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Q: Perfume bottle ( No Answer,   2 Comments )
Question  
Subject: Perfume bottle
Category: Business and Money > Advertising and Marketing
Asked by: lindstrom-ga
List Price: $10.00
Posted: 22 Dec 2003 20:18 PST
Expires: 28 Dec 2003 01:27 PST
Question ID: 289643
I'm looking for some statistics related to the design of perfume bottles.
How effective is the design in terms of persauding consumers to try
one bottle instead of another. I'm looking for statistics and possible
articles which can shed some light on the strategies behind this
concept and the effect of this.

Good luck,

Martin

Request for Question Clarification by journalist-ga on 27 Dec 2003 06:38 PST
Welcome back, Lindstrom, and I hope your holidays were joyous!  I've
been wondering if my research below is in line with what you are
looking for.  If so, I'll continue along those lines.

Best regards,
journalist-ga
Answer  
There is no answer at this time.

Comments  
Subject: Re: Perfume bottle
From: pinkfreud-ga on 22 Dec 2003 22:02 PST
 
Hello again, Martin!

I have found a fascinating study of perfume bottle design which
provides much detail (including color photos) and historical
retrospectives from 1968 through 1994:

Perfume Bottles: a Study of Contemporary Material Culture: Design and
Advertisements
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/history/material_culture/gomes/preamble.html

Perfume Bottles: a Study of Contemporary Material Culture: Summary of
Results Advertisements
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/history/material_culture/gomes/results.html

Perfume Bottles: a Study of Contemporary Material Culture: Results
Based on 1968 Advertisements
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/history/material_culture/gomes/1968.html

Perfume Bottles: a Study of Contemporary Material Culture: Results
Based on 1974 Advertisements
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/history/material_culture/gomes/1974.html

Perfume Bottles: a Study of Contemporary Material Culture: Results
Based on 1985 Advertisements
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/history/material_culture/gomes/1985.html

Perfume Bottles: a Study of Contemporary Material Culture: Results
Based on 1994 Advertisements
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/history/material_culture/gomes/1994.html

Here are two articles about the packaging of perfumes:

Packworld: Essence of Success
http://www.packworld.com/articles/Features/2901.html

Packaging Digest: Perfume bottle design, decoration is magnifique!
http://www.packagingdigest.com/articles/200305/68.html

From a series of articles on the history of perfume bottles:

"The 1910's brought a new tradition in perfume bottles. The emergence
of psychology and new perfume creations led to much more complex
perfume bottles and names. The power of suggestion and dreams was
having a huge effect on cultures in general, and perfumes were also
effected. Perfumes were being marketed for specific times of day,
seasons, and people."

Perfumes.com: Bottles, 1800
http://uk.perfume.perfumes.com/eng/bottles_1800.htm

"The 1920's brought a new era to perfumes. After World War I, many
American Soldiers brought perfumes back to the states from Paris, and
greatly increased the perfume market. The perfume industry expanded
rapidly, and many new perfume companies emerged. Many fashion
designers entered the perfume industry. Most of these designers knew
very little about creating a good perfume, but they did know about
style. The visual presentation of the perfume became vital to a
successful perfume."

Perfumes.com: Bottles, 1920
http://uk.perfume.perfumes.com/eng/bottles_1920.htm

"With the stock market crash of 1929, and the depression that
devastated the United States, the perfume market slowed down
dramatically. There remained a more limited demand in Paris, and only
the strongest companies such as Baccarat, and Brosse and Lalique were
able to continue. The bottles became less elaborate, tended to be
conservative and were often machine made. Perfume bottles were less
frequently inspired by nature, and more often reflected Hollywood
movies and metropolitan cities."

Perfumes.com: Bottles, 1930
http://uk.perfume.perfumes.com/eng/bottles_1930.htm

"Modern day perfume bottles are expected to give the feel of the
fragrance. The bottle is the first point of contact a person with a
perfume, and often determines if the perfume will be purchased."

Perfumes.com: Bottles, Modern Day
http://uk.perfume.perfumes.com/eng/bottles_modern.htm 

A book entitled "Art of Perfume: Discovering and Collecting Perfume
Bottles," by Christie Mayer Lefkowith, might be of some interest to
you:

"As the author points out in this detailed history, serious attention
is also given to the selection of a name (which carries its own
cachet), the design of the label, the bottle, the stopper, ornaments
that might be affixed to it, and the box in which it is packaged.
Often, this multimedia art form represents the work of well-known
artists, designers, and couturiers."

