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Q: Are races' prizes net or gross when it's not specified? ( Answered 5 out of 5 stars,   2 Comments )
Question  
Subject: Are races' prizes net or gross when it's not specified?
Category: Relationships and Society > Law
Asked by: outmarcus-ga
List Price: $2.00
Posted: 10 Sep 2005 12:48 PDT
Expires: 10 Oct 2005 12:48 PDT
Question ID: 566521
Hello,

I live in Italy and I am a professional runner.
Some months ago I won an international running race in Boston
(Massachusetts) where the promised prize was $1200.
Unfortunately they only gave me about $850 because - they said - of
taxes. The problem is that there was no specifications on taxes in the
advertising.
I was disappointed, since here in Italy where the specified prize is
euro 1200 without spec. on taxes it's meant as net prize and they
always give the full 1200 euro. Taxes are implicitly at charge of the
part that pays the prize, ie. the race's organization.

Am I, as professional and italian athlete in USA just for the race, in
the right of claiming the full $1200 in cash from this organization?
Please indicate the law/article (eventually with links to the full
legal text) that found your answer.

Thanks

Request for Question Clarification by denco-ga on 10 Sep 2005 17:22 PDT
Howdy outmarcus-ga,

Was the race a charitable sports event?

A charitable sports event is one that meets the following conditions.
- The main purpose is to benefit a qualified charitable organization.
- The entire net proceeds go to charity.
- Volunteers perform substantially all the work.

Thanks!  denco-ga - Google Answers Researcher

Clarification of Question by outmarcus-ga on 11 Sep 2005 02:51 PDT
No, it was not a charitable event.
Answer  
Subject: Re: Are races' prizes net or gross when it's not specified?
Answered By: denco-ga on 11 Sep 2005 13:40 PDT
Rated:5 out of 5 stars
 
Howdy outmarcus-ga,

A reminder of the "Important Disclaimer: Answers and comments provided on
Google Answers are general information, and are not intended to substitute
for informed professional medical, psychiatric, psychological, tax, legal,
investment, accounting, or other professional advice."

Without seeing all of the advertising materials, any disclaimers, etc. that
might have been used by the promotors or signed by yourself, I can't address
any "false advertising" claims that might exist.

That said, it is not unusual in the United States for advertised prizes to
be subject to withholding potential tax without prior notification, that is,
the prize that is advertised is the gross winnings and not the net winnings.

For instance, if you win a big payout at a casino in the United States, they
are going to withhold potential taxes that might be owed on the total amount.

In your case, the organizers were required, outside some complicated process,
to withhold 30% of your winnings.  This is covered under Section 1441 of the
United States Internal Revenue Tax (IRS) code.  The "Intltaxlaw.com" web site
details this section of the IRS code.

"Section 1441. Withholding of Tax on Nonresident Aliens"
http://www.intltaxlaw.com/inbound/withhold/irc.htm#Section%201441

"... all persons, in whatever capacity acting ... having the ... payment of
any of the items of income ... of any nonresident alien individual ... shall
... deduct and withhold from such items a tax equal to 30 percent thereof ..."

This is reiterated on this IRS web page.

"Artists and Athletes (Income Code 20)"
http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/international/article/0,,id=106190,00.html

"You must withhold tax at a 30% rate on payments to artists and athletes for
services performed as independent contractors."

Are you out the 30% that they withheld?  It appears that you can file a tax
return and as the amount paid to you is under the exemption allowed ($3,100)
you should be able to a file a "Form 1040NR" and get the balance as a tax
refund.  The instructions and the form can be found on the IRS web site.

Note these are the forms for 2004, so if you won the race in 2005, you will
have to wait until the 2005 forms are available before you can file them.

"Instructions for Form 1040NR - U.S. Nonresident Alien Income Tax Return"
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i1040nr.pdf

"For tax purposes, an alien is an individual who is not a U.S. citizen.
Aliens are classified as nonresident aliens and resident aliens. This
publication will help you determine your status and give you information
you will need to file your U.S. tax return."

Here is the form.  "Form 1040NR - U.S. Nonresident Alien Income Tax Return"
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f1040nr.pdf

This next part is beyond the scope of the question, but you might be able
to avoid some or all of this problem in future events.  You might be able
to file a Form W-8BEN with the promotor in advance of a race.

"Certificate of Foreign Status of Beneficial Owner for United States Tax
Withholding"

W-8BEN Instructions - http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/iw8ben.pdf
W-8BEN Form - http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/fw8ben.pdf

If you need any clarification, please feel free to ask.


Search strategy:

Google search on: tax refund "Nonresident Alien"
://www.google.com/search?q=tax+refund+%22Nonresident+Alien%22

Search on the IRS web site on: athletes
http://www.irs.gov/

Looking Forward, denco-ga - Google Answers Researcher

Request for Answer Clarification by outmarcus-ga on 12 Sep 2005 01:29 PDT
Thank you very much for the very good answer Denco.
Before closing this thread, I propose a $5 tip if you find me an
international treaty (or similar) between USA and Italy that regulate
how an italian resident can avoid the double taxation of USA
occasional income (in USA + in Italy).
I saw a similar treaty between Italy and Turkey, so I think it could
exist between Italy and USA too...

Clarification of Answer by denco-ga on 12 Sep 2005 09:45 PDT
Howdy outmarcus-ga,

Here is the link to the United States (US) Internal Revenue Service
(IRS) page that covers the "Income Tax Treaties" that the US has with
other countries, including Italy.
http://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/article/0,,id=96739,00.html

Here are the links to the specific documents outlining treaty details
with Italy, which includes "double taxation" issues.

Income Tax Treaty - Italy
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-trty/italy.pdf

Technical Explanation - Italy
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-utl/italyoldtrweb.doc

Looking Forward, denco-ga - Google Answers Researcher
outmarcus-ga rated this answer:5 out of 5 stars and gave an additional tip of: $5.00
Perfect! GREAT researcher! happy to give you the $5 tip :)

Comments  
Subject: Re: Are races' prizes net or gross when it's not specified?
From: myoarin-ga on 11 Sep 2005 07:55 PDT
 
Outmarcus,
Congratulations on winning the event.
This site is directed at organizers of athletic events with foreign
participants, and says that they should withhold 30% of payments if
they are not willing or capable of dealing with the taxation matters:

http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/international/article/0,,id=129240,00.html

I am not expert and this is not professional or legal advice (see the
disclaimer below), but it would seem that one could reclaim the tax by
submitting a US tax return, but this may only be possible if one has
already registered with the US tax authority ("IRS").  I don't know!
The race organizer that withheld the tax should also provide to you
the form showing the amount of tax withheld.  Since normally this
would be prepared at the end of the year, maybe it will be
forthcoming, but you could ask.

I hope someone can expand on this and help you further.
Myoarin
Subject: Re: Are races' prizes net or gross when it's not specified?
From: denco-ga on 12 Sep 2005 16:01 PDT
 
Thanks for the kind comments, 5 star rating and nice tip, outmarcus-ga.

Looking Forward, denco-ga - Google Answers Researcher

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