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Q: English translation of Septuagint and Targums ( Answered 5 out of 5 stars,   6 Comments )
Question  
Subject: English translation of Septuagint and Targums
Category: Miscellaneous
Asked by: slorose-ga
List Price: $10.00
Posted: 06 Sep 2003 19:01 PDT
Expires: 06 Oct 2003 19:01 PDT
Question ID: 253052
Genesis 3:15 Translation into English from the Septuagint and the
Targums by a scholar neither  Christian nor Jewish interpretation.

Request for Question Clarification by hummer-ga on 07 Sep 2003 12:26 PDT
Hi slorose,

Is this what you have in mind?

The Greek translation (the Septuagint): 

Definition:
LXX = Septuagint: the pre-Christian translation of the Hebrew Bible
into Greek, considered authoritative by the early Church and the
eastern Churches:
http://www2.bc.edu/~langerr/GEN1-3.htm

Book:
"The Septuagint Version of the Old Testament with an English
Translation"
by Sir Lancelot Brenton:
http://www.ccel.org/b/brenton/lxx/htm/TOC.htm

Online text:
Genesis:
http://www.ccel.org/b/brenton/lxx/htm/ii.htm#ii

New project:
NETS: New English Translation of the Septuagint:
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/nets/


The Aramaic translations (the Targums):

Book:
"Etheridge, J.
Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch (2 vol
set)
[Paperback; volumes 2; pp. 580 + 688; size 6 x 9 in; Forthcoming (from
the 1875 ed.); Book No. 2002-66.] . One of the earliest English
translations of the Aramaic version of the Hebrew Pentateuch."
http://dogbert.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=150156954

Thanks,
hummer

Clarification of Question by slorose-ga on 19 Sep 2003 14:33 PDT
hummer tried to help but the reply on the Septuagint was from a
Christian source and that on the targum was an advertisement for the
book for sale.
pugwash used this opportunity to evangelize. which I resent. his/her
answer did not meet the requirements of the question . Perhaps hummer
can be of further help. I've been looking for a responsive answer ,
one not influenced by the prejudices of the source, without success.
Pugwash should not be paid for his/her reply. I do want a schlolarly
unprejudiced reply. Sorry for the delay in replying. Will someone keep
looking?
slorose

Request for Question Clarification by hummer-ga on 19 Sep 2003 15:38 PDT
Hi again, slorose,

I was glad to hear from you again as I was wondering how you were
making out. Sorry to hear the Septuagint is from a Christian source -
it looked quite hopeful to me. I couldn't find the Targum at all,
except in book form, so you may have to go that route.
In regards to pugwash, he/she is not a Google Researcher so you have
no need to worry - he/she was just posting a comment.  Researcher's
"names" are in the form of an underlined link, all other "names" are
just black.
I'll have another look, slorose, along with other researchers, I'm
sure.

Take care,
hummer
Answer  
Subject: Re: English translation of Septuagint and Targums
Answered By: hummer-ga on 01 Oct 2003 17:27 PDT
Rated:5 out of 5 stars
 
Hello again slorose,

How thoughtful of you to think of me, I am touched.  I'm sorry none of
us here at Google Answers were able to find what you are looking for.
I did try again without success but I'll send along some links that we
found today - even if they aren't "it", perhaps some will be useful.
 
This is about as academic as you can get! 
1) MORPHOLOGICALLY ANALYZED SEPTUANGINT. 8-)

UPenn Religious Texts and  Resources:
CCAT: Biblical: Morphologically Analyzed...
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rs/texts.html

To access the gopher, go here:

UPenn gopher index: Morphologically Analyzed Septuangint:
...religion > biblical > lxxmorph > 01.Gen.1mlxx > (scroll to) "Gen
3:15":
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/gopher/text/

UPenn Contact:
201 Logan Hall
249 S. 36th Street
The University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6304
E-Mail: rstudies@mail.sas.upenn.edu
Telephone: (215) 898-7453
FAX: (215) 898-6568

2) NETS: Due to be finished in 2005:

"Comments to the Panel on Modern Translations of the Septuagint
(Congress of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate
Studies, Oslo, 31 July, 1998) by Natalio Fernandez Marcos and Arie van
der Kooij on *A New English Translation of the Septuagint.*"
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/nets/discussion/oslo-discussion

NETS Translation Manual:
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~pietersm/manual.html

New English Translation of the Septuagint (NETS) - general intro:
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/nets/intro/intro.html

3) FORUMS

The Biblical Greek Mailing List:
"Our main focus is upon understanding the Greek text of the Bible."
"...ongoing conversation by an eclectic group of beginning students
and veteran teachers...and academic scholars"
"Some topics ordinarily discussed on B-Greek are:
The Greek language of the Bible and related texts such as the Greek O
(Septuagint/LXX)"
http://www.ibiblio.org/bgreek/

Septuagint & old greek studies discussion list ...faq/biblio:
http://students.cua.edu/16kalvesmaki/lxx/LXXFAQ.htm

4) BOOKS (at your library or inter-library loan?)

