I located some excellent publications that address your query.
After reviewing literature on this topic, I found that IQ scores in
children may increase, however there are mixed opinions pertaining to
the permanence of these improvements.
Below you will find academic journal articles and studies that will
help you understand better this matter. I am providing you with short
excerpts from each article, but I highly recommend that you read each
one in its entirety.
=========================================================================
Important Disclaimer: Answers and comments provided on Google Answers
are general information, and are not intended to substitute for
informed professional medical, psychiatric, psychological or other
professional advice.
=========================================================================
Can IQ change?
This was published in the official monthly publication of The British
Psychological Society.
The Psychologist
Volume 11 - Part 2, February 1998
1. Can IQ change?
?An individual's IQ score is often portrayed as a fixed and
unchangeable measure of intelligence. Michael J.A. Howe argues
intervention can produce lasting change, but it also needs to take
account of a whole range of social circumstances.?
The British Psychological Society.
http://www.bps.org.uk/publications/thepsychologist3.cfm?edition=60&volume=11
You may read the full text here:
http://www.bps.org.uk/publications/thepsychologist%5Ccaniq.pdf
===============================================================
How can we boost IQs of "dull children"?: A late adoption study.
Duyme M, Dumaret AC, Tomkiewicz S.
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U.155,
Epidemiologie Genetique, Universite Paris VII, 75251 Paris, France.
duyme@ccr.jussieu.fr
From 5,003 files of adopted children, 65 deprived children, defined as
abused and/or neglected during infancy, were strictly selected with
particular reference to two criteria: (i) They were adopted between 4
and 6 years of age, and (ii) they had an IQ <86 (mean = 77, SD = 6.3)
before adoption. The average IQs of adopted children in lower and
higher socioeconomic status (SES) families were 85 (SD = 17) and 98
(SD = 14.6), respectively, at adolescence (mean age = 13.5 years). The
results show (i) a significant gain in IQ dependent on the SES of the
adoptive families (mean = 7.7 and mean = 19.5 IQ points in low and
high SES, respectively), (ii) IQs after adoption are significantly
correlated with IQs before adoption, and (iii) during adolescence,
verbal IQs are significantly lower than performance IQs.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10411954&dopt=Abstract
Read the full text here:
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=10411954
===============================================================
Kids adopted late reap IQ increases.
Science News, July 24, 1999, by B. Bower
?Preschoolers who score low on intelligence tests exhibit substantial
IQ gains in the decade following their adoption, especially if they
enter well-off families.?
From Science News, Vol. 156, No. 4, July 24, 1999, p. 54. Copyright ©
1999, Science Service.
Read the full text here:
http://www.sciencenews.org/sn_arc99/7_24_99/fob7.htm
http://www.findarticles.com/cf_dls/m1200/4_156/55553300/p1/article.jhtml
?Much current research examines influences on intelligence.
(Researchers) examine the extent to which children?s surroundings
influence their intellect. In a prior study, they found that children
adopted before age 1 into high-income families displayed particularly
large IQ gains by adolescence. ?
Works Cited
Bower, B. ?Kids adopted late reap IQ increases.? Science News 24 July 1999: 54.
http://www.planetpapers.com/Assets/3492.php
===============================================================
Fact: Social intervention has been shown to raise IQ at every year of childhood.
Summary
?Social intervention has been proven to raise IQs at every age level
of childhood: infancy, preschool, elementary and middle school. The
problem is that these programs are not sustained, so the gains fade as
quickly as they are made. The Bell Curve argues that this proves that
social intervention is ineffective, and therefore not worth it. But
adoption studies show that when enriched environments are sustained
through adolescence (the critical cut-off point), the IQ gains become
permanent.?
http://www.huppi.com/kangaroo/L-intervention.htm
===============================================================
Adoption Studies
?However, adoption often produces large increases in IQ. Adoptions of
children from families with a low socio-economic status into middle
class families produces an increase in IQ by 12 points (Lucurto,
1990).
However, with increasing age the effect disappears and children?s IQ
becomes more similar to the IQ of their biological parents.?
