What would have been the educational/study path in the late 1950's,
early 60's for a boy from Liverpool, born 1932, to become an English
barrister in the Inns of Court in London, England, by 1962, when he
would have been 30 years old?

Dear jac5-ga,

To answer this question I have looked at a number of obituaries and
biographies for lawyers who were born and educated in Liverpool and
called to the Bar. The source of these has been the Oxford Dictionary
of National Bibliography, Who Was Who and Who?s Who. Unfortunately
both are subscriber access so I cannot refer you directly to them or
place the full information here because of copyright.
http://www.oxforddnb.com/
http://www.xreferplus.com/

All of these examples are for people born in Liverpool in the period
1920 until 1940 and there is a common thread of middle-class parents,
private or grammar school education, and then University: Liverpool,
Oxford, or Cambridge, reading law and obtaining an LLB. Then called to
the Bar.

Background information on the schools and University of Liverpool.
Liverpool College
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverpool_College
Liverpool Institue
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverpool_Institute_for_Boys
University of Liverpool
http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/history/

Examples:

St Edward's Coll Liverpool, Univ of Liverpool (Emmott memorial
scholar, Alsopp prizewinner, LLB).

Liverpool Coll, Univ of Birmingham (LLB).

Liverpool Collegiate GS, Univ of London (external LLB).

Alsop HS Liverpool, Oxford (MA, DPhil, DCL).

Liverpool Coll, King George V Sch Southport, Trinity Coll Cambridge.

Father: Solicitor and alderman
Law degree and the bar at the University of Liverpool. 

Father: Bank manager
Educated locally at St Francis Xavier's College, and at the University
of Liverpool.

Father: Businessman
Liverpool institute, LLB Trinity Hall, Cambridge


You may have to consider that schooling may have been interrupted by
evacuation during the war.
http://www.mersey-gateway.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.1496
http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/blitz/1400_info.html


I hope this answers your question. If it does not, or the answer is
unclear, then please ask for clarification of this research before
rating the answer. I shall respond to the clarification request as
soon as I receive it.
Thank you
answerfinder

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Request for Answer Clarification by jac5-ga on 05 Sep 2006 08:31 PDT

Thank you for your answer; it was helpful. I have been away so I have
just received your answer.
I would like clarification on the following points:-
     How did a graduate with a law degree get accepted by Chambers, particularly
     if his father was a businessman and not a lawyer?
     As a pupil in Chambers would he (his parents) have to pay for his pupilage?
     How many 'Inn Dinners' over what period did he have to attend to qualify to
     he called to the Bar? Did he also, at that time, have to pass Bar exams?

---

Clarification of Answer by answerfinder-ga on 06 Sep 2006 03:02 PDT

Dear jac5-ga,

It has been difficult to find historical information on the internet
for these further questions and you may have to refer to off-line
sources. However, I hope the following will assist you.

The 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica has some useful information on the
steps to becoming a barrister. Although it is for 191,1 I think it can
be applied to your period as the system was not changed until
recently.
You may wish to read the page in its entirety.

?Students are admitted as members of the Inns of Court, on paying
certain fees and on passing a general (elementary) examination or
(alternatively) producing evidence of having passed a public
examination at a university; their subsequent call to the bar depends
on their keeping twelve terms (of which there are four in each year),
and passing certain further examinations. A term is "kept" by dining
six times (three for a student whose name is on the books of a
university) in hall.
[?] 
?The profession of barrister is open to almost every one; but no
person connected with the law in any inferior capacity or who is a
chartered or professional accountant, can enter an Inn of Court as a
student until he has entirely and bona fide ceased to act or practise
in such capacity. Some of the Inns also make a restriction that their
members shall not be engaged in trade.?
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Barrister


The examinations were conducted by the Council of Legal Education.
This is from the description of their articles.

?The Council of Legal Education (CLE) was established by Resolutions
of the Inns of Court in 1852, following the recommendation that year
of a Legal Education Committee of the Four Inns. The CLE, consisting
of eight members under the Chairmanship of Richard Bethell QC (later
Lord Westbury), was entrusted with the power and duty of
superintending the education and examination of students who had been
admitted to the Inns and was to consist of an equal number of Benchers
appointed by each of the Inns. Five Readerships or Professorships were
set up, to each deliver three courses of lectures per year. Students
were required to attend a certain number of lectures and to pass
public examinations. The examinations were held thrice yearly, in
Michaelmas, Hilary and Trinity terms. The CLE was given the power to
grant dispensations to students unable to attend all required
lectures.?
http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search2?coll_id=1569&inst_id=4


The requirement for twelve terms still seems applicable at Lincolns Inn.

