I am trying to create an image in Adobe Illustrator that includes
equations created in Latex. When I create the equation in Latex, open
it as a PDF, and then import it into Illustrator, the size of the equation is too
small. I am having trouble scaling it up without distortion. If I zoom
in on the PDF document, I can make the size large enough without
distortion, but I am unable to copy and paste this zoomed in image
into Illustrator.
The Adobe Reader snapshot tool just produces a distorted version. Is there any way
I can import an enlarged, non-distorted equation from Latex into
Illustrator?

You would probably have better luck by creating a PS (or even better a
EPS) file and then opening that in Adobe Illustrator.

You should be able to do that by running Latex and going to dvi and
converting the dvi to ps with dvips. Alternatively, you may also go
back to PS from the PDF file with Ghostscript.