I would like to get a list of the membership of the US House and
Senate Armed Services committees, and of the House and Senate
Appropriations Committee Defense subcommittee, from 1980 to present. 
The list should have the state and party of the legislators, and
ideally the congressional district for the members of the House. Any
format that I can readily convert into an Excel sheet will be fine;
printed or pdf will do if that's the best available.

Here is a URL that should give you a good start on compiling this
information if you don't get any specific results:

http://www.archives.gov/records_of_congress/committee_resource_guides/senate/armed_services/armed_services_1981_1996.html

Hope this helps!