What is the difference between Real Time Operation Systems and Normal
Operation Systems and how would one determine the effectivness of a
real time operating system say in a oil works safety system?

http://www.dedicated-systems.com/encyc/publications/faq/rtfaq.htm#realtime_definition

A real-time OS puts emphasis on predicatbility of timing - rather than
on fairness or speed.  A normal OS may take unusually long times to do
something if it happens that some other demanding progcess runs at the
same time.