Summary of Findings
I hope this summary or the citations below prove helpful.
The martensitic reaction is characterised by a lattice invariant
shear, a lattice deformation, and a solid body rotation. This results
in a total shape change in the martensite.
http://www.geocities.com/markbutlin/thesis/thesis.html
it is suggested that the first step corresponds to the reverse
transformation of the martensite stabilized by the increase in
D03-type or order, and the second step corresponds to the reverse
transformation of the martensite stabilized mainly by vacancy pinning
http://www.iop.org/EJ/sview/-link=1976980/0953-8984/12/5/102/5?format=html
There is highly symmetrical structure – austenite (analogy of steel)
and
structure with less symmetrical crystalline organization
(orthorhombic, tetragonal) –
martensite. More types of martensite can arise from one austenite
structure during martensite
transformation. But reverse martensite transformation is only to the
one austenite type. The
martensite transformation is non-symmetrical due to three-dimensional
crystalline structure.
Non-symmetrical effect of the transformation is observed mainly in
push – pull operation of
the SMA
http://216.239.37.104/search?q=cache:M0YhgK4dB5oJ:www.fs.vsb.cz/akce/2003/asr2003/Proceedings/papers/363.pdf+%22reverse+martensite+transformation+%22++%22shape+memory+alloys%22&hl=en&ie=UTF-8
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I explain the search strategy in detail as you may find it useful in
the future.
My actions are prefaced with ****
search strategy, type the following into Google:
"reverse martensite transformation " review article "shape memory
alloys"
****This brought up a single paper.
Microstructure of CuZnAlMnNi shape memory alloy due to double
reversible transformations
Yu-Jun Bai, Gui-Li Geng, Dong-Sheng Sun, Xiu-Fang Bian and Shou-Ren
Wang
http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/0953-8984/12/5/102/cm12005l2.html
****From this paper, I looked at the first 5 references given.
[1]
Geng Gui-li, Bai Yu-jun and Peng Qi-feng 1996 Acta Metall. Sin. 9 56
[2]
Geng Gui-li and Bai Yu-jun 1996 Trans. Met. Heat Treatment 17 47
[3]
Lipe T and Morris M A 1995 Acta Metall. Mater. 43 1293
[4]
Huang Q Z, Qi L and Lin G M 1991 Scr. Metall. Mater. 25 921
[5]
Suzuki T, Kojima R, Fujii Y and Nagasawa A 1989 Acta Metall. 37 163
****I then clicked on the hyperlink to each abstract
http://www.iop.org/EJ/sview/-link=1976980/0953-8984/12/5/102/5?format=html
Title: Reverse transformation behaviour of the stabilized martensite
in Cu-Zn-Al alloy
Author(s): T. Suzuki, R. Kojima, Y. Fujii and A. Nagasawa
Publication date: Jan. 1989 Volume: 37 Start page: 163
Publication: Acta Metallurgica
Abstract: The reverse transformation behaviour of the stabilized
martensite in Cu-10 at.%Zn-19 at.%Al alloy has been studied by
measurements of the electrical resistivity and X-ray diffraction. It
has been observed that the stabilized martensite reverts to the parent
phase via a two step process at 523 and 670 K on heating. From X-ray
results, it is suggested that the first step corresponds to the
reverse transformation of the martensite stabilized by the increase in
D03-type or order, and the second step corresponds to the reverse
transformation of the martensite stabilized mainly by vacancy pinning.
Moreover, it is shown that the ordered structure of the stabilized
martensite changes from the D03-type to B2-type at about 623 K, which
leads to the conclusion that the martensite preserves the D03 to B2
transformation characteristic inherited from the parent beta -phase
http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=ftslink&action=reflink&origin=iopp&version=1.0&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3MXitFWqu7g%253D&pissn=0953-8984&md5=7f444c340aac8f93f42725c56727d23c
Reverse transformation of martensite in a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy
Huang, Q. Z.; Qi, L.; Lin, G. M.
Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia (1991), 25(4), 921-3 CODEN: SCRMEX;
ISSN: 0956-716X. English.
DSC measurements in heating of Cu-21Zn-6%Al showed an endothermic
peaks at <400 and at 558K corresponding to the thermoelastic
transition of martensite M18R to D03 and the formation of bainite, B,
resp. The presence of stabilized martensite affected the reverse
transformation at low temperature, the degree of reversibility, and
the process of the B formation. Step annealing and x-ray diffraction
anal. suggests the following sequence for the B formation from M18R
and M9R martensites: M19R ® D03 ® B2 + B and M18R + M9R ® D03 + M9R ®
B2 + B.
****I then searched Google again, with the following string
"reverse martensite transformation " "shape memory alloys"
And came across this useful articles
Uncommon Actuators For Robotics – Shape Memory Alloy
http://216.239.37.104/search?q=cache:M0YhgK4dB5oJ:www.fs.vsb.cz/akce/2003/asr2003/Proceedings/papers/363.pdf+%22reverse+martensite+transformation+%22++%22shape+memory+alloys%22&hl=en&ie=UTF-8
AFM Examination of the Surface Relief Produced by the Beta to Beta1'
Martensite Transformation in Cu-Al-Ni Alloy
http://www.geocities.com/markbutlin/thesis/thesis.html
The martensitic reaction is characterised by a lattice invariant
shear, a lattice deformation, and a solid body rotation. This results
in a total shape change in the martensite. |