Amazon: Art of Perfume: Discovering and Collecting Perfume Bottles
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0500280444/

An interesting statistic:

"Market research shows that 70% [of] people have already decided to
buy a given fragrance based on the advertising, long before they open
the bottle and smell it."

BBC: Ten Secrets Of The Wonderful Word Of Perfume
http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/classic/A144910

One of the best examples of perfume bottles as a sales tool is the
success of Avon fragrances. I've never met a woman who liked Avon's
perfumes, but I have known dozens of women who bought them (sometimes
in quantity) in order to save the bottles.

I thought that some of this material might be of use. Other than the
last link, I could not find any hard statistics for you. I hope
someone else can help.
Subject: Re: Perfume bottle
From: journalist-ga on 23 Dec 2003 20:01 PST
 
Greetings Lindstrom:

EXAMPLE 1:

"The human torso, particularly the female torso, is an easily
recognizable shape. The basic proportions of the torso, wider than it
is deep, with a ratio of shoulder to waist to hip dimensions create a
familiar form. These proportions: 3-2-3 are presented as a measure of
perfection for the ideal female torso in mainstream Western culture.
Many bottles have these proportions scaled down, with the bottle-neck
leading up to a bottle cap for a head. These anthropomorphic bottles
serve to create a shape for the shapeless liquid products inside.
Three bottles with human torso designs are shown in Figure 2. The two
Gaultier perfume bottles(left) tend toward the seductive side of
anthropomorphic bottle design. They appear sexualized in lingerie,
with some detail in the breast and pubic areas. The Ivory soap bottle
(right) is the most recent update on decades of anthropomorphic dish
soap bottle designs"

"These anthropomorphic bottle forms serve similar design goals; they
maintain conventions. For the perfume, the form reinforces the
sensuality inherent in the contents with visual and tactile
sensuality. That perfume is sexual or sensual is a centuries old
notion, these bottles reinforce the idea. For the soap, the form
connects the contemporary design to the decades of anthropomorphic
liquid dish soap bottles that came before. It may also further a
gender bias that dish soap is for ?women?s work"

From http://www.peopleandrobots.org/pubs/Anthopomorphic.pdf

*********

The Kinesthetics of Packaging: Its Connotative Domain
by Ravi Poovaiah, Professor, Industrial Design Centre, IIT Bombay
"Nina Ricci's perfume bottle with a glass cork that appears in the
shape of a winged bird definitely makes the whole thing ethereal - the
bottle, the perfume, as well as the final getup."
From http://www.idc.iitb.ac.in/ravi/papers/package1.html

*********

Packaging design differentiates, defines 
J. Roy Parcels, Dixon & Parcels Associates, Inc.
PACKAGING DIGEST, December, 1999, page 52
http://www.packagingdigest.com/articles/199912/52.html

About 4/5 of the way down the page, begin reading at subheading
"Cosmetics & toiletries packaging: Form defines function" [by] George
Gotlib, president, Gotlib Design

"In 1907, Harriet Hubbard Ayer products claimed that they could be
worn during the day "without detection" and were discreetly and
beautifully packaged in limoge porcelain bon-bon boxes."

"Hattie Carnegie, who had a successful couture shop in the States, was
well known for daring innovations in bottle design, such as a perfume
shaped like her bust. Her Carnegie Blue perfume bottle, produced by
Wheaton Glass, is one of the most sought after collectibles in the
antique perfume bottles world.  Estee Lauder entered the world of
cosmetics and fragrances in 1946. In 1953, her first fragrance, Youth
Dew, packaged in a bottle shaped like a lotus bud, became one of the
all-time fragrance best sellers."

"In the fragrance industry, the 1960s marked a decisive break in the
way American women made and understood their appearance. They no
longer changed their looks in response to Paris designers. The
counterculture promoted the idea of the natural body: men grow beards
and women reject makeup.  To respond to this trend, manufacturers
relied first on repackaging and re-formulating as well as redesigning
products and packaging. The natural look and use of natural and
organic products became a new driving marketing force in the
industry."

"The '70s were also marked by the emergence of the American fashion
designer's appearance on the fragrance counters. Ralph Lauren's Lauren
in the red glass cube and mushroom shaped gold stopper became the
latest rage as an American fashion statement."

