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Q: PACS and teleradiology - researcher needs a biology/medical background ( Answered 5 out of 5 stars,   1 Comment )
Question  
Subject: PACS and teleradiology - researcher needs a biology/medical background
Category: Health > Medicine
Asked by: victorchua-ga
List Price: $50.00
Posted: 04 Sep 2003 12:14 PDT
Expires: 04 Oct 2003 12:14 PDT
Question ID: 252303
I am doing a research project on (1) picture archiving and
communcations systmes
(PACS), (2) teleradiology, and the (3) computer-aided detection of
anomalies of mammography X-rays (otherwise known as mammography CAD)

I would like you to find (1) business reports on these markets and (2)
interesting new research on these markets.

I am a medical doctor (in fact a surgeon), but I don't know very much
about these topics and I want you to give me a head start.  I am
evaluating a business idea in this area and I would like some
background.

I would expect you spend at least two hours on this work.

I would expect a list of 10-20 links ranked in order of usefulness and
interest.

If you do exceptionally well you will get a bonus of $50
Answer  
Subject: Re: PACS and teleradiology - researcher needs a biology/medical background
Answered By: czh-ga on 05 Sep 2003 03:14 PDT
Rated:5 out of 5 stars
 
Hello victorchua-ga,

I've answered one of your earlier questions. It's nice to see you
again. You indicated in your question title that “researcher needs a
biology/medical background”. I am familiar with radiology and medical
imaging because my best friend has been in the field for many years
and we have had innumerable conversations about the emerging trends
and technology developments that he deals with on a daily basis. It
was fun to conduct this research for you.

The field of medical imaging is changing and growing and I was able to
locate lots of information to get you started on your research
project. I’ve grouped the research I’ve found under the three areas
you named and in each section I’ve listed the articles in the order of
importance or relevance. In addition, I’ve also collected resources
that deal with market research and research institutions as well as
some directories, portals, publications and other specialized
radiology sites that provide a wealth of information.

I’ve collected articles and resources that should help you form your
own opinions about the state of the industry and emerging trends and
I’ve included a comment to help draw your attention to the specific
points of interest in each resource I've listed.

As you would expect, there is ample market research available in this
field and I’ve included links to some recent reports in your areas of
interest. These market reports tend to be very expensive, but since
you’re a doctor you may have avenues for accessing them.

One of the main themes that became apparent in my research is that the
ultimate goal of computer systems in medicine is to eventually
integrate all records relating to a patient. There are many
complications in this regard. Integrating the technologies may not
even be the most difficult element. Implementing any new technology or
procedure involves legal, financial and social issues that overshadow
the apparent benefits of the new technology.

I hope that you find sufficient information here to get you started on
your research project. Please don’t hesitate to ask for clarification
if you don’t follow how I organized the material I’ve found.

All the best for your project.

czh

===================================================
PICTURE ARCHIVING AND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS (PACS)
===================================================

http://www.imvlimited.com/mid/pacs_telerad_census.html
PACS / Digital Image Archiving and Communication Census
IMV has completed the 2001 PACS census survey … The 2001 data is based
on responses from 1,881 U.S. hospitals over 100 beds. … The IMV Census
covers radiology information systems, x-ray film digitizers, computed
radiography, direct radiography, image storage, workstations and
viewing terminals, laser printers, digital voice dictation and speech
recognition systems, and image networks and management systems, as
well as budgets for PACS technology and site characteristics.
Site-specific data is available in digital format for 2,084 sites, as
well as IMV's Market Summary Reports and Modality Benchmark Reports.
See the PACS Table of Contents of the Market Summary Report for an
outline of the survey's scope.
http://www.imvlimited.com/mid/pdf/PACS%2001%20TOC.pdf
***** This 168 page report costs $9800.
---------------

