I am looking for complete information on vineyards around the world.
Information such as annual climate, soil type, grape types, etc. I
would like to have enough information so that I can create a diagram
that shows ranges, medians, means, and extremes (ex. the hottest
vineyard climate/ coldest vineyard climate) of vineyards throughout
the world.

University of California Davis has a world-class department focused on
winemaking.  The website is http://wineserver.ucdavis.edu/index.php. 
Maybe someone there could point you the right direction.

Or, perhaps the info you're looking for could be found at the UC Davis
Library.  Their website is http://www.lib.ucdavis.edu.

Good luck!  Hope this helps!