University of Toronto
http://www.erin.utoronto.ca/~w3psyuli/PSY230/BW%20Lecture18.ppt
===============================================================
?The IQs of adoptees in samples where the adoptive homes span a range
of SES from blue-collar working class to professional and managerial
occupations show virtually zero correlation with the SES of their
adoptive parents, but they show a significant correlation with the SES
and IQ of their biological parents. By late adolescence, virtually all
of the nongenetic variance in IQ is within-family variance; the
between-families component of IQ variance almost completely vanishes
(see Jensen, 1998a, Chapter 7). And of course it is the
between-families component of variance that would necessarily embrace
the effect of SES on IQ if any such effect existed.?
Psycoloquy is a refereed international, interdisciplinary electronic
journal sponsored by the American Psychological Association (APA)
http://www.cogsci.ecs.soton.ac.uk/psycoloquy/raw/2000.volume.11/psyc.00.11.042.intelligence-g-factor.41.jensen
===============================================================
The Scarr & Weinberg (1976) transracial adoption study.
?
This study included children only up to age 7. The text does not show
the follow-up study, but does refer to it by saying "the adoptees
experienced a gain in IQ similar to the gains of biological children
of the adoptive parents at least up to age 17. Although the adoptees'
IQ scores more closely resembled those of their bioloigcal parents
than their adoptive parents, their higher scores and continued gain
showed the strong influence environment may have on IQ and on the
long-term maintenance of gains."
California State University, Long Beach
http://www.csulb.edu/~kmacd/IQParkeIII.htm
===============================================================
Scarr, S., Weinberg, R. A. & Waldman, I. D. (1993). IQ correlations in
transracial adoptive families. Intelligence, 17, 541-555.
The pattern of IQ correlations for unrelated siblings suggests that
familial environmental influences on IQ decline from childhood to late
adolescence. Minimal effects of selective placement were found on
familial IQ correlations.
(PsycINFO Database Record ( 2003 APA,)
http://doi.apa.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=showUIDAbstract&uid=1994-33019-001
Human Intelligence/IQ Controversy
"There can be of course no serious doubt that differences in
environment experiences do contribute to variation in IQ. The
environment is made of circumstances, objects, and conditions by which
a human, animal, plant or object are surrounded in science. It has
been argued that the environment in a child's developing years could
in fact be a factor that will determine this IQ. In a study of
adoptive and biologically related family?s psychologist Scarr and
Weinberg recognized that with children between 16 and 22 years of age,
environment was more powerful in influencing IQ level in the young
child, than the young adult. Scarr and Weinberg reasoned that
"environment exerts a greater influence on children, who have little
choice; as they age, diversity age, diversity and availability of
choices expands, and if these choices are at least partially
determined by genetic factors, the influence of environment is there
by diminished.?
Bryn Mawr College http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/biology/b103/f03/web1/rkallon.html
===============================================================
Heritability Estimates Versus Large Environmental Effects: The IQ Paradox Resolved
William T. Dickens
The Brookings Institution
James R. Flynn
University of Otago
?Adoption is perhaps the most ambitious environmental manipulation
possible. When a child from a disadvantaged background is adopted into
an upper-middle-class family, the improvement in the quality of
environment amounts to a radical change in exogenous environmental
influences ( e ). Studies show large impacts of adoption on IQ in the
expected direction while children live in their adoptive homes. Even
Lucurto's (1990) skeptical review of adoption studies suggests that
the typical adoption moves the child into a better environment and
increases the child's IQ by about 12 points. 20 However, those studies
in which children have been followed into adolescence ( Scarr &
Weinberg, 1983 ; Scarr, Weinberg, & Waldman, 1993 ) show that as they
age, their IQs match their adoptive family less and less and their
biological family more and more.?
APA: Psychological Review
http://www.apa.org/journals/rev/rev1082346.html
===============================================================
Modeling IQ change: evidence from the Texas Adoption Project.
Loehlin JC, Horn JM, Willerman L.
Psychology Department, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
You may read the abstract here:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2758892&dopt=Abstract
===============================================================
Search criteria:
IQ scores increase OR improve
Improvement in IQ scores in children
Improvement in IQ scores stability environment
IQ change
I hope you find this helpful!
Best regards,
Bobbie7 |
