Who was the first person to introduce Public Schools in the United States?

Dear Sabrina, 

Public schools, as their name implies, are founded by the "public",
not by a person. However, it was Thomas Jefferson who promoted the
issue of public education in the United States.

Read further: 
Deeptha Thattai, "A History of Public Education in the United States",
<http://www.servintfree.net/~aidmn-ejournal/publications/2001-11/PublicEducationInTheUnitedStates.html>

MSN Encarta article, "Public Education in the United States",
<http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571494/Public_Education_in_the_United_States.html>

I hope this answers your question. Please contact me if you need any
clarification on this answer before you rate it. My search terms:
[first Public Schools in the United States]

Thomas Jefferson was not only the first American of influence to
promote public education, he went about founding the U. of Virginia.

The first public official to advocate and make public education
compulsory was Rutherford B. Hayes, as Gov. of Ohio, before running
for President.