WHAT IS SOME EVIDENCE THAT DARK MATTER EXIST IN THE UNIVERSE?

Hi hmcdoc-ga 

There is an ever increasing amount of evidence for 'dark matter' in
the universe.  I'm sure the following will provide what you are
looking for based on the way you worded your question.

Now before I go on, I should say that in spite of the abundance of
evidence for dark matter in the Universe, the identity of the dark
matter is still unknown.

"Dark Energy Fills the Cosmos" - (
http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/dark-energy.html )
This site will provide evidence of dark matter and dark energy.  It is
an article which appeared in the May 28, 1999 issue of the journal
Science.  In it you will learn: "a group of cosmologists and
physicists from Princeton University and Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory survey the wide range of evidence which, they write, "is
forcing us to consider the possibility that some cosmic dark energy
exists that opposes the self-attraction of matter and causes the
expansion of the universe to accelerate."  This website is provided by
the Berkeley Lab which is a U.S. Department of Energy national
laboratory located in Berkeley, California.

"Scientists Map Dark Matter, Prove Einstein Right" - (
http://space.com/news/cosmic_shear_000512.html )
This is a good, though commerical website, about many astronomical
topics but the opening page contains a paper on dark matter.  This
from the paper:  "Astronomers supported by the National Science
Foundation have found the first evidence of an effect called
cosmological shear, a phenomenon predicted by Einstein’s theory, in
which light from distant cosmic objects bends due to gravitational
forces. What’s more, the detection of cosmological shear has allowed
astronomers to track down significant amounts of dark matter,
non-luminous matter whose presence in the universe has been predicted,
but scantly detected until now."

"Revealing the Dark Side of the Cosmos" - (
http://www2.ifa.hawaii.edu/newsletters/article.cfm?a=33&n=2 )
This page is from the website of the Institute for Astronomy,
University of Hawaii.  Here you will learn: "Dark matter is
ubiquitous. Galaxies-like the Milky Way in which we live-are
surrounded by halos of dark matter. The total mass in these halos is
at least ten times that of the ten billion or so stars that a typical
galaxy contains."

"Galaxy Cluster Formation and Evolution" - (
http://flash.uchicago.edu/~ricker/research/clusters/ )
This page is by Paul Riker, a computational astrophysicist with the
ASCI Flash Center at the University of Chicago Department of Astronomy
and Astrophysics.  He covers galactic evolution and the effects of
dark matter on that process.

So the evidence you seek is there and in abundance.  If you wish
clarification, please let me know.

Search - Google
Key words - dark matter, dark energy

Cheers
digsalot

Dark Matter: Why you can never find that one item in your closet, when
you need it the most, is, beyond a doubt, that Dark Matter does exist.
And all those scientists are looking billions and billions and
billions (sorry Mr. Sagan) of miles away. :-)

Short answer to your question: In the solar system, planets far from
the Sun move more slowly (I don't just mean they have longer orbital
periods - they're really moving more slowly around their longer
tracks) than those closer to it.  This is a general result for things
bound by an inverse-square force.  Looking at the Milky Way, we can
measure the speeds of some of the stars in it, and compare them to the
orbital radius (star's distance to center of M.W.).  We get a
completely different result.  The stars in the M.W. are moving very
much faster than the visible matter in the galaxy would suggest. 
Since we can't see the stuff, and it obviously has a gravitational
influence, it's called dark matter.

By the way, the bending of light by gravity was confirmed (depending
on who you believe) in 1919.  Many times since then, as well.

Pick up Stephen Hawking's new book, "the Theory of Everything" as it
really does shed light on the Physics of the UNiverse in language
simple enough for the layman.

There is a serious error in the understanding of Newton's law of
graviey and is dure to the ASSUMPTION

Sorry about the previous incomplete comment. It was due to my typing
and first use of this method of adding comments.

There is a serious error in the use of Newton's law of gravity. It is
due to the ASSUMPTION - without proof - that the law of gravity (based
upon observation in our solar system and our galaxy) is also valid
without change at much greater distances. My analysis of the rotation
curves in spiral galaxies has shown that the flat rotation curves can
be explaned by generalizing the gravitaional constant by adding a term
linear with distance - and without needing the puzzeling dark matter.
This term is comperable to the usual gravitaitional constant at
distances greater than about about 3 parsacs, about the size of spiral
galaxies.
Thus dark matter need not be invoked to explain rotation curves of
spiral galaxies, nor the motion of remote galaxies as decribed by Fred
Zwicky. Aa a byproduct, the extension of the therory of gravity for
large distances can explain the concept of "tired light" suggested by
Zwicky.
It also provides a new view of the ASSUMPTION by Hubble and others
that the red shift is only due to velocity and can be used to measure
the velocity of remote galaxies, and questions the concept of the
acceleration of the expansion of the universe. There are many other
surprising consequences.
A detailed presentation of my analysis is available at 
http://inventing-solutions.com/new-universe.htm.
Comments will be appreciated.