Hello keenan, I think what you are trying to build is what is known as
a pressure intensifier. However, what you describe will not increase
your output pressure. I will try and explain. The area of your 12 inch
diameter piston is:
Area = pi x r^2 = 3.14 x 36 = 113 sq. in.
You say that you are applying 100 lbs of pressure to the piston. I
assume you mean 100 lbs of force and not 100 psi (if I am wrong,
please let me know). So, to calculate the pressure of the water in the
cylinder we have:
Pressure = force/area = 100 lbs/113 sq. in. = .88 psi
The water will dribble out of your 1/4 inch nozzle.
If you mean that you are applying a pressure of 100 psi to the piston,
then you have exactly 100 psi in your water. You have done nothing to
increase the pressure.
To build a pressure intensifier you need cylinders of different
diameters whose pistons are connected by a rod. You apply a small
pressure to the larger cylinder and it will give you a higher pressure
in the smaller cylinder. This may be hard for you to understand. I
found a couple of drawings that might help you:
http://www.allstar.fiu.edu/aero/Hydr22.htm
Example:
Suppose that the actuating cylinder (used to move the control surface)
normally gets hydraulic fluid at a pressure of
p = 1000 psi and that this pressure would act on a piston surface area
A = 10 square inches. The total force developed F would be p times A
or 10,000 lb. But, suppose we need a force of 60,000 lb to move the
control surface... So we add a booster.
If the inlet side area A1 is 3 square inches, then the force, F,
developed by the hydraulic fluid is
Since the pistons of the booster are connected, and we assume that
they have negligible inertia, then the force developed on the smaller
piston is the same as the force on the larger piston. If the outlet
side area A2 is 1/2 square inch, then the pressure developed on the
outlet side would be
At the actuating cylinder the force developed would be the pressure
times the area of the actuating cylinder or
(6000 lb/sq. in.) x (10 sq. in.) = 60,000 lb
http://www.newport-scientific.com/HydPressIntens.htm
Hydraulic Pressure Intensifiers are used for creating pressures
greater than those ordinarily obtained directly from either Hand
Operated Pumps or Motor Driven Pumps.
While not intended for high volumetric capacity, their simplicity
of design makes then an economical means of obtaining high pressure.
The intensifier consists of a double piston-cylinder arrangement
as shown in the sectional view. Oil is pumped into the large cylinder
by a hand hydraulic pump or other means, and oil is expelled from the
small cylinder at a higher pressure, dependent upon the area ration
and friction.
The large piston is fitted with an O-ring for maximum efficiency
at the pressures encountered in the cylinder. The small piston is
lapped to an extremely close fit and is packed with a combination
packing on the principle of the unsupported area. Due to the necessary
close fit of the pistons in their respective cylinders, the friction
created does not permit 100% efficiency as calculated from the ratio.
Hydraulic intensifiers are manufactured in two basic models for
producing pressures of 50,000 and 100,000 psi. Their construction is
similar except that the 100,000 psi model is built with heavier
cylinders and pistons.
You may have more questions after reading this and I will be glad to
help you out with more answers. Please ask for a clarification and I
will try and explain until you fully understand.
Redhoss |
Clarification of Answer by
redhoss-ga
on
08 Jul 2005 16:59 PDT
Now that you understand that what you were talking about won't work,
we can look at a way that would work. If you could make a 3 inch
diameter cylinder and piston just like your 12 inch cylinder, you
could connect the cylinders and connect the two pistons with a rod.
Then you could use an air compressor to develop 100 psi (make sure
that the 12 in cylinder is rated for 100 psi) behind the piston in the
12 inch cylinder. This will develop a force on the 3 inch piston
(transmitted thru the rod) of 113 x 100 = 11,300 lbs. Then the
pressure in the 3 inch cylinder would be 11,300 / 7 = 1,614 psi. Now
that is some serious pressure. Of course you don't have near the
volume of water, but you can get the pressure you are looking for. Or,
if you went with a 4 inch cylinder instead of a 3 inch you would get:
Pressure = 11,300 / (pi x 2^2) = 11,300 / 12.5 = 904 psi
Hope this gives you some ideas.
Thanks for the 5 stars, Redhoss
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