By convention /dev/modem is a symbolic link to the serial device with
the modem on it.
If there's no such link on your system, you can check all serial
devices present. First, check what devices are available:
dmesg | grep ttyS
It should give results like these:
ttyS0 at 0x03f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
ttyS1 at 0x02f8 (irq = 3) is a 16550A
This means that there are two devices: /dev/ttyS0 and /dev/ttyS1.
(If the dmesg command gives no results, it probably means that the
kernel message buffer was full and the older messages got thrown away.
Fortunately they are stored at boot time in the file /var/log/dmesg so
you can do a "grep ttyS /var/log/dmesg" if the first command gives no
results.)
Knowing what devices are available you can check if there's a modem on
one of them. Fire up minicom and try issuing AT commands (type "AT"
and press enter, if there's a modem on the line, it should respond
with "OK"). I don't know what device minicom uses by default, it
probably tries /dev/modem or /dev/ttyS0. You can tell it what device
to use by pressing Ctrl-A O and choosing "Serial port setup" from the
menu. There should be a "Serial Device" setting, which you can change
by pressing "A" (edit the device name and press enter, then press
enter again and choose "Exit" from the menu to go back to minicom).
You will probably need root access to play with minicom.
Hope this helps, feel free to ask if you need clarification on any of this.
Vladimir |