I would like to build a computer using a small case. I have RAM, a
CDRW, and a Hard Drive, and I need help selecting the case. I want a
black one, preferably with a handle (like the one in eBay's auction
3425245792 that is ending imminently.) It should have many interfaces
on the front (USB, Firewire, sound, video, etc.) as well as the back.
I also need a motherboard, CPU, and power supply, ideally included
with the case. The computer will be used minimally for home
applications, mostly for playing from my 200GB of excellent MP3 music.

What are the naming standards for cases? Mini ITX? Shuttle? Cappucino?
Are there any big name sites (reputable) with easy-to-use interfaces
that carry the cases for which I search?
Will support for smaller motherboards like this always be available?
Am I missing anything?

Thank you for your time.

From past experience I've found http://www.newegg.com to be a very
reputable site for computer hardware and electronics stuff - their
site is pretty easy to navagate if you know what you're looking for.
Here's their cases page :
http://www.newegg.com/app/manufactory.asp?catalog=7&DEPA=1

you'll notice at the bottom they have cases listed by
form-factor/size. You'll want to be looking in Mini-ITX Desktop,
MicroATX-Desktop, FlexATX-Mini Tower, and MicroATX-Mini Tower. It all
depends on what size you want it to be (some of those will be smaller
than others).

The closest I found to what you suggested was this :
http://www.newegg.com/app/ViewProduct.asp?catalog=7&DEPA=1&submit=property&mfrcode=0&propertycode=&propertycodevalue=4642,3164,4401
as it has all the ports on the front. But you should still look around
in the categories above, as there are a few that come close to what
you need - e.g. handle, black, but no front ports.

As for CPU and motherboard, you can look at newegg or just look on
google for a motherboard that fits the case you chose. you'll want to
find a CPU that is supported by the motherboard, so I suggest you find
a motherboard first.You want to make sure your motherboard and power
supply were made to fit the form factor of the case you want (e.g.
MiniITX) - so they'll physically fit in the case.

It sounds like youre searching for a 'Barebone' case.
Try looking round on the net. You'll find some more information with this keyword.