http://www.imagingeconomics.com/library/200306-05.asp
Decisions in Imaging Economics – June 2003
RIS/PACS Considered
As the radiology industry undergoes consolidation and convergence,
many vendors are now promoting integrated radiology information
system/picture archiving and communications system (RIS/PACS)
solutions as being the next generation of radiology information and
image management solutions. Because there is not a great deal of
clarity about what an integrated solution is and how it is different
from the current approach, the purpose of this article is to offer a
description of what an integrated solution encompasses and what value
is derived from deploying one. …
SUMMARY
The value of the integrated RIS/PACS is to provide a single database
that manages the image and information work flow of a radiology
department. In addition to acquiring, storing, and displaying
radiology text-based and image information, the integrated RIS/PACS
solution creates worklists, tracks events and updates the status of
the orders, maintains awareness of all of the analog and digital
information, eliminates paper-based information, and manages all of
the clinical and business processes. …  The reality is that many
prospective PACS buyers barely have enough money to finance a PACS
purchase. Many of these buyers already have a RIS in place and may not
wish to purchase a new RIS and endure the lengthy RIS installation
process. So, while the value of integration is high, the acquisition
costs and potentially disruptive organizational impact of a complex
and lengthy implementation must be evaluated.
***** This is a long article that presents a comprehensive explanation
of the issues involved in the integration of all computer and
information systems in a radiology department.
--------------------

http://www2.dimag.com/pacsweb/news/?id=4541
Diagnostic Imaging -- PACSweb
Aug 25, 2003 
Radiology teeters on the brink of integrated healthcare 
No radiology department is an island. So it's time to bid farewell to
point-to-point teleradiology systems and self-contained filmless
imaging departments.

The future of digital imaging rests with seamless information transfer
between different hospital departments, external healthcare providers,
and remote workers, according to speakers at last week's meeting of
the International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology. Leading
academics and top industry representatives, gathered at the three-day
"hot house" meeting in Paris, outlined a vision for 21st century
radiology services built on enterprise-wide networks, smart data
extraction systems, and mobile technology.
-------------------

http://www.imagingeconomics.com/library/200306-18.asp
Decisions in Imaging Economics – June 2003
Medical University of South Carolina: From PACS to EMR
A PACS upgrade enabled the team at MUSC to integrate images into the
elcetronic medical record.
***** This article reviews the implementation of a PACS and the
hospital’s clinical information system and concludes that it was
enthusiastically received by the users.
----------------------

http://www.healthcare-informatics.com/issues/2003/05_03/casereport2.htm
May 2003 - Healthcare Informatics
Integrating PACS Into the EMR
Eliminating the wait on radiology images proves a boon to docs in St.
Cloud, Minn.
---------------------

http://www2.dimag.com/pacsweb/features/?id=4529
Aug 20, 2003 
International Outlook
What issues must be addressed before mammography can be linked to
PACS?
Moving mammography to a PACS is not a simple task and vendors may not
have all of the answers for you. PACS experts relate their
experiences, along with tips and advice, on making the transition.


==============================
TELERADIOLOGY AND TELEMEDICINE
==============================

http://www.healthcare-informatics.com/issues/2000/08_00/trends.htm
August 2000 - Healthcare Informatics 
Got Images? The Skinny on Teleradiology
Teleradiology works. It moves electronic images rather than people and
brings radiologic expertise within a virtual arm's reach. So why
aren't more facilities doing it? Because it's more complicated than it
sounds.
The first hurdle is choosing the business model. Radiology
interpretation services are out there--from independent radiology
groups to those at major academic medical centers. Most offer
interpretations on a pay-per-study basis. Most limit their business to
a few states, for licensure reasons (see "Dealing with the issues,"
page 17). Some services provide teleradiology interpretations for
overseas facilities but not within the United States.
Or you can build a teleradiology network yourself, becoming a reader
service for others.  …
Dealing with the issues
As every niche industry races to the Web, teleradiology seems like a
dot-com waiting to happen. The technology already exists to make
diagnostic radiology services available to anyone, anytime. But the
outsourcing model, so popular in other areas of healthcare IT, has its
own medical barriers, including legal ones.
Radiology is a medical practice, and the American College of
Radiology's latest guidelines state that primary-read teleradiologists
must be licensed in their own practicing state and in the state from
which the image comes. Those licenses must be maintained, including
state fees and continuing medical education requirements.
***** This is an excellent article highlighting the practical issues
involved in implementing teleradiology from a business, technical and
legal perspective.
-------------------

