Hello, indizar-ga!
You have asked a question that could be the topic of a thesis!
However, I have provided some resources in accordance with the price
offered for your question which should help you understand how vital
education is to both the economy and to society in general.
I have extracted some pertinent information from each article, but I
recommend you read them through in their entirety. The reference from
the National Center for Education Statistics is over 100 pages long!
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ROLE OF EDUCATION IN THE ECONOMY
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"The critical role of education in U.S. economy." Chairman Alan Greenspan
At the Greater Omaha Chamber of Commerce 2004 Annual Meeting, Omaha,
Nebraska. Feb 21, 2004. http://www.indiainfoline.com/nevi/crit.html
This article highlights the need to educate our own citizens so that
the US is fully equipped to participate in the global economy,
especially now that so many jobs are going to other countries. Also
emphasizes the need for education and training to develop the skills
necessary for "new" jobs created in the economy. Warns that
policy-makers, educators and citizens must work together to make sure
that education keeps up with the changing economy so that the United
States does not fall behind.
* (Note that the critical role of education in training citizens for
jobs to fuel a nation's economy can be applied to any country)
"For reasons that I shall elucidate shortly, one critical element in
creating those opportunities is to provide rigorous education and
ongoing training to all members of our society....We need to ensure
that education in the United States, formal or otherwise, is supplying
skills adequate for the effective functioning of our economy."
"More broadly, in considering the issue of expanding our skilled
workforce, many have a gnawing sense that our problems may be more
than temporary and that the roots of the problem may extend back
through our education system. Many of our students languish at too low
a level of skill, and the result is an apparent excess of supply
relative to a declining demand."
"In short, our secondary school system needs to serve the requirements
of a changing economy in the same way that the expansion of high
schools with a broad curriculum served us so well in the first half of
the twentieth century. Early last century, technological advance
required workers with a higher level of cognitive skills--for instance
the ability to read manuals, to interpret blueprints, or to understand
formulas."
===
The principles outlined in the following article, which focuses on
Hawaii, are general ideas that can be applied to the topic as a whole.
A nation's economy is fueled by jobs and money. Education is critical
in providing the training for marketable skills, but educational
institutions are also employers as well as spenders!
"Education and the Economy." Hawaii's Economy.
http://www.hawaii.gov/dbedt/hecon/he11-98/edu.html
"A primary purpose of education is to prepare our youth for successful
adult roles in society. Of course, a successful and satisfying adult
life is integrally linked to marketable job skills. Consequently, much
of education's effort is directed at developing these skills and, at
higher levels of the education system, helping to improve the economy
and provide job opportunities for its clients."
"Education also has a significant direct impact on the economy through
its expenditures and large employment base. In Hawaii, education is a
$2 billion industry that produces an array of educational products for
both local residents and thousands of out-of-state students. It also
attracts millions of additional dollars to Hawaii through grants and
contracts at the University level."
==
The following reference provides an overview of a comprehensive,
downloadable report on the role of education in the nation's economy:
(You can't get much more detailed than this!)
"Education and the Economy: An Indicators Report." National Center for
Education Statistics.(1997)
http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=97269
"This report on Education and the Economy is the first in a series of
indicator reports recommended by the congressionally mandated Special
Study Panel on Education Indicators. In this report, we examine the
link between education and economic productivity from different angles
using a variety of data sources. First, we present indicators related
to historical trends in worker productivity in the United States and
other countries and the contribution of education to these trends. We
also consider the link between education and productivity at the
individual level, focusing on the economic consequences of educational
attainment, educational achievement, and adult literacy. Since
accumulation of human capital does not end with formal schooling, we
also explore the link between worker training and productivity.
Finally, we compare key measures of educational performance in the
United States with corresponding measures in other countries. The
indicators in this report come from many data sources, including NCES
as well as other federal and international statistical agencies. In
addition, we examine the existing research on the indicators and
related issues, presenting arguments and conclusions from researchers
on all sides of the issues. Our hope is that the report will inform
the public about the role of education in determining the economic
well-being both of the nation and of individuals, and that the report
will serve as a model for future indicator reports recommended by the
indicators panel."
Full report:
http://nces.ed.gov/pubs97/97269.pdf
===
The following excerpt is from a speech by the President of Rensselaer Polytechnic:
"Meeting the Challenges of the New Economy: Education as an Engine for
Growth and Innovation," by Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson, President,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. (2001)
http://www.rpi.edu/web/President/speeches/malaysia.html
"Education:
"Intellectual capital in the form of a well-educated populace is the
sine qua non of economic development.
"Innovative ability, in addition to technical ability, plays an
ever-increasing role in economic success. An industry depends upon
specialized expertise to design innovative products and processes. The
capacity to translate knowledge into high-value, even unique, products
and services has emerged as one of a nation's most important
competitive assets, and arises in numerous domains, including design,
manufacturing, marketing, service, and management. The ability of a
nation to develop individuals with such innovative abilities depends
upon an educational system which provides a high quality cognitive
skill base from which all enterprises can draw." (Findings from the
Innovation Index. U.S. Council on Competitiveness)
=============================
ROLE OF EDUCATION IN SOCIETY
=============================
An interesting article from the ASEM Symposium on Educational
Exchange provides some interesting snippets on how important education
is to society as a whole.
