GR --
I can imagine that there were skeptics at lunch. They'd probably also
kid you about relationships between humans and apes, but evolutionary
biology has been buttressed by DNA studies in the past 30 years and
we've learned quite a bit.
Let's start with a bit on humans so that we can get the big picture.
This web page has an excellent diagram that shows how primates
(including humans) are related:
"Introduction to Evolution," (Bob Patterson, 2002)
http://members.aol.com/darwinpage/intro1.htm
Humans, moose and rodents are all belong to the animal classification
of mammalia or mammals. Mammals make up all of the warm-blooded
species that you're familiar with and which seem to dominate the
planet but were "small and shrew-like throughout the (Mesozoic) era,
but rapidly developed into larger forms following the
Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event 65 million years ago," according
to this excellent article in WordIQ. Basically, biologists believe
that the extinction of the large dinosaurs opened and opportunity for
development of mammals (and humans):
WordIQ Encyclopedia
"Mammals"
http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Mammal
Paleontologists have continually been updating what is known about
mammals, including ones that are extinct. The most-recent
classifications have been done by Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell
in 1997. The two paleontologists work at the American Museum of
Natural History. Their classifications put humans, moose and rodents
in the following families:
Class: Mammalia
Rodents:
-- Infraclass: Eutheria
----- Order: Rodentia (gophers, beavers, squirrels, rats, mice)
Moose:
-- Infraclass: Eutheria
-- Superorder: Ungulata
----- Order: Artiodactyla
--------- Suborder: Rumantia (giraffe, deer, sheep, bison, cattle)
-------------- Family: Cervidae (deer, elk, moose)
Humans:
-- Infraclass: Eutheria
-- Superorder: Archonta
----- Order: Primates
-------- Suborder: Haplorhini (monkeys, chimpanzees, humans)
------------ Family: Hominidae (Gorilla, chimpanzees, Orangutan, Human)
The links in the WordIQ article are very interesting, pointing out
many evolutionary details. For example, deer (and moose) are believed
to have evolved about 5 million years ago and are present on virtually
every continent. Contrast that with primates, where the earliest
known fossils are 6-7 million years old. Lucy, an extinct
Australopithecine skeleton that was a predecessor to modern humans, is
estimated to be 2.9 million years old.
And recent research indicates that rodents may have evolved more than once.
The following Google search strategy provides several good links on the topic:
Mammalia + genealogy + family tree
For example, this article has a tree splitting off different mammal
species. Though it doesn't have the rodent, it has the
closely-related rabbit:
"Taxonomy: Classifying Life," (June, 2003)
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/T/Taxonomy.html
Of course, the closest relationship that I remember of moose and
rodent is Rocket J. Squirrel and Bullwinkle J. Moose:
"Rocky and Bullwinkle Moose Show," (undated)
http://members.aol.com/CoinOper/rockyandbullwinkle.html
http://www.toonopedia.com/rockbull.htm
Best regards,
Omnivorous-GA |