http://www.imagingeconomics.com/library/200308-02.asp
Decisions in Imaging Economics – August 2003
The Changing Face of 24/7 Radiology
As imaging takes on an expanding role in the diagnostic process, the
demand for after- hours coverage has mushroomed: Though done after
dark, the night reading business appears to have a sunny future.
Emergency department (ED) physicians still read most plain film taken
at night. They know how to spot fractures and other aberrations that
show up on the grayscale. When it comes to CT scans, MRI, ultrasound,
and nuclear medicine procedures that depict intricate structures,
radiologists are expected to do the reading. With the proliferation of
CT scans in emergency cases in particular, the demand for radiologists
to read 24/7 has taken off, and even clinicians at small hospitals are
demanding interpretations at night.
Nighttime reading services, whether organized in-house, regionally, or
with radiologists based abroad, are riding to the rescue at just the
right time to solve radiologists' quality of life complaints. But the
nighthawks are doing more than that. They are reconfiguring the
radiology landscape in ways that go beyond image interpretation. They
may be changing radiologist recruitment patterns and shifting cost
burdens in ways that the hospitals had not encountered before. To the
extent that radiological images are a transportable commodity that can
be interpreted via web flows, the nighthawk services are pushing the
envelope there too, perhaps preparing clinicians for the day when even
daytime image interpretations will be marketed transcontinentally and
transnationally.
***** This is a long article that considers the impact of the
availability of teleradiology services around the clock because of the
emergence of the web.
------------------------

http://tie.telemed.org/citations2.asp?citation=12486&key=1947157327&page=1&pagecount=1
Legal issues in teleradiology: Distant thoughts! [2002]
In: British Journal of Radiology Mar 75(891): 201-6.
Abstract: Advancements in computer technology and telecommunications
have meant that all diagnostic images can now be acquired as digital
signals, however the ethicolegal concepts surrounding this innovation
remain unclear. In the UK there are limited practice guidelines on
legal issues relating specifically to telemedicine or teleradiology.
It is not yet clear whether the current law relates to telemedicine in
the same way that it does for other medical specialties, or whether
telemedicine raises new legal issues that need clarification. This
article attempts to outline some of the potential legal issues, but
the absence of case law and legislation in this area will ensure that
many questions remain unanswered.
-----------------------

http://www.radiology.uiowa.edu/MoreRAD/Teleradiology/Tele.html
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics: Department of Radiology:
An Introduction to Teleradiology
The purpose of this booklet is to provide an entry level introduction
to teleradiology for individuals with limited knowledge of this
technology. This document includes teleradiology, a definition of
components and connection configurations, uses, important equipment
specifications, and costs. Specific product comparisons among
commercially available teleradiology systems are beyond the scope of
this booklet.
Definition of Teleradiology
Teleradiology is a means of electronically transmitting radiographic
patient images and consultative text from one location to another.
***** This is a good basic overview of teleradiology.
--------------------

http://www.sybermedica.com/2003/rads/
Sybermedica e-referral systems 
TeleRadiology Application
Although digital (film-less) imaging is rapidly becoming the mainstay
of the modern hospital x-ray department, most digital systems are left
wanting when it comes to ensuring that images follow the patient
'journey', especially where this involves community-based or
multi-hospital care. The system is designed specifically to overcome
this problem
***** This is an interesting application of teleradiology.
-------------------------

http://tie.telemed.org/
Welcome to the Telemedicine Information Exchange! You'll find the TIE
to be a comprehensive, international, quality-filtered resource for
information about telemedicine, telehealth, and
telemedicine/telehealth related activities.
***** This is an outstanding resource for conducting further research
on teleradiology. Doing a basic search of the Telemedicine
Bibliographic Database for “teleradiology” resulted in 882 hits. Using
advanced search to limit the results to the last two years showed 80
items. The bibliographic results give the citation for the source and
an abstract. Some materials are available for delivery from the TIE.
The cost depends on the method of delivery.


