You'll find an excellent explanation of the meaning of the term "amps"
at the How Stuff Works site:
How Stuff Works
http://www.howstuffworks.com/question501.htm
Most home appliances have a panel or sticker (usually on the back or
underside) that gives their power ratings, sometimes in watts,
sometimes in amps. Conversion is simple: Amps = Watts ÷ (Volts x Power
Factor). In the United States, house current is 110 volts.
Here's a brief explanation of the term "power factor":
"Power factor is the ratio of true power or watts to apparent power or
volt amps. They are identical only when current and voltage are in
phase than the power factor is 1.0. The power in an ac circuit is very
seldom equal to the direct product of the volts and amperes. In order
to find the power of a single phase ac circuit the product of volts
and amperes must be multiplied by the power factor. Ampmeters and
voltmeters indicate the effective value of amps and volts. True power
or watts can be measured with a wattmeter. If the true power is 1870
watts and the volt amp reading is 2200. Than the power factor is 0.85
or 85 percent. True power divided by apparent power. The power factor
is expressed in decimal or percentage. Thus power factors of 0.8 are
the same as 80 percent. Low power factor is usually associated with
motors and transformers. An incandescent bulb would have a power
factor of close to 1.0. A one hp motor about 0.80. With low power
factor loads, the current flowing through electrical system components
is higher than necessary to do the required work. This results in
excess heating, which can damage or shorten the life of equipment, A
low power factor can also cause low-voltage conditions, resulting in
dimming of lights and sluggish motor operation. Low power factor is
usually not that much of a problem in residential homes."
Free Electrical Answers by MaRoSteph
http://members.tripod.com/~masterslic/FAQ-2/22.html
Here you will find a chart that can help you to determine the power
factor of your appliance (on page 23 of the document):
http://www.energy.ca.gov/reports/2002-01-11_600-00-039/600-00-039_NOAPPENDICES.PDF
Assume you have a television set that pulls 200 watts. Using 110-volt
house current, the set uses approximately 3.19 amps: 200 divided by
62.7. The 62.7 was derived by multiplying 110 (volts, your house
current) by .57 (the typical power factor for a television, from the
chart above). You could run 12 of these television sets on a 40-amp
circuit. (My older Magnavox 27-inch color television is rated at
exactly 2 amps, which makes the calculations much easier!)
Here is a chart that lists household appliances, and the typical
wattages that they use:
Airconditioner (evaporative) 275
Airconditioner (refrig) 1000-2500
Clothes Dryer 2400
Coffee Percolator 540
Cooker 3000
Deep Freeze 400
Dishwasher 1000-3000
Domestic Water Pump 500
Electric Motor .25 hp 187
Electric Motor .50 hp 375
Electric Motor 1hp 750
Electric Motor 2 hp 1500
Exhaust Fan 40
Food Mixer 150
Frypan 1350
Hair Dryer 1350-2200
Hot Water System 2500-3500
Iron 900-1200
Kettle 1600-3000
Lights 25-200
Radio 60
Radiator 1000-2500
Refrigerator 200-500
Space Heater 2400
Stove 7000-10000
Television 200
Toaster 750-1250
Vacuum Cleaner 500-1000
Washing Machine (hot water) 3000
Washing Machine (cold water) 500
Crommelins
http://www.crommelins.com.au/Generators.pdf
Here's a much longer list:
REA Energy Cooperative
http://www.reaenergy.com/energy_using.htm
Other, similar lists that take into account the additional starting
wattage of certain kinds of appliances:
Power Protection Online
http://216.239.41.100/search?q=cache:-Fn_B-IEsW8J:www.powerprotectiononline.org/powergeneration/homewattage.shtml
Yamaha Motor
http://www.yamaha-motor.com/products/gen/sizing.html
How Stuff Works
http://www.friesen.com/manuals/powerneeds.asp
Here is a list of appliances and their typical power factors that I
got from an engineer (sorry, I can't find an online source for this):
Light bulb 0.99
Compact Fluorescent Bulb 0.63
Compact Fluorescent Light 0.59
Light Dimmer 0.73
Electronic Ballast 0.63
Vacuum Cleaner 0.98
Portable Heater 1.00
House Fan ( High Speed ) 0.80
House Fan ( Low Speed ) 0.50
Hair Dryer ( High Power) 1.00
Hair Dryer ( Low Power ) 0.91
Garbage Disposal Unit 0.87
Drill 0.96
Garage Door Opener 0.95
Heat Pump ( Low Power ) 0.93
Heat Pump ( Medium Power ) 0.78
Heat Pump ( High Power ) 0.95
Water Pump 0.78
Water Heater 1.0
Air Conditioner 0.97
Washing Machine 0.54
Washing Machine ( Spin ) 0.56
Drier 1.0
Refrigerator 1.0
Oven 1.0
Range 1.0
Dish Washer 0.97
Mixer (High Power) 0.99
Mixer ( Low Power) 0.60
Coffee Maker 1.0
Microwave 0.97
Toaster 1.0
Television Set 0.57
VCR 0.85
Cassette Player 0.53
CD Player 0.78
Stereo 0.76
Satellite Dish 0.53
Hard Disk Drive 0.59
Monitor 0.61
Scanner 0.62
Printer 0.74
Photo Copier (at start) 1.0
Photo Copier ( at end) 0.79
FAX Machine 0.62
Answering Machine 0.71
Uninterruptible Power Supply 0.80
I hope this helps! If anything is unclear, or if a link does not
function, please request clarification; I'll be glad to offer further
assistance before you rate my answer.
Best wishes,
pinkfreud |
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