Are there any existing surveys about how professional women manage
their time and/or manage clutter?

Not the answer but a solution if you are trying to deal with clutter
and time management etc.
www.flylady.net is BRILLIANT!

I believe that some anthropological studies of modern women were made
in the recent years.  I don't recall who and what the publication is,
but I've heard that professional women who are not married eat less
than women who are married.  A majority of unmarried women say that
they eat over the kitchen sink to save time.  Married women eat with
her family at the table and clean up after the family.