=======================================
DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY AND MAMMOGRAPHY CAD 
=======================================

http://www.mindbranch.com/catalog/product.jsp?display=toc&code=R1-2407&bundle=&partner=0
U.S. Computer Aided Detection (CAD) Markets - An Analysis of an
Emerging Market
Market Report -- June 2003
Frost & Sullivan
 Online Access (Regional License) $2950
Favorable Reimbursement Rates Prompt Faster Adoption of Computer Aided
Detection (CAD) Systems

Increases in reimbursement rates for mammography CAD screening - by 18
percent and 8 percent for 2002 and 2003 - are propelling the growth of
CAD markets in the United States. Sales skyrocketed in 2002 with many
imaging clinics purchasing CAD systems due to their economic and
clinical benefits. The increase in reimbursement, $19.13 per procedure
in 2003, could not have come at a better time as vendors aim to
increase their market presence. Many innovative solutions, pending the
approval of the Food and Drug Administration, are expected to enter
this emerging market in the next 12 to 24 months, which will further
increase the potential for revenue growth.
-------------------------

http://www.auntminnie.com/default.asp?Sec=sup&Sub=wom&Pag=dis&ItemId=58695
Reimbursement gains, competition prime CAD market
7/15/03
The U.S. computer-aided detection (CAD) market more than doubled in
2002, turning in $65.2 million in revenues, according to market
research firm Frost & Sullivan. The San Jose, CA-based firm projects
the market to reach $100.7 million by 2006, with a compounded annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 11.5%.
***** This is an excellent article that reviews the latest
developments and makes projections for the growth of this market.
Market drivers and key players are discussed.
------------------------

http://www.imagingeconomics.com/library/200205-04.asp
Decisions in Imaging Economics – May 2002
Transitioning to Digital Mammography
As more systems clear the hurdles at the Food and Drug Administration,
researchers at the national and university level are exploring the
clinical and practical implications of full-field digital mammography.
Two years after the first full-field digital mammography (FFDM) system
received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval, research
inquiring into both the clinical and practical implications of this
new technology is beginning to mount. …
On the Horizon
With the clinical implementation of FFDM, many exciting developments
within digital mammography lie just beyond the horizon, experts say.
"Expect computer-aided detection (CAD) systems, tomography and
tomosynthesis, 3D reconstruction of the breast, contrast subtraction
mammography, and other similar advanced applications that are possible
only after mammography is digital," says Pisano.
The future of digital mammography may be predicted, according to one
vendor, by comparing it to digital photographic technology. Just a few
years ago, three or four megapixel digital cameras cost more than
$10,000; a camera now can be purchased for $800. What was seen with
digital photography will most likely happen in mammography.
-----------------------

http://www.imagingeconomics.com/library/200203-04.asp 
Decisions in Imaging Economics – March 2002
CAD: Coming in for a Close Up
Recent research indicates that computer-aided detection can improve
the accuracy of radiologists who read mammograms.
Computer-aided detection (CAD) has made its breakthrough in
mammography. That is the conclusion from several recent publications
and presentations on trials covering thousands of women. Whether the
economics permit its wide use is, as always, another question.
----------------------------

http://www.bluecares.com/tec/vol17/17_17.html
Blue Cross, Blue Shield Association– Technology Evaluation Center
Assessment Program
Volume 17, No. 17
December 2002
Executive Summary 
The objective of this Assessment is to evaluate the clinical
effectiveness of using computer-aided detection (CAD) as an adjunct to
mammography. Mammography is used for breast cancer screening and
diagnosis to detect and characterize breast masses and calcifications
that may be malignant. Conventional mammography uses film-screen
technology and achieves approximately 85% sensitivity in detecting
cancer though results are operator-dependent and may vary with reader
expertise. There is considerable interest in finding techniques to
improve sensitivity and reduce variability among readers. …

