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Q: how to see radiation ( Answered,   5 Comments )
Question  
Subject: how to see radiation
Category: Science > Physics
Asked by: shlabim-ga
List Price: $6.00
Posted: 09 Jan 2006 17:56 PST
Expires: 08 Feb 2006 17:56 PST
Question ID: 431331
human's eye can see lihgt; however, there are other kinds of radiation
that we can not see.
are there any means or tools we can use, that will enable us to see
other kinds of radiation? please specify those means.
Answer  
Subject: Re: how to see radiation
Answered By: hedgie-ga on 10 Jan 2006 09:53 PST
 
Yes, there are.

Today, radiation means 'either particle or waves' - the difference got blurred
after Quantum Mechanics. So, for example the old 'beta rays' are actually
electrons - and their trajectories can be see in a

Bubble chamber

http://images.google.com/images?q=bubble+chamber&hl=en&btnG=Search+Images


Nuclear emulsion is a very thick photographic plate 

http://images.google.com/images?q=nuclear+emulsions&hl=en&btnG=Search+Images

Some devices are more indirect and complex, like these 
http://oemagazine.com/FromTheMagazine/jun01/underground.html

neutrino detectors. Neutrinos are very hard 'to see' since they do not
interact too much.

In some experiments you can see the 'wave nature' of these particles,
captured on a different photographic plate
http://www.lassp.cornell.edu/lifshitz/quasicrystals.html


Here is a principle of the diffraction pattern of electrons, also
captured on photographic plate
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/interference/doubleslit/
which shows wave nature of these particles 



Someties, insted of film physicist use photomultiplier detectors
http://images.google.com/images?svnum=10&hl=en&lr=lang_en&safe=off&q=photomultiplier&btnG=Search

the list goes on

Hedgie

Clarification of Answer by hedgie-ga on 06 Feb 2006 16:07 PST
shlabim-ga 

           Here, from physics news, you have a neat example of how people
are working on 'seeing' radiation -- in this case neutrinos.

Neutrino was names by Fermi, an Italian Physicist, patterned after italian
'bambino' - sort od baby-neutron - both names derived from 'neutral' = meaning
'having no charge'.

Here is the image (the light flashes) produced by a neutrino detector 
http://www.physorg.com/newman/gfx/news/movie_cone_300.jpg


The IceCube telescope and its predecessor, AMANDA, use optical sensors
to locate the sources of high energy neutrinos. This picture shows the
on-line display of neutrino event recorded by AMANDA. Author: Jodi
Lamoureux, Credit: NSF


more details are  here:
http://www.physorg.com/news10295.html

for background on these 'strings' , they are talking about, you may consult

http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?id=427780

cheers

Hedgie
Comments  
Subject: Re: how to see radiation
From: jon_b-ga on 09 Jan 2006 18:52 PST
 
What type of radiation do you want to "see".

For Electromagnetic radiation, there are sensors of sorts that can
"see" from gamma rays, through radio waves... because there are many
many orders of magnitude between these regimes, no one detector can
see them all.  So you need to know what you want to see, and then
there are often a variety of ways to observe that frequency.

http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/science/know_l1/emspectrum.html

There is also particle radiation, in which energy is carried by
particles that have mass (as opposed to E-M radiation.. in which
energy is carried by photons, which have no rest mass)
Subject: Re: how to see radiation
From: padpub-ga on 10 Jan 2006 12:01 PST
 
For example, a Night Vision Device enables us to see even in complete
darkness, using other frequencies of light which we cannot normally
see.

Night vision devices gather available light or radiations through the
objective lens.  This light, which is made up of photons, is then sent
through the image intensifier tube where it is converted to electrons.
 The electrons are then magnified to much greater numbers through a
electrical and chemical process inside the tube.  This greater number
of electrons are thrown onto a phosphorus screen which changes the
electrons back into visible light that can be seen through the
eyepiece.  The viewable image is seen as a green hued re-creation of
the scene before the viewer.

regards,
padpub,
http://www.clicktry.com/
Subject: Re: how to see radiation
From: azdoug-ga on 11 Jan 2006 06:21 PST
 
We are able to see Cherenkov radiation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_effect
This is the "deep blue glow where the neutrons go" that you can see
when you look down into a nuclear reactor.  It's by far the coolest
thing I've ever seen.  It's such a rich, deep, powerful glow - the
depth of the light actually makes it difficult to see the fuel
bundles, corners of the reactor, or any other item that you'd normally
be able to see with regular light.

We're also able to see Triboluminescence.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triboluminescence
This is light created by the breaking of bonds in various minerals by
rubbing them together.  The light actually travels INSIDE the rock. 
You can also hit a wint-o-green lifesaver with a hammer in a dark
room, and there will be some light emitted.  I haven't hit the
lifesaver, but I've rubbed the rocks together... pretty cool.

So basically, whether or not we're able to "see" the radiation depends
on the medium through which it is traveling.  We can only see the
Cherenkov radiation if the fuel is submerged in water.  We can only
see triboluminescence if there is a mineral present in which the light
can travel.  Essentially, our 'tool' is the medium.

And for the example of night vision goggles...  Actually, they don't
work in complete darkness.  (unless they're based on infra-red).  Most
night vision goggles are simply 'light amplifiers'.  That means you
must have a little bit of light for them to work properly.  If you're
in the depths of a cave (absolute darkness), night vision goggles
won't help you one bit.
Subject: Re: how to see radiation
From: sorwin-ga on 14 Jan 2006 08:23 PST
 
If you hold a domestic-type fluorescent lighting tube close to a
transmitting antenna it will glow, as though by magic.

This certainly works with a 25 Watt VHF transmitter, for example
mounted in a car.  I am not certain whether a 4 Watt CB radio has
enough power to cause this effect.  Might be worth trying.
Subject: Re: how to see radiation
From: eestudent-ga on 05 Feb 2006 13:16 PST
 
You can view radiation slightly outside the visible range with your
camera. Point it at your TV remote, press a button, and you will see a
flashing light from the red plastic slit that covers the IR emitter.
You can see UV the same way, or if the it is strong enough, our eyes
can see it, as in black lamps. The eye sensitivity is much like a bell
curve, so some sensitivity exists beyond what is termed as visible
range. There are some materials that convert IR and UV into visible
range. Anything below IR is pretty much RF, only good for
communications. And as said above, beyond UV it becomes very hard to
collect information unless it is a simle storage mechanism like a
photographic plate. For technological purposes, there are cameras that
can allow you to see in anywhere to long IR (body heat) to hard UV in
real time.
Radiation was discovered when a rock was wrapped in a photographic
paper and left in a dark cabinet. An outline of the rock was seen when
it was later unwrapped.

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