"Geoffrey Beene, with the introduction of Grey Flannel, a fragrance
which has become a classic in Europe as well as America, managed to
create a simple yet exquisitely complex bottle. While it looks like
Boston round, it has subtle proportion all of its own, which makes it
uniquely elegant in a subliminal manner. As simple as the bottle
looks, the proportions and the color were a difficult undertaking. The
grey flannel bag started a trend which many other fragrance and
cosmetic products eventually copied."

*********

"Coco Chanel, when asked why her vanity was covered with hundreds of
perfume bottles many of which were empty, replied.. Those bottles are
my memories of surrender and conquest.... my crown jewels of love. No
other container has such evocative power. The bottle is the physical
manifestation of the scent it contains, daring, seductive, alluring.
As the perception of women has changed throughout the years, so has
the design of the bottle."
Brosse Exhibition - New York City, 1985
From http://www.wpbs.com/intro.html

You may be interested in ordering this book or tring to view it at a library:
PERFUME PRESENTATION - 100 Years of Artistry  $165.00
http://www.wpbs.com/order.html
http://www.wpbs.com/home.html

"No couturier before him had thought of linking perfumes and
dresses.... As for his perfumes, it seems they were the sumptuous
dreams of a poet.... each bottle was a work of art, carefully
fashioned so as to have complete affinity and be in deep harmony with
the perfume it contained. - This tribute written by Marcel Rochas in
1945, honored the memory of the twentieth centurys most visionary
designer - Paul Poiret."

"...He imagined his clothing worn within an environment completely of
his invention, and launched a series of exotic perfumes to complement
this atmosphere. Great attention was paid to the formulation of the
scents, the shape of the bottles, thegraphics of boxes, and the scent
names - so much so that he was confident a lady would only have to
chose from the various packaging styles to know if a scent was
suitable to her taste. With this concept, Poiret became the first
couturier to unite fragrance and fashion."

See the rest of this article at http://www.wpbs.com/fashioning.html

*********

"   
PACKAGING DIGEST, August, 1999
page 80  
Dual-chamber bottle fuses art & technology  
by Joseph Derr, Associate Editor. 
"The unique package houses two related, but distinct Kiss & Tell
fragrances. The slender "bottle-within-a bottle" design allows the two
cylindrical glass chambers to be fluidly formed one inside the other.
The patented bottle is reported to be the only fragrance bottle to
offer two scents in the same container."

"To complete the design artistry, the creators developed an exquisite
and unconventional package designed to showcase the bottle. The bottle
comes with two rich blue, flock-wrapped end caps that are embossed
with elegant gold lettering. Between each suede-like end cap fits an
opalescent cylinder, which is designed to cast a "mysterious, yet
intriguing haze" over the bottle, while suspending it in a vertical
position, says Fragrance Intl."

From http://www.packagingdigest.com/articles/199905/80.html

*********

"The perfume bottle is a good example of the importance of practical
bottle design. While for decades the most important feature (after the
fragrance itself, of course!) was a bottle representing luxury and
style; modern times call for functionality and convenience in everyday
use. A modern woman doesn?t spend most of her time at home, presiding
over the dinner table or hosting cocktail parties. She is just as
likely to be in the office or on the road. She not only expects
aesthetic design, but also a bottle that is small and lightweight, and
that will not leak or break in a suitcase or purse."
From http://www.petpla.net/petplanet/insider/2000/08/articles/bottlemaking2.shtml

*********

A market research report for sale regarding women's fragrances
http://www.marketresearch.com/map/prod/911611.html

*********

Using a perfume flask design for alcoholic beverages

"THE TALE OF Belvedere, the company founded in Prague at the beginning
of the 1990s by the Frenchman Jean-Pierre Hottinger, a wine and spirit
trader in central and eastern Europe, began in 1993. At that time
Belvedere agreed with the Polish company Podlaska Wytwórnia Wódek
"Polmos", with which it cooperated in the production and distribution
of brandy-type drinks, to launch a new luxury product, Chopin vodka.
Based on Belvedere's instructions, the bottle was created in the style
of a perfume flask with a window, frosting, and calligraphy. "One day
we presented the idea in Polmos, and the next day the director
registered it with the patent office," says Hottinger."
From http://www.prague-tribune.cz/2003/10/7.htm

*********

Hope this information is of assistance.

Best regards,
journalist-ga


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