Based on the available evidence, the Blue Cross and Blue Shield
Association Medical Advisory Panel made the following judgments about
whether the use of computer-assisted detection (CAD) devices after
initial radiographic interpretation as a quality adjunct to
single-reader mammography meets the Blue Cross and Blue Shield
Association Technology Evaluation Center (TEC) criteria.
1. The technology must have final approval from the appropriate
governmental regulatory bodies.
2. The scientific evidence must permit conclusions concerning the
effect of the technology on health outcomes.
3. The technology must improve the net health outcome; and
4. The technology must be as beneficial as any established
alternatives.
5. The improvement must be attainable outside the investigational
settings.
http://www.bluecares.com/tec/vol17/17_17.pdf
Full Study – 36 pages
----------------------------

http://imaginis.com/about/
The goal of Imaginis.com is to provide women and their physicians with
the most comprehensive and relevant information on breast health and
related women's health issues.

http://imaginis.com/breasthealth/cad.asp
New Technologies to Help Improve Mammography
Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) Technology for Mammography 
Mammography Digital Film Viewer 
Computer-aided detection (CAD) technology is a recent advance in the
field of breast imaging. The CAD technology basically works like a
second pair of eyes, reviewing a patient's mammogram film after the
radiologist has already made an initial interpretation. If the
computer software detects any breast abnormalities or "regions of
interest" on the mammogram film, it marks them. The radiologist can
then go back and review the mammogram film again to determine whether
the marked areas are suspicious and require further examination (with
additional imaging tests or biopsy). With the CAD technology, the
radiologist still makes the final interpretation of the mammogram.
Based on clinical studies of the CAD technology, researchers estimate
that for every 100,000 breast cancers currently detected with
screening mammograms, the CAD technology could result in the detection
of an additional 20,500 breast cancers.
***** This is an excellent article reviewing this new technology and
it also provides related links for further exploration.
----------------------

http://www.cmp.uea.ac.uk/mammores/cad.htm
Advances in Mammography and Breast Imaging
What is CAD?
Computer-aided detection (CAD) is a recent advance in mammography
which helps to identify abnormalities within the breast. CAD
technology works by reviewing digitised mammograms and marking areas
of suspected abnormalities. The radiologist then reviews whether the
marked areas are suspicious and require additional imaging tests or
biopsy. When using a CAD system the radiologist always makes the final
interpretation of the mammogram.
***** This web site provides an excellent brief overview of recent
developments in mammography.
-------------------------

http://www.hersource.com/breast/02/a-mammo.cfm
Digital Mammography
The fight against breast cancer has a new weapon in its arsenal and it
is digital mammograms.
How are digital mammograms different than a standard mammogram? With
digital mammography once the pictures or images have been taken they
can be electronically manipulated - the physician can zoom in,
magnify, and optimize different parts of breast tissue without having
to take an additional image.
***** This page gives an overview of this new technology from the
consumer/patient perspective.
----------------------

http://www3.cancer.gov/initiatives/devtest.html
National Cancer Institute -- Cancer Imaging
Development and Testing of Digital Mammography Displays and
Workstations
Scientific Rationale 
Digital mammography is currently considered one of the most promising
research areas for improved detection of early breast cancer in
large-scale screening programs. The current softcopy (i.e., video)
display systems remain an obstacle to the clinical acceptance and
implementation of digital mammography. Extensive effort is required
for the successful development, testing, and implementation of digital
mammography displays and workstation design for image interpretation.
Since mammography demands greater spatial and contrast resolution than
any other clinical area of radiology, it is likely that results
obtained from research targeted toward meeting the needs of
mammography will have beneficial effects on other areas of clinical
imaging.
--------------------------

http://www.cancer.gov/dmist/
National Cancer Institute
Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial
The Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST), involving
49,500 women in the United States and Canada, will compare digital
mammography to standard film mammography to determine how this new
technique compares to the traditional method of screening for breast
cancer .
-------------------------

http://www.the-infoshop.com/study/tv13730_mammography_toc.html
World Mammography Markets 
Pub Time: 2003/05
Published by : Theta Reports (PJB Medical Publications, Inc.)
Price: US $ 2195
The total world market for mammography, both film-based and digital,
is projected to grow from an estimated $529 million in 2002 to more
than $1.1 billion in 2007.
This comprehensive report analyzes the specific segments of the global
mammography instrumentation market. Covering the segments that are
highly active in terms of innovation and growth, Theta' s report
examines the markets for film-based and digital mammography technology
platforms, as well as accessory equipment used to detect, capture,
analyze, and send digital X-ray images.


