Hello neghincheyo~
Here are the things you need to know to summarize your research and
avoid copyright violations:
? Facts are not copyrightable. However, the expression of those facts
are. Always put ideas, concepts, and facts into your own words.
? Never, ever, use the same phrases as the research material you?re
using does?unless you use quotation marks and properly attribute the
quote. Also avoid using the same words, where possible. Obviously, if
you?re discussing preemie babies, you will use those words ?preemie?
and ?baby,? just as your sources do, but if your source says: ?The
health issues a preemie baby experiences depends on how many weeks
along they are.? Don?t write: ?The health issues preemies have depends
on how far along they are.? The wording is too similar. Something
like: ?The sort of medical problems a preemie has depends entirely
upon how far into gestation they are born? is much better.
? Use quotes when you feel you can?t say something better or as well,
but don?t over quote any one source. U.S. Copyright law is a little
vague about just how much you can use from a single source, but ?the
less you take, the more likely that your copying will be excused as a
fair use.? (?Measuring Fair Use,? Stanford:
http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter9/9-b.html#3
) Fair use means that someone can use the work without special
permission, paying fees, or violating copyright law. Stanford
continues: ?However, even if you take a small portion of a work, your
copying will not be a fair use if the portion taken is the ?heart? of
the work. In other words, you are more likely to run into problems if
you take the most memorable aspect of a work?? The U.S. Copyright
Office adds: ?There is no specific number of words, lines, or notes
that may safely be taken without permission. Acknowledging the source
of the copyrighted material does not substitute for obtaining
permission.? (?Fair Use,? U.S. Copyright Office:
http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html )
? Don?t use long quotes. How long is too long depends upon the nature
of the original work. For example, if you quote a line or two from a
poem, it may be considered a copyright violation. However, the same
amount from an article or book is fine. Again, there are no hard and
fast rules on this. No one can accurately say that a certain number of
words are okay, and a certain number are not.
RECOMMENDED READING:
? ?Fair Use,? U.S. Copyright Office: http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html
? ?Fair Use,? Stanford:
http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter9/index.html
? ?Proper Use of Source Material,? CUHK:
http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/policy/academichonesty/p02.htm
? ?Plagiarism and Copyright Violation,? CUHK:
http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/policy/academichonesty/p04.htm
? ?Avoiding Plagiarism,? Think Quest: http://www.tqnyc.org/avoid_plag.php
? ?Is it Plagiarism or Copyright Violation?? Internet World Stats:
http://www.internetworldstats.com/articles/art024.htm
I hope that this fully addresses your question; however, don?t
hesitate to request clarification before rating this Answer if
something is unclear.
Kind regards,
Kriswrite
RESEARCH STRATEGY:
Researcher?s personal knowledge
Searches:
"fair use?
Avoid* copyright violation* |
