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Subject:
MRI compatible metal
Category: Science > Physics Asked by: labret-ga List Price: $20.00 |
Posted:
28 Jan 2005 06:14 PST
Expires: 27 Feb 2005 06:14 PST Question ID: 464790 |
It is advised not to bring any metal in a 1 Tesla MRI scan room. But what metal is attracted by the magnet, and what metal isn't ? (I'm talking attraction, NOT image disturbance if the metal is in the scanned area). Titanium ? Tungsten ? All kinds of alloys ? Silver ? Gold ? Iron ? stainless steel ? Other types of stainless steel ? ... |
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There is no answer at this time. |
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Subject:
Re: MRI compatible metal
From: racecar-ga on 28 Jan 2005 14:45 PST |
iron nickle and cobalt are the ferromagnetic elements. anything other than materials containing those elements should be fine. this includes titanium, aluminum, copper, silver and on and on. You should be wary of most kinds of steel (it's made out of iron) but there are non-magnetic types of stainless steel. You can always check a material by seeing if a refrigerator magnet will stick to it. |
Subject:
Re: MRI compatible metal
From: mbeckwith-ga on 29 Jan 2005 09:32 PST |
General rule of thumb: 300 (304 and 316 being most common) series stainless steels are non-magnetic. 400 series stainless steels are magnetic. 18/10 (and similar) is also a common way of describing 300 series stainless steels in cookware primarily. |
Subject:
Re: MRI compatible metal
From: touf-ga on 10 Feb 2005 15:11 PST |
Negative, racecar. The magnet used for an MRI is significantly stronger than that used for a refrigerator magnet. Certain alloys may have very small amounts of ferromagnetic elements. So, it is possible that a weak fridge magnet will not attract a given piece of metal, but an incredible strong MRI magnet will... Typically, though, the best rule of thumb is to just not take metal at all into the room with you. While the following story is extremely rare, here is what can happen if there is magnetic metal in there... http://www.mrireview.com/docs/mrideath.pdf |
Subject:
Re: MRI compatible metal
From: racecar-ga on 11 Feb 2005 12:49 PST |
Negative, touf. A magnetic field is a magnetic field. There is only one kind. I did not say that the attraction of a refrigerator has to be strong. But if there is no attraction between a refrigerator magnet and a piece of material, then it is safe to bring into the MRI room. You may be right that the best policy is simply not to bring in metal, or that it is not a good idea to encourage the refrigerator magnet test because people might not be careful enough to recognize a small attraction force, but still, if the test is carried out properly, there is nothing wrong with it. |
Subject:
Re: MRI compatible metal
From: racecar-ga on 11 Feb 2005 12:50 PST |
...attraction of a refrigerator *magnet*... |
Subject:
Re: MRI compatible metal
From: touf-ga on 11 Feb 2005 16:01 PST |
You just said it yourself, racecar -- "not a good idea to encourage the refrigerator magnet test because people might not be careful enough to recognize a small attraction force" The ultimate flaw in your test is that your measuring device (the human) is probably not sensitive enough (not a matter of being careful) to record any practical or feasible data. Imagine the following experiment to put things into perspective: you want to find the weight of an Altoid mint. You have three instruments at your disposal-- 1) the load cell scales that go on giant cranes 2) a bathroom scale, and 3) a pharmacy scale. Which do you use? Surely, placing an altoid on the first two scales will produce some finite result, albeit, extremely small. After all, assuming they all work via load cells, even a one or two gram mass does introduce a finite force, which will cause the voltage output to change. If they work via springs, then an object with a mass of a few grams will introduce a small force that causes the springs to compress ever so slightly, and causes the dial to move. However, this test is meaningless, because your scales are not sensitive enough for your particular application. Clearly, you want to use the pharmacy scale, as it has the best sensitivity for your application. You can be as careful as you want when you put the Altoid on a bathroom scale, but you are still going to read "0". The only way around this is to get something like 10,000 Altoids, find the cumulative weight, and divide by 10000 to find the average weight of each one. But isn't that effectively the same as getting a stronger magnet? All I'm saying is that there are oodles of alloys out there. If a particular metal is comprised of 1% iron, for instance, your fridge magnet isn't going to do jack, because your hands will not detect any notable attraction. Get an MRI near it, and well, things are different. |
Subject:
Re: MRI compatible metal
From: deeptimer-ga on 09 Mar 2005 16:20 PST |
The original advice is correct: do not bring ANY metal into the MRI room. This is a safety issue. Whether the metal is magnetic is irrelevant. Metals, whether magnetic or not, are conductors. As conductors, the MRI's external magnetic field will induce a potentially large and dangerous eddy current in your hunk 'o metal. At this point, the eddy current sets up an opposing magnetic field (which, numercally speaking, seeks to null the original applied field). These fields then interact and your metal will want to move, perhaps violently. Firthermore, depending on the resistance of the metal, the induced eddy current will be disspated to some degree as heat. For a really cool demo of these effects, get yourself a horseshoe magnet and an aluminum pie pan (with is non-magnetic, of course). Turn the pan upside down and balance it at its center with a toothpick, so it floats in the air and rotates easily. Hang the magnet above the pan's center, and spin the magnet. For best demo, put a piece of clear plexiglass bewteen the magnet and the pie pan, to eliminate any air drag between the two. The pie pan will spin up and follow the magnet's spin. This is a good parlar trick and wins bets at cocktail parties, too. Here's another demo. Get a hunk of copper tubing or pipe a foot or two long. Get one of those very strong rare earth magnets, preferably cylindrical or spherical, that fits neatly and smoothly into the tubing. Hold the tube vertically and drop the magnet into the top. You'll be very surprised at how slow the magnet falls through the tube! Were it not for small parasitic loses in the copper due to its resistance to the eddy current, the magnet would not fall at all, in fact. |
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