Hello and thank you for your question.
A search on Medline turned up a single case of a burn injury related
to hair dye, but as the abstract notes it was the aluminum foil, not
the dye itself, that caused the problem:
Peters W., Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Wellesley Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
"The hair color-highlighting burn: a unique burn injury."
Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation. 21(2):96-8, 2000 Mar-Apr.
Abstract
A unique, preventable, 2.8 x 3.7-cm, full-thickness scalp burn
resulted after a woman underwent a professional color-highlighting
procedure at a hair salon. The burn appeared to result from scalp
contact with aluminum foil that had been overheated by a hair dryer
during the procedure. The wound required debridement and skin grafting
and 3 subsequent serial excisions to eliminate the resulting area of
burn scar alopecia. The preventive aspects of this injury are
discussed.
Putting the title of this paper into Google and from there back into
Medline turned up quite a few more hair burn cases, but as you will
see below these are usually related to hair straighteners or relaxers
rather than simple dye.
http://www.keratin.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=4859
I have run these titles through Medline, and where available I have
set forth material from each article:
Rauch DA. Hair relaxer misuse: don't relax. Pediatrics. 2000 May;105(5):1154-5.
This article mostly describes incidents where a child ingested the
hair relaxer and was poisoned. However, the article does include
"Case 4
A.W., a 27-month-old girl living with her mother and grandmother,
smeared Optimum Cream, a hair relaxer, on the right side of her face.
She screamed immediately, but no cream was noted near the mouth. Her
mother rinsed her face with water and called Emergency Medical
Services who transported her to the ED. The ED evaluation was
significant for first-degree burns on the right cheek and right upper
eyelid, but a complete ophthalmologic examination confirmed no eye
involvement. She was discharged 1 day later."
Wilson DI. Scalp burns in elderly women--the perils of the perm.
Burns. 1999 Mar;25(2):182-3.
[Abstract not available]
Kates DE, Pollack CV Jr. Deep second-degree genital burns from an
unorthodox use of a cosmetic product. J Emerg Med. 1995
May-Jun;13(3):395-6.
[$30 to purchase]
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6T8B-4CCG260-26-1&_cdi=5082&_orig=browse&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F1995&_sk=999869996&view=c&wchp=dGLbVlz-zSkWz&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_userid=10&md5=65cd2fcac853ece4b6a16abb7fb19942&ie=f.pdf
Nicholson AG, Harland CC, Bull RH, Mortimer PS, Cook MG. Chemically
induced cosmetic alopecia. Br J Dermatol. 1993 May;128(5):537-41.
Abstract
Cosmetic causes of scarring alopecia are poorly documented. They
include traction alopecia and hot-combing. Recently, another group has
presented in the South London area, related to misuse of chemical hair
straightening agents. Affected patients are young, female, of
Afro-Caribbean origin, and typically display hair loss on the vertex
of the scalp. Histology shows a pattern of fibrosis and inflammation
characteristic of the physical damage seen with other cosmetic
procedures. This histological pattern is distinguishable from other
non-cosmetic causes of scarring alopecia.
Boucher J, Raglon B, Valdez S, Haffajee M. Possible role of chemical
hair care products in 10 patients with face, scalp, ear, back, neck
and extremity burns. Burns. 1990 Apr;16(2):146-7.
[Abstract not available]
Fischer H, Caurdy-Bess L. Scalp burns from a permanent wave product.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1990 Jan;29(1):53.
[Abstract not available]
Kerner E, Matheney K, Boertman JA, Sullivan WG. Facial and scalp burns
from hair activator products. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1988
Sep-Oct;9(5):524-5.
Abstract
Review of 1,008 admissions over the past two years to the Detroit
Medical Center Burn Unit revealed 227 patients with facial or scalp
burns. Of these, 12 patients sustained burns directly as a result of
accidentally igniting a hair activator product called "Jheri-Curl."
Eleven patients sustained superficial partial-thickness burns and were
adequately treated with Dermaide. One had deeper burns requiring
split-thickness skin grafting.
van Abbe NJ. Chromosomal damage and hair dyes. Lancet. 1978 Jul 29;2(8083):271-2.
[Abstract not found but this seems off the mark anyway]
Schimpf A. [Chemical burns following hair bleaching] Asthet Med
(Berl). 1966 Oct 20;15(10):320-6.
[In German; Abstract not available]
Swee W, Klontz KC, Lambert LA. A nationwide outbreak of alopecia
associated with the use of a hair-relaxing formulation. Arch Dermatol.
2000 Sep;136(9):1104-8.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term outcome of adverse effects reported
by persons who used a commercial hair-straightening product known as
the Rio Hair Naturalizer System (World Rio Corporation). DESIGN:
Survey of individuals who contacted the Food and Drug Administration
in 1994 and 1995 to report adverse effects linked to using the
product. SETTING: Persons residing in the United States. PATIENTS: A
total of 464 (59% of 790 eligible) patients who returned a completed
questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Adverse effects associated with
using the Rio Hair Naturalizer System products (neutral or color
enhancer). RESULTS: Ninety percent of respondents were African
American women between the ages of 15 and 55 years. The most common
complaints associated with the use of the products were hair breakage
and/or hair loss, reported by 95% of respondents. Three quarters of
those experiencing hair loss reported losing 40% or more of their
original hair. The median time between the loss of original hair and
the growth of new hair was 8 months; however, 40 (9%) respondents
reported having no new growth at the time of completing the survey,
some 2 years after using the product. When mixed according to package
instructions, the mean pH of a sample of 20 neutral product kits
tested was 1.39 (range, 1.1-3.15). For the 21 color-enhancer products
tested, the mean pH was 2.82 (range, 2. 29-3.08). CONCLUSIONS: A
nationwide outbreak of alopecia and scalp injuries involving tens of
thousands of women (and some men) occurred following the marketing of
a chemical hair-relaxing product. Most of those affected reported
substantial hair loss, with a majority indicating growth of new hair
that was abnormal in both quantity and quality.
That's everything that appears to be findable in this area.
Returning to your question, it appears that no, there have not been
any reported cases of burns arising from hair dye contact with
metallic or other impurities in hair. However the chemical products
that are sold for hair application do carry other risks related to
their toxicity and chemical activity. That is consistent with the
further discussion on the discussion page where the above papers were
collected:
http://www.keratin.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=4859&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=10
I hope you find my answer clear and satisfactory. If I can help
further in any way, please do not hesitate to request clarification.
I would appreciate it if you would hold off on rating my answer until
I have a chance to respond.
Sincerely,
Google Answers Researcher
Richard-ga |
