinus medications.”
Sinus Info Center
http://www.sinusinfocenter.com/sinus_description_chronic.html
According to Dr. Paul SH. Yazbeck:
“Chronic sinusitis afflicts approximately 35 million or 15% of
Americans each year.”
“Sinusitis is more prevalent than arthritis or hypertension.
Chronic sinusitis resulted in approximately 13 million physician
office visits in 1994.”
(. . .)
“In one year (1995), 538,000 sinus surgical procedures were performed
in the United States:
- 475,000 of the procedures were ambulatory (same day surgery); 55,000
were inpatient, requiring an overnight hospital stay.
- 48% of the procedures were performed on patients age 1544. Children
under age 15 accounted for 8% of the procedures; the balance (44%)
were carried out on patients 45 and older.
- Patients in the Northeast (31%) and South (30%) required more sinus
surgical procedures than those in the Midwest (20%) and West (19%).
Women required more sinus surgical procedures than men (52% versus
48%).”
Source: Dr. Paul SH. Yazbeck
http://www.drpaulyazbek.com/practice/nose1.html
“Overall health care expenditures attributable to sinusitis were $5.8
billion, of which 31 percent ($1.8 billion) was for children 12 years
or younger. A primary diagnosis of acute or chronic sinusitis
accounted for 59 percent of all expenditures ($3.5 billion).
March 1999 Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
http://www.ahcpr.gov/research/jun99/ra18.htm
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
MARCH 1999 HIGHLIGHTS
“Sinusitis, an inflammation of the nasal sinuses, is one of the most
commonly reported chronic diseases in the United States, affecting an
estimated 14% of the population. A recent study by researchers in
Bethesda, Md. and Washington, D.C. reveals that in 1996, overall
health care expenditures attributable to sinusitis in the United
States were estimated to be over $5.8 billion. Researchers included
expenditures for cases where sinusitis was the primary and secondary
condition treated. In cases where sinusitis was the secondary
condition, expenses associated with the related airway disease were
deducted from the health care expenditures attributed to sinusitis.
The study indicated that a primary diagnosis of sinusitis accounted
for 58.7% ($3.5 billion) of all expenditures. Nearly 90% of all
expenditures ($5.1 billion) were associated with ambulatory or
emergency department services.”
American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
http://www.aaaai.org/media/news_releases/1999/03/990322.html
Sinusitis: Treatment
Oral Decongestants.
“Oral decongestants also come in many brands, which mainly differ in
their ingredients. The most common active ingredient is
pseudoephedrine (Sudafed, Actifed, Drixoral). The alternative
decongestant, phenylpropanolamine (PPA) was taken off the market.”
Expectorants
“Expectorants, which are drugs that cause mucus to be coughed up from
the lungs and may help promote draining and reduce tissue swelling,
are sometimes recommended for treatment of sinusitis. Expectorants
generally contain ingredients that thin mucus secretions called
mucolytics. The most common mucolytic used is guaifenesin (Breonesin,
Glycotuss, Glytuss, Hytuss, Naldecon Senior EX, Robitussin), which may
cause drowsiness or nausea.”
Antibiotics for Acute Sinusitis
“Sinusitis is the fifth most common diagnosis for antibiotic
prescriptions. And, there is much evidence that antibiotics are
inappropriately prescribed for many patients. Of great concern is the
emergence of common bacteria strains that are now resistant to many
standard antibiotics. One of the primary causes of the increase in
resistant bacteria is the world-wide overuse of antibiotics.”
Reviewed By: Harvey Simon, MD, Editor-in-Chief, Associate Professor of
Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General
Hospital
http://www.morehead.org/wellconnected/000062.html
You may view the table U.S. Prescription Allergy Products Revenues by
Product Type at U.S. Manufacturers Sales Levels, through 2006
($ Billions) here:
http://www.bccresearch.com/editors/RB-156.html
The impact of sinusitis is immense.
Yearly, Americans:
- lose more than 73 million days of work and school,
- spend more than $5 billion,
- visit their physicians more than 12 millions times and receive over
13 million antibiotic prescriptions - due to sinusitis
“Acute sinusitis is treated with oral antibiotics, decongestants,
mucolytic agents (loosens and liquifies sinus mucus) and often steroid
nasal sprays (to reduce inflammation).”
“First Line Oral Antibiotics - Amoxicillin, Bactrim/Septra, Augmentin
Decongestants - Sudafed (often in combination with mucolytic)
Mucolytics - Guaifenesin (Humabid, Mucobid,etc.)
Steroid Sprays - Vancenase, Flonase, etc”.
“Patients who do not improve after a trial of first line antibiotics
may require an extended course of a second line agent (Ceftin,
Augmentin, Cipro, Cefzil, etc.) for 21 days or longer.”