Hebrew Bible / Old Testament: The History of its Interpretation
edited by Magne Saebo,in cooperation with Chris Brekelmans and Menahem
Haran.
Volume I: From the Beginnings to the Middle Ages (Until 1300)
Goettingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1996 [summer] ISBN3-525-53636-4

"2.3. The Interpretative Character and Significance of the Septuagint
Version
      By JOHN W. WEVERS, Toronto

      0. Terminology
      1. The Question of 'Interpretative Character
      2. Differences in Length of Some Hebrew and Greek Texts
      3. Different Translators and Recensions
      4. Different Groups of Renderings 
      5. The General Interpretative Character of Greek Pentateuch
      6. The Specific Character of Genesis in the Septuagint
      0. Introduction
      1. Quotations - Allusions - the Language of the Septuagint

8.5. The Targums: Their Interpretative Character and Their Place in
Jewish Text    Tradition
     By E/TAN LEVINE, Haifa 

     1. The Background of Targum
     2. Public Declamation of Targum
     3. Exegesis in the Targum
     4. The Dating of Texts
     5. The 'Official' Targum
     6. The 'Palestinian' Targum Texts
     7. The Afterlife of the Targum
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/gopher/other/courses/rels/735/scripture/hbottc.txt

The Analytical Lexicon to the Septuagint: A Complete Parsing Guide:
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0310535409/ref=ase_tribunalbooks/103-4895224-7338206

Septuagint With Apocrypha: Greek and English:
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0310204305/ref=pd_sim_books_1/103-4895224-7338206?v=glance&s=books#product-details

Grammar of Septuagint Greek: With Selected Readings, Vocabularies, and
Updated Indexes:
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1565631501/ref=pd_sim_books_3/103-4895224-7338206?v=glance&s=books

5) GENERAL RESOURCES

GUIDE TO BIBLICAL RESEARCH: Many refs in re: textual criticism:
http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~jtigay/guide.html

Note: William H.C. Propp, in the above paper, sites the Brenton
translation which I mentioned in my first clarification request.
"If you do not yet know Greek, you can check the translation of Sir
Lancelot C. Brenton, The Septuagint version of the Old Testament. With
an English Translation, and  with various readings and critical notes
(JANES, BS742 B74 1971), but the text is uncritical. (The English
translation alone, without the Greek, is found at
http://www.ccel.org/bible/brenton/)."
http://www.ccel.org/b/brenton/lxx/htm/TOC.htm 

The Bible: A History of Composition and Interpretation: historical
critical traditions, theories of meaning and interpretation...(a map
of the minefields):
"the philosophical field that studies how humans interpret things is
called 'hermeneutics'":
http://www.tncc.vccs.edu/faculty/longt/REL200/intro-comp-interp.htm

Possible people (academics) to contact? ...conference attendees:
http://arts-sciences.cua.edu/ecs/Conference/speakers.cfm

Bibliographic introduction to old testament study:
http://www.library.yale.edu/div/ottools.htm

A Resource for Ancient Greek Scholars:
http://www.pnc.com.au/~adjlstrong/

LXX resources (links):
http://faculty.bbc.edu/rdecker/lxx.htm

List of Links:
http://bmats.edu/library/library_int_othebrew.htm

List main page:
http://students.cua.edu/16kalvesmaki/lxx/lxxlist.htm

Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint/Scriptural Study:
Bibliography::
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rs/rak/catssbibliog.html

Bulletin of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate
Studie (BIOSCS):
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/ioscs/bulletin/index.html

If you're going to continue with your search on Google, do an Advanced
Search and limit your returns to .edu.

septuagint targums "old testament" site:.edu   --->197 returns
septuagint  "old testament" site:.edu   --->3020 returns
targums "old testament" site:.edu   --->365 returns
septuagint targums genesis "old testament" site:.edu   --->141 returns

Good luck on your quest, slorose. If one of the above turns out well,
please let me know.

Sincerely,
hummer

Clarification of Answer by hummer-ga on 01 Oct 2003 17:42 PDT
Two more -

The Septuagint:
Theological and Academic Resources for the Study of the Septuagint and
Old Greek Versions:
http://students.cua.edu/16kalvesmaki/lxx/index.htm

Septuagintal Bibliography - Articles (1949-1998):
"308. Vorster, Willem S. "The Messianic Interpretation of Genesis 3:15
: a Methodological Problem." Studies in Wisdom Literature., 108-18.
Hercules, South Africa: N H W Press, 1981."
http://students.cua.edu/16kalvesmaki/lxx/BibArtD.htm

We'll try to stop now...  8-)

Clarification of Answer by hummer-ga on 01 Oct 2003 18:34 PDT
The first book that I've listed under 4) below, is for sale from the
publisher.

Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, publishers of Hebrew Bible / Old Testament:
Antiquity, Part1 ...in German, search by ISBN 3525536364  847 p, 112
Euros
Click on "Suche", search for "Hebrew Bible", click on "info" of the
MIDDLE AGES to view some info:
http://www.vandenhoeck-ruprecht.de/vandenhoeck/main.html

Genesis 3:15 in Maori 
Diatheke online bible:
db search fields for verse, check-offs for texts, commentaries,
lexicons
http://www.bibletechnologieswg.org/cgi-bin/diatheke.pl
slorose-ga rated this answer:5 out of 5 stars and gave an additional tip of: $10.00
hummer's research is excellentI. The latest reply--01 Oct is
completely satisfactory.
No further replies are requested. Thank you.

Comments  
Subject: Re: English translation of Septuagint and Targums
From: pugwashjw-ga on 07 Sep 2003 01:07 PDT
 
Second Peter chapter 1 verse 20. "For you know this first, that no
prophecy of Scripture springs from any private interpretation". God
himself will ensure that HIS word to us, the Bible , will not suffer
from any mis-interpretations. Look at how little the scriptures found
on the Dead Sea Scrolls, differ from our present modern Bible. It
still states " You will NOT kill. And the other commandments. Genesis
3;15 states there will be conflict between "You" and the "Woman". The
"You" is Satan the devil, as the serpent in the garden of Eden.
The "Woman" is the heavenly "Bride" or organization of Jesus Christ.
These are the 144,000 mentioned in Revelation 14;1. Verse 3 says that
these are the ones bought from the earth...paid for...not brought or
carried. Jesus paid for these with his blood. Genesis 3;15 says there
will be enmity, hatred, between the "seed" of Satan and the "seed" of
the 144,000. The seed of Satan includes anyone not doing what God
requires. Alternatively, the other seed are those properly doing what
god wants them to. The final words of this scripture indicate that
"HE" Jesus,will bruise Satan in the head, a deathdealing blow, while
Satan will bruise "Him", Jesus, in the heel, a non-lethal blow. This
happened when Jesus was put to death by Satan`s followers, the Jewish
Sanhedrin and the Romans, from Governor to soldier, but then
resurrected on the third day by his Father, God himself. Jesus and his
Father are two separate individuals proved by the scriptures. Proverbs
8;30..Then I came to be beside HIM as a master worker...John 1;18.. No
man has seen God at ANY time, the only begotten ...god...[ Jesus being
a lesser god ] who is in the bosom position with the Father, is the
one that has explained HIM. It is not possible to take any Bible
scripture solely on its own. It must be in harmony with the whole.
Subject: Re: English translation of Septuagint and Targums
From: slorose-ga on 07 Sep 2003 08:47 PDT
 
pugwashjw--your reply is of no value.If you read a Hebrew Bible you
will find different wording. I do not want a Christian reply. Please
don't bother to reply
Subject: Re: English translation of Septuagint and Targums
From: slorose-ga on 07 Sep 2003 17:17 PDT
 
hummer--thanks for your reply. I had found very different wording when
comparing the Hebrew Bible based on the Leningrad Codex with the King
James and NIV.
Therefore my search for origiinal sources.
I will reply to your message after I can study your links re: Genesis
3:15
If you read both of the above you will understand my reasons.
Subject: Re: English translation of Septuagint and Targums
From: slorose-ga on 01 Oct 2003 11:06 PDT
 
hummer--thanks for your effortsI I  think you have gone as far as you
can (unless some other researcher comes up with something). I'm
willing to close at this point and pay you for your time and
research.After all the $10 is  little enough for your taking time to
look into this and reply.
Thanks, slorose
Subject: Re: English translation of Septuagint and Targums
From: hummer-ga on 07 Oct 2003 08:14 PDT
 
Dear slorose,

Thank you for your kindness - I'm glad to hear you found our research useful.

Take care,
hummer
Subject: Re: English translation of Septuagint and Targums
From: jnothman-ga on 24 Nov 2003 22:35 PST
 
I am still unsure of what the question is; it was stated very vaguely,
but feel that Targums have not been addressed properly.

The Targums are generally Aramaic translations of the Pentateuch, in
particular, usually of early Jewish authorship, and were written prior
to the Septuagint.

The translation of Targum Onkelos is most familiar, and his
translation is available in the Aramaic / Hebrew lettering at
http://www.mechon-mamre.org/i/t/k/q/q0.htm

The translation for Gen 3:15's second half seems to not be literal,
but I am not about to pull out an Aramaic dictionary unless it's
necessary.

- Joel

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