I need a detailed guide to how to write a letter of application for a
job (UK audience).

Hi macaonghus!!

I found several guides from UK sites that will help you to write a
Letter of Application for a job.
The Letter of Application is also known as Covering Letter, also some
guides consider the Letter of Application as an extended version of
the Covering Letter.


"Letter of Application":
See first this guide that gives guidance on writting letters of
application in US and UK, so here you will see the slight differences
between the formats that are recommended for each country.
http://users.utu.fi/jahonka/letter_of_application.htm


"Covering letters" from the University of Leicester site:
This page gives another good guide oriented to the UK job market with
examples and clear instructions.
http://www.le.ac.uk/careers/coveringletter.html


"The covering letter" from Graduate Prospects site:
http://www.prospects.ac.uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Applications_and_interviews/Applications/The_covering_letter/p!efXakl

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Additional sources are:

"Letters of Application - Steps to Writing a Successful Letter of
Application -" from the Careers and Jobshop, Southampton Institute
site:
http://www.solent.ac.uk/careers/students/default.asp?level1id=3039&level2id=3046


"Letter of Application" from Careers Advisory Service at  The
University of Wales, Aberystwyth site:
http://www.aber.ac.uk/careers/cdp/applicltr.html


"Job Applications - Letters of Application -":
http://content.monster.co.uk/job_hunting/articles2/job_app/page2/

"Cover letter sample":
http://content.monster.co.uk/job_hunting/articles2/job_app/sample/


"Letters of Application":
http://www.careers-gateway.co.uk/jobseek/lettersapplic/index.htm


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Search strategy:
"letter of application" uk

I hope that this helps you. Please feel free to request for a
clarification if it is needed before rate this answer.

Regards.
livioflores-ga