“Chronic sinusitis patients usually must be treated with an
appropriate oral antibiotic for a minimum of 4 to 6 weeks to optimize
a response.”
Source: SinuCare.com
http://www.sinucare.com/content.php?PAGE=SINUSITISAW
Sinusitis Medication Sales
“The largest segment within the OTC allergy and asthma
category is Allergic Rhinitis remedies capturing 46.2 percent
of the market and $837.4 million is revenue.
(. . .)
Second in market standing is Sinusitis remedies accounting for 26.3
percent of sales – $478.3 million. After a five year trend of flat
sales growth, this segment is forecasting a rebound at an annual
compound growth rate of 5.9% with sales estimated to reach $632.5
million by 2006. The dominating brand within this segment is Sudafed.”
The brands rank in sales as follows:
#1 Claritin –$3 billion
#2 Allergra - $1 billion
#3 Zyrtec – $699 million
Source: Action to Allergy by Laura Batts
http://www.ecrm-online.com/Expose/V5_13/16.pdf
There's an excellent table with all cough and cold medicine sales for
all brands - 12 months ending January 2002 here:
http://www.rxconnectsonline.com/allergy-brands.pdf
For example:
SUDAFED
Sales (Units) 1,512,746
Market Share (Units) 6.5%
Sales ($) $10,468,885
Market Share ($) 5.1%
DRIXORAL
Sales (Units) 518,688
Market Share (Units) 2.2%
Sales ($) $3,486,824
Market Share ($) 1.7%
ACTIFED
Sales (Units) 377,998
Market Share (Units) 1.6%
Sales ($) $3,417,498
Market Share ($) 1.7%
http://www.rxconnectsonline.com/allergy-brands.pdf
According to eMedicine.com “annually, Americans spend more than $2
billion purchasing over-the-counter medications to treat the symptoms
of sinusitis”
http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic2555.htm
Acute Sinusitis: A Cost-Effective Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment
L.J. FAGNAN, M.D.,
Oregon Health Sciences University,
Portland, Oregon
This article includes the following tables which address what you
mentioned in your question:
TABLE 3
Vasoconstrictors for Decongestion of the Nasal Mucosa
TABLE 4
Cost of Antibiotic Treatment for Community-Acquired Acute Sinusitis
(Due to copyright reasons I couldn’t paste the tables here.)
Source: The American Academy of Family Physicians
http://www.aafp.org/afp/981115ap/fagnan.html
The systemic antihistamine (class R6A) market was the world's 11th
largest in 2000, worth $5.5 billion, and with growth of 18% over 1999
in US dollar terms, according to IMS HEALTH's World Review.
In the world's 13 leading retail markets, tracked by IMS HEALTH's
Monthly MIDAS system, Claritin (loratadine) has a 39.1% market share,
followed by Zyrtec (cetirizine) with 21.0%. Pfizer markets Zyrtec in
North America. Ranked third is Allegra/Telfast (fexofenadine), with a
15.8% market share in the Monthly MIDAS universe.
Source: IMS HEALTH
http://www.ims-global.com/insight/news_story/0104/news_story_010420.htm
"The average total direct charge for patients receiving a first-line
antibiotic was $68.98 and a second-line antibiotic was $135.17, a
difference of $66.19 (95% CI, $64.95-$67.43; P<.001). This difference
was due entirely to the difference in charge of antibiotics and not
other charges, such as professional fees, laboratory tests, or
emergency department visits. CONCLUSIONS: Patients treated with a
first-line antibiotic for acute uncomplicated sinusitis did not have
clinically significant differences in outcomes vs those treated with a
second-line antibiotic. However, cost of care was significantly higher
for patients treated with a second-line antibiotic."
Source: Medline
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11597286&dopt=Abstract
Chronic Sinusitis ranks number five in Diagnoses for Under 50 Group by
Prescriptions in the United States.
http://www.ims-global.com/insight/news_story/0101/news_story_010123.htm
Worldwide:
“Chronic sinusitis is prevalent and a common disease worldwide. It is
particularly more frequent in places where the atmospheric pollution
levels are high. Damp, temperate climates along with higher
concentrations of pollens are associated with higher prevalence of
this disease in the northern hemisphere.”
Source: Background Information about Sinusitis by Carlos R. Rivera,
M.D.
http://www.4yourallergy.com/4yourallergy.html
Incidence UK
“Sinusitis is a common condition, 16 per cent of adults stated that
they had had it within the last year and 6 per cent had reported it
within the last two-week period. There is no sex differentiation.”
http://www.dotpharmacy.co.uk/upcold2.html
Search Criteria:
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I hope this helps. If anything is unclear please request clarification
and I'll be glad to offer further assistance before you rate my answer
and close the question.
Best Regards,
Bobbie7-ga |
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