What are the detailed steps to obtain a criminal record for someone
that lived in the Czech Republic for pre-employment screening
purposes?

The practice in the Czech Republic is that the individual seeking employment,
(or other appoinment) is asked to provide a document which shows his/her status.
 It is called 'Výpis z rejst?íku trest?'  in czech, costs about $2.

 For use abroad in can be issued with appostile,as axplained here
http://portal.justice.cz/soud/soud.aspx?o=203&j=213&k=2027&d=10776

Here is description in english . Entry : Penal Register
http://portal.justice.cz/uvod/JusticeEN.aspx

There is an European Treaty ?. 550/1992 Sb. (20. 4. 1959 ?trasburk) which
allows thatb office to send records to court organs in other countries.

For a private business (in US) the best methods would be to follow the
local (CR) practice and ask the applicant to provide the 'Výpis' (Content
of the personal register) with an appostille.

US is a member of Hague convention (about appostille), 
so that such document is legaly valid in the US.
 http://www.apostilla.com/B1.html

Hedgie

As far as I know, such information is protected by privacy laws in the
Czech Republic. Criminal records can be only obtained by the
respective individuals.

Scriptor