Dear Grimmie,
First of all, let me say - what an original idea!
In order to understand how to make replicas of sarcophagus, it is
better to know a little more about them and how they were made.
Not all Egyptian sarcophagi, or coffins, are human shaped. These are
just the Anthropoid Coffins. Some look indeed like this one
<http://www.tam.itesm.mx/art/egip/47.jpg>, but some look like boxes
<http://www.kingtutstomb.com/e247page23sarcophogus.jpg>.
"sarcophagus - A coffin, usually of stone, although sometimes made of
wood, metal, or clay. In ancient times they were often decorated with
carvings of the deceased or with some religious or mythological
subject; Originally this Greek word literally meant "flesh-eater." At
some things the Greeks could look ruthlessly. On the other hand, their
koimeterion or "cemetary" was literally a "sleeping place." ; The
plural form of sarcophagus can be either sarcophagi or sarcophaguses."
(Source: ArtLex.com <http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/s/sarcophagus.html>)
Anthropoid Coffins - <http://www.akhet.co.uk/moreart.htm> - are
person-shaped coffins. "Anthropoid, or person shaped, coffins were
particularly important to the Ancient Egyptians as they were believed
to act as a substitute body for use after death. This is why the dead
person as being young and powerful to ensure them health in the
afterlife. Supplies and tools for use in the afterworld were often
included in the decoration as well which would magically become
usable" (ibid.).
1. One sort of replica could be done like that:
"1. Using a piece of 9 x 12 oak tag, sketch the outline of the King
using frontal view. It should be a rounded full figure shape. The
shape should measure approximately 9 "x 4".
2. With pencil, add the face, headdress, crossing arms (optional),
hieroglyphics and symbols. There should not be large areas of open
space. The design should be symmetrical.
3. With black permanent pen, outline drawing.
4. Colour the figure with marker and/or coloured pencil. Remember that
neatness counts! There should be no oak tag paper showing.
5. Trace the completed figure onto 2 pieces of cardboard. Cut them out
so that you have a top and bottom piece. Place the finished figure
drawing in your folder.
6. Using the oak tag pre-cut strips, bend them around the bottom
piece. Anchor them using rubber cement.
7. Attach the sides to the bottom and top using rubber cement.
8. Reinforce edges with masking tape.
9. Using newspaper strips and starch, cover the sarcophagus with 2 to
3 layers of papier-mâché. Make sure the edges and corners are neat and
smooth.
10. When the papier-mâché is dry, paint the sides and bottom gold.
11. When the paint is dry, attach the top drawing to lid using rubber
cement. Make sure your name and section are on the bottom of the
sarcophagus.
12. The teacher will then cut open you sarcophagus using the band-saw.
13. Before handing in your project to the teacher, take the time to
look for any areas that can be touched up."
You'll need: 9"x 12 " Oak Tag, Pencils/Erasers, Black Permanent Pens,
Colored Pencils, Markers, Cardboard, Strips of Oak Tag - pre-cut to 1"
x 12", Rubber Cement, Newspaper Strips, Liquid Starch, Plastic
Containers, Masking Tape, Gold Tempera Paint, Paint Brushes, Water
Containers, Band Saw, Rulers
(Source: Mrs. Keeny, Berks County Intermediate Unit, "Process",
<http://www.berksiu.k12.pa.us/webquest/Keeney/process.htm>)
2. Another idea is suggested in:
Create a coffin / sarcophagus out of butcher paper.
Have a member of your dig group lay down on top of a piece of butcher
paper.
Lightly trace around him/her. (Be sure the "mummy" folds his/her arms
on top of his/her chest.)
Separate the coffin into three parts: The head, the chest, and the
lower body.
Decorate your body. (If your person is a pharaoh don't forget the
flail and crook and the false beard.)
Make a strip down the centre or separating the body parts and write
the names of your dig group in hieroglyphics.
(Source: "Egypt Project"
<http://coe.west.asu.edu/students/lbeloat/egyptproject.html>)
For more elaborate replicas I have several ideas of my own:
3. Clay (or cast, or papier mache) to make the shape of the
sarcophagus. Adding watercoloured or Cryola colour. You can find here
more instructions (not by myself): CLAY SARCOPHAGUS
<http://www.dhc.net/~artgeek/sarco.html>
4. A big, human size sarcophagus, can be done using cartons (that
would be plastered according to size); rounding them with papers; and
colouring that.
Further Sources:
===============
Make it Work! Ancient Egypt
<http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1568471408/ltc-political/103-4347116-8919854>
is a recommended book to get more ideas on making sarcophagus
History of Egypt <http://www.touregypt.net/kids/History.htm> - light
explanations on the history of Egypt.
Understanding Egyptian Art
http://www.bergen.org/AAST/Projects/Egypt/egyptian_art.html>
National Geographic teaches you "How to Make a Mummy"
<http://www.nationalgeographic.com/tv/mummy/>
Guardian Egypt Mummy Links
<http://www.guardians.net/egypt/mummies.htm>
Neferchichi <http://www.neferchichi.com/> - commercial, but cute and
has more activities ideas.
King Tut <http://www.guardians.net/egypt/tut1.htm>
My search terms might also prove helpful:
sarcophagus egyptian creating
sarcophagus egyptian making
sarcophagus egyptian
sarcophagus egyptian replica
sarcophagus
I hope that answers your question. However, if you need clarifications
on the answer, please let me know. |
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