Hello, I am a beginner to PIC Microcontrollers and circuitry.  I am
looking to control a standard hobby DC brushed motor from a PIC
18F4520.  How do I go about connecting the motor to the PIC
Microcontroller (need circuit diagram with amps and other devices
(best if suggest a few different model amps and other devices for
availability reason). Also try to keep the circuit as simple as
possible and note I need to have this motor be variable speed but
unidirectional is fine.  I will also need the commands neccessary to
control this motor using "C", also include all neccessary include
files.  If you have any questions or need more information just ask
and I will get back as soon as possible.

You should look at steppers as well, before you decide

http://www.galilmc.com/

Well i dont think steppers are quite neccessary.  All i need this
motor to do is rotate a  prop at a given speed.

I think you need to use semiconductor switch(es) controlled by the
logic output signals from the microcomputer.

Suitable semiconductor switches would be Power MOSFETs.  You might
consult the application data published by manufacturers, eg.
International Rectifier.

There are a class of Power Mosfets specially designed to be controlled
by a 0-5 volt logic signal.