If a dog were to fight a monkey, who would win?  Assume 1) the animals
are of similar size (as determined by their weight), and 2) the
animals are chosen to be the most ferocious possible.

Please provide a clear answer that is firmly grounded in citable science or history.

Also see, a related question: 

http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?id=567144

Who would win? The winner would be whoever was making book on the wagers.

Hmmm....has canines and hands....dogs can't throw dung.....monkeys
climb....yea  The monkey would win.

DEF MONKEY!!!

I'd think the results would differ with each the different species of
dogs and monkeys - different outcomes come from different matchups of
the different species of monkeys and dogs - even if they were of the
same size. Though I couldn't be sure which would really win with each
species.

Who knows, but I bet it is the dog, cuz dog bites.

Clearly the monkey. They are more nimble. Stronger muscle tissue per
kilogram. (think about baboons)

Chuck Norris.

What if it was Chuck Norris' dog against Bruce Lee's monkey?!...

You should do some reading about baboons.  If you pit a baboon against
a dog, the baboon easily wins.  They will attack and eat dogs.  They
are far stronger, and can easily pull a dog apart.  Also, they have
long canines.

Of all monkeys, baboons (genus: papio) would probably offer the most
formidable opposition to a ferocious dog.  They often take down
leopards in the wild, will throw stones in self defence (see Pettet
1975, Nature 258, 549-549) and kill goats and sheep.

Many dogs are, however, artificially bred to attack animals, and they
routinely perform this task with aplomb.

Who would win in a fight?

Either could.

Given the proven capabilities of both, I would not be surprised if a
dog beat a baboon in a fight or if a baboon beat a dog in a fight.

In any given fight, I would put my money on the baboon. If it doesn't
have strength it has agility, superior intelligence and the ability to
manipulate objects (such as throw stones) on its side.

This looks like one of those questions which always occupy males'
minds: If you took a boxer and a kung fu guy, who would win
(substitute any two categories).

On a more serious note, the dog will definatively win. Dogs are
closely related to wolves, and although being a group animal, a wolf
it trained by nature to hunt and KILL animals as big as deer, etc.
Monkeys, on the other hand, have few natural enemies, and can live up
on trees. So, aside from beating, a monkey would not know how to
evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of an attacking dog and
choose an attack strategy. Besides any suspected intelligence, a
monkey would probably try to run away first.

FINAL RESULTS: after obtaining a grant from U.S.

out of 1200 fights in a 12'x12'x8' pit the monkeys won 51 % and the
dogs won 49% so the monkeys win.

I think it depends on the breed of the dog, what could a baboon do to
a trained fighting bulldog with like, 2 inch thick skin/fat? Those
dogs are like tanks, and their bite is extremly strong. I thing the
bulldog would win, after all, they're bred to fight!