?Students are required to attend 12 qualifying sessions before being
Called to the Bar. Qualifying sessions for the most part take the form
of dining in Hall.?
http://www.lincolnsinn.org.uk/sd_gen.asp
http://www.lincolnsinn.org.uk/sd_qualify.asp


As for payment of his pupillage I cannot find the answer. From my own
experience of the present system, I suspect that the pupil would have
access to a source of money as they would be receiving no fees during
the time of their pupillage.

A possible solution is to make an enquiry at one of the Inns of Court libraries.
http://www.innertemplelibrary.org.uk/welcome.htm
http://www.innertemplelibrary.org.uk/collections/legal-collections/grays-inn.htm
http://www.innertemplelibrary.org.uk/collections/legal-collections/lincoln-inn.htm


I hope this helps.
answerfinder-ga

He would have studied Latin, probably at a Grammar School and then
gone on to Uni where he probably got a LLB (Bachelor of Law).

He would then have gone working for a practising barrister whilst
dining for the requisite number of meals at one of the Inns of Court.
(Maybe 3 years?)

Then he would have become a poor barrister, struggling to make a living.

(I think.)

Of course, a real Researcher is now going to prove me wrong.

Do not forget he would have done National Service, probably as an
officer. In either a county regiment or a guards regiment For at least
three years,

Kemlo

He would only have been required to do National Service if medically
fit and possibly then for only 2 years.

You are a very naughty boy for posting false assertions.

Next time I see you I am going to smack your legs.

Bryan

Obviosly i am confusing you  however Although it officially ended on
31 December 1960, the last National Serviceman, Lieutenant Richard
Vaughan of the Royal Army Pay Corps, was not discharged until 13 May
1963. The last man actually to be called up for National Service was
Private Fred Turner of the Army Catering Corps, who was discharged on
7 May 1963

Taken from wikipaedia
KLOME

The full reference in the Wicked Peasoup actually reads:

QUOTE National Service had been introduced in 1939 and continued after
the Second World War. It was formalised in peacetime by the National
Service Act 1948. From January 1, 1949, every man over the age of
eighteen was expected to serve in the armed forces for eighteen
months, and remain on the reserve list for four years thereafter. The
period of basic duty was extended to two years in 1950 as a response
to the Korean War, although the subsequent time in the reserves was
reduced by six months to compensate. National Servicemen who showed
promise could be commissioned. The Territorial Army and other reserve
forces, which the former National Servicemen joined to fulfil their
reserve commitment, expanded massively between 1949 and 1963, with
units in almost every town and full regiments and battalions in many.
UNQUOTE

Which confirms what I said.

Again, you have been a very naughty boy, by making selective use of material.

I now suspect that you must be a politician and probably a Blurrite.

Bryan

Bryan do the Maths
It ended December 1960
Last Discharged May 1963
Thats twenty nine months=====Nearly three years
My first comment was based on my brothers' experiance. Besides he
could ov been made to serve as a Bevin Boy, So there :-b

Kemlo

The Wicki article makes it clear that the period of National Service
was INCREASED from 18 months to TWO YEARS in 1950, so THAT was the
maximum period that a man born in 1932 would have been required to
serve.

Of course, there may have been exceptions due to illness, time spent
in the glasshouse or even capture by the enemy during the Korean War
or whatever. Also some National Servicemen enlisted for a further
period.

However, it's totally misleading to base your argument on ONE or
possibly TWO SAMPLES that are obviously unrepresentative, especially
since 'Bevin Boys' were a WWII phenomenom. True it was National
Service but the man in question was born in 1932 and he would NOT have
served during WWII. More than likely, it would have been AFTER 1950
and he would therefore have served a maximum of TWO YEARS.

End of Argument.

Now I demand an apology!

Bryan

Continued on Question ID: 751360

Thank you for the information.
Most helpful.
My fist time using the 'Answer service' so I had no idea what to expect.
You and your colleague seem to have come along as a 'bit of a bonus'
and I am grateful for what you added to the answer.
JAC

Jac5,
That's a nice attitude. :-)

If you are satisfied with Answerfinder's answer, I am sure he would
appreciate it if you would rate it.  If you think you need more
information to consider a five star rating, post a Request for
Clarification instead.
Researchers are proud of their stars and want to help clients by
providing them with completely satisfactory answers.

Cheers, Myoarin