"The Role of Education in the New International Relations - A Special
Challenge for the Asia Europe Meeting (ASEM)." ASEM Symposium on
Educational Exchange. Tsukuba, November 17-18, 2003.
http://jpn.cec.eu.int/english/press-info/4-2-132.htm
"Education is one of the key components essential for mastering the
challenges posed by the 21st century. The Third ASEM Summit[9]
recognised the need for sustainable development to cope with the still
widening gap of poor and rich, all the time enhanced by the widening
digital divide, as one of the key challenges for ASEM which can be met
by enhancing education."
"Paul Kennedy makes the point that "[b]ackwardness has many causes,
but a leading one is that education is regarded as less important in
many cultures than it is in East Asia." In his view education "also
implies a deep understanding of why our world is changing, of how
other people and cultures feel about those changes, of what we have in
common - as well as what divides cultures, classes and nations." In
order to achieve this goal he points out the need for open societies,
because "[i]n societies where fundamentalist forces block open inquiry
and debate, where politicians, to attract the support of special
interests, inveigh against foreign people or ethnic minorities, and
where a commercialized mass media and popular culture drive serious
issues to the margins, the possibility that education will introduce
deeper understanding of global trends is severely limited."[10]
"Thus, education plays a major role in securing an open political
system, in achieving civic responsibility, social cohesion and last
but not least economic success."
===
Excerpt from "New Role of Education." UNESCO
http://www.unesco.org/education/esd/english/education/role.shtml
"Education in all its forms is essential to sustainable development.
In many respects primary education makes a positive contribution to
combating the problems of poverty, the degradation of the environment
and the improvement of nutrition."
"It is widely agreed that education is the most effective means that
society possesses for confronting the challenges of the future.
Indeed, education will shape the world of tomorrow. Progress
increasingly depends upon the products of educated minds: upon
research, invention, innovation and adaptation........Over time,
education also powerfully affects cultures and societies, increasing
their concern over unsustainable practices and their capacities to
confront and master change. The potential of education is enormous.
Not only it can inform people, but it can change them. It is not only
a means for personal enlightenment, but also for cultural renewal."
"Education serves society in a variety of ways. The goal of education
is to make people wiser, more knowledgeable, better informed, ethical,
responsible, critical and capable of continuing to learn. Were all
people to possess such abilities and qualities, the world?s problems
would not be automatically solved, but the means and the will to
address them would be at hand. Education also serves society by
providing a critical reflection on the world, especially its failings
and injustices, and by promoting greater consciousness and awareness,
exploring new visions and concepts, and inventing new techniques and
tools. Education is also the means for disseminating knowledge and
developing skills, for bringing about desired changes in behaviours,
values and lifestyles, and for promoting public support for the
continuing and fundamental changes that will be required. Education is
humanity?s best hope and most effective means in the quest to achieve
sustainable development."
===
"THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: A THEORETICAL
PERSPECTIVE," Ilhan ÖZTÜRK.
http://www.ceterisparibus.net/arsiv/i_ozturk.htm
ABSTRACT: "Education in every sense is one of the fundamental factors
of development. No country can achieve sustainable economic
development without substantial investment in human capital. Education
enriches people?s understanding of themselves and world. It improves
the quality of their lives and leads to broad social benefits to
individuals and society. Education raises people?s productivity and
creativity and promotes entrepreneurship and technological advances.
In addition it plays a very crucial role in securing economic and
social progress and improving income distribution."
(Read in entirety)
===
The following article is a bit technical and focused on one country,
but the principles of education in strengthening society apply in
general to all countries.
"The Role of Education in Strengthening Civil Society in Liberia: A
New Agenda for Self-Emancipation and Social Change," by Tarnue
Johnson. The Perspective. January 10, 2002.
http://www.theperspective.org/education_civilsociety.html
"This article seeks to discuss and thus render some judgments
regarding one of the most crucial and strategic functions of education
as an enabler of a vibrant civil society and political culture. In a
postindustrial age where knowledge or what some refer to as social
capital has become a central productive force, the challenge of
educational development is inseparable from the progressive
reorganization of the social order. Thus, understanding the
relationship between education and the building of a healthy civil
community---in all its multiple dimensions and complexities---is as
important as understanding the most intricate processes and
assumptions regarding the structuring of contemporary discourse and
political action in the face of extreme poverty, institutional
paralysis, and monumental policy challenges that currently face the
Liberian nation."
read on.....
===
From an interesting speech by Olwyn Enright about the importance of
education in society:
"The Role of Education in a Civilised Society." Speech by Olwyn
Enright TD, Fine Gael Spokesperson on Education and Science, MacGill
Summer School, Wednesday, July 23, 2003.
http://www.finegael.ie/PubUploads/ACFCBF.htm
"This topic, in the way that it is worded, gives rise to the
implication that education is simply another link in the chain that
holds civilised society in place. But this implicit meaning is
misleading.
*** Education is not just an equal partner, it is the underlying
firmament that makes good governance, a fair and open judicial system,
and technological development possible."
"The true nature of education in the civilised society runs deeply
through all that we are and have achieved. In fact, I contend that
without education the civilised society would not be possible.
Education defines what a civilised society is. Education does not
'polish off" a society and make it that little bit more civilised, it
is not the icing on the cake when everything else has been dealt with,
but rather is the fundamental pillar of the structure that helps to
makes society civilised in the first place."
"Education is not a commodity. It is not simply about gathering and
learning facts..... It is a fundamental pillar of the civilised
society. It offers a depth and breath of vision that we are not
automatically born with. It challenges, and it rewards."
===
I hope these references are helpful!
umiat-ga
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