====================================
MARKET RESEARCH AND BUSINESS REPORTS
====================================

http://www.superiorconsultant.com/Pressroom/Articles/RadiologyAcronyms.asp
RIS, PACS and SR:
Reprinted with permission from RBMA Bulletin October 2001
Imaging facilities are waging war over market share using such
sophisticated tools as radiology information systems (RIS), picture
archival communication systems (PACS) and speech recognition
dictation/transcription systems (SR) to gain a competitive edge.
***** This article presents a good overview of the general issues
involved with the emerging trends in radiology.
-----------------------

http://www.the-infoshop.com/study/go12352_pacs_toc.html
PACS & TELERADIOLOGY SYSTEMS 
Published by : Global Industry Analysts, Inc. -- Pub Time: 2002/09
US $ 3950
FACTS AT A GLANCE
Most comprehensive report covering worldwide markets 
Data-intensive research - An imperative for the serious player! 
Designed to empower the quality conscious executive 
Presented in crisp easy-to-use tables, charts, and text formats 
126 Companies profiled - Covering Key & Niche Players worldwide 
324 Exhibits - Market Data, Tables, Shares, Analyses, Trends, etc. 
1,121 Pages of original research content encompassing all facets 
3,500+ employee hours of research and analyses 
Research assisted and subscribed by many key players worldwide! 
-------------------------

http://www.auntminnie.com/default.asp?Sec=sup&Sub=bai&Pag=dis&ItemId=50875
U.S. PACS, teleradiology markets may top $1 billion by 2007
5/29/01
PACS and teleradiology markets in the U.S. generated $421 million in
2000, and are poised to reach the $1 billion mark in 2007, according
to a report from San Jose, CA-based healthcare analysts Frost &
Sullivan. The report notes that teleradiology market share is
diminishing in the wake of PACS development. This may be due to many
vendors bundling Web-based remote clinical viewing systems into a PACS
purchase, F&S said.
The cost of purchasing and implementing PACS technologies in hospitals
is still quite high, according to the analysts. However, this presents
vendors with opportunities to market financing options to customers as
well as traditional integration services.
---------------------------

http://www.hbs-consulting.com/mainsite/report_pacs.asp
http://www.hbs-consulting.com/mainsite/report_pacstocprint.asp
http://www.mindbranch.com/catalog/product.jsp?code=R503-0002
http://www.the-infoshop.com/study/hbs13087_pacs_toc.html
North American & European Picture Archiving and Communication Systems
Market (PACS) –
Market Overview 
The Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS) market has yet
to make as significant an inroad into Europe revenue-wise, as compared
to the development of the market in North America, where the increased
prevalence of film-less hospitals demonstrates the success of PACS
solutions. As in most of the IT healthcare markets there is a lack of
funding available for PACS, even in North America where hospitals
operate on a private basis and more like a business in comparison with
their European counterparts. North America is certainly leading the
way and therefore some of the trends experienced here will be
reciprocated in Europe. Despite the fact that PACS will operate in the
same way wherever it is deployed we will discuss the North America and
European regions as two separate markets. The market participants,
domestic issues and econometrics of healthcare provision are very
different for each continent and this will become apparent throughout
the report.
Price: 2500 euros
HBS Consulting GmbH, 
Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany
112 pages
January 2002
------------------------

http://www.concordcg.com/pacs01.htm
PACS OPPORTUNITIES: 2000-2010
Medical Image Management and the Internet
September 2001
The Concord Consulting Group has completed the forth of a series of
comprehensive, multi sponsor studies of PACS (Picture Archiving and
Communicating Systems) The scope of the report is shown in the
following Summary, Table of Contents , List of Exhibits, and the List
of Vendors Profiled.
Report on Current PACS Study (as of 3/01/02)      $  5,900
LIST OF VENDORS PROFILED
Full Scale PACS
Mini-PACS
Image Archiving and Distribution System
Networks
Teleradiology
Direct Radiography
Information Systems
PACS Components
Imaging Equipment, but No PACS
Other PACS-related Products
-------------------------

http://www.nwfusion.com/research/reports/IDC29345.html
http://www.bizintelagents.com/reports/id14015_us_pacs_toc.html
TITLE:	U.S. Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS)
Forecast, 2003-2007: How Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Delivers Better
Patient Care with PACS
LENGTH:	12Page(s)
TYPE:	Study - Market Analysis
AUTHOR:	Jocelyn Young
PUBLISHED:	05/15/2003
PRICE:	$3500.00	
ABSTRACT:	This IDC study presents a case study of a picture archiving
and communications system (PACS) end user in the healthcare provider
industry and presents a 2003 through 2007 market forecast for the U.S.
PACS market. This study answers the following questions: y What were
the challenges that Cedars-Sinai Medical Center faced that lead it to
implement PACS, and what benefits has it experienced from this
implementation? y What is the market outlook for PACS adoption in the
United States through 2007? y What are the key trends and drivers of
growth impacting PACS adoption? "Although PACS adoption has been on
the rise in the healthcare provider industry since the mid- to
late-1990s, PACS is continuing to evolve as a "must-have" for
healthcare providers. Understanding how one major healthcare provider,
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, implemented PACS can help other providers
and vendors navigate the challenges and understand what role IT is
increasingly playing in the PACS market." — Jocelyn Young, IDC program
manager, U.S. IT Opportunity: Healthcare
--------------------------

http://www.imagingeconomics.com/search/default.asp?qu=PACS&mode=ANY
Decisions in Imaging Economics – The Journal of Imaging Technology
Management
***** This is an excellent source for detailed articles about the
technologies you’re investigating. A search for PACS came up with 279
hits. Teleradiology yielded 67 results and mammography CAD over 200.
---------------------------

http://www.healthcare-informatics.com/issues/2003/05_03/stumpf.htm
May 2003 - Healthcare Informatics
Telemedicine Awaits 
Reimbursement will mean big change and real money. 
Despite the demands of the Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act and the availability of advanced technology, the
marriage between telemedicine and reimbursement has yet to occur.
Physicians are ready to deploy online wireless tools that can access
clinical information to help them make better decisions. Small
hospitals and medium-size clinics are ready to implement online
billing that extrapolates outcomes data for quality assurance
research. But who will pay for all this? If organizations cannot bill
for telemedicine, particularly store-and-forward reimbursement, how
will this union ever take place? …
Resistance to change 
Certainly, telemedicine will bring a sea change to distribution of
work in medical disciplines--and that usually signals a storm. Family
physicians moved onto obstetric turf when they began billing for
ultrasound procedures. And although the picture archiving and
communications system (PACS) is the dominion of radiology,
orthopedists could well switch from light boxes to PACS without
encountering any billing issues.
***** The main issues in this article are illustrated by the situation
involved with using telemedicine for screening for diabetic
retinopathy (DR).
-----------------------

http://www.mindbranch.com/
MindBranch provides industry and investment research from 350
independent research firms covering 130 sectors. You can browse or
search the catalog.
http://www.healthcare-information.com/md-teco1.html
http://www.healthcare-information.com/md-teco2.html
**** Browse through this large selection of
Telemedicine/Communications research reports to continue your research
on radiology topics.


============================================
RADIOLOGY RESEARCH AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
============================================

http://www.acadrad.org/
Academy of Radiology Research
The mission of the Academy is identification of sources of support for
radiology research and the use of that research to improve the
knowledge base, educational programs, and patient care activities of
radiology. Specific aims include increasing government and private
support for radiology research; assuring the long-term security of the
intramural radiology research program at NIH; establishing a National
Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Engineering at NIH; advising the
federal government on radiology research priorities; enhancing
training opportunities for radiology investigators; integrating
federal and university research programs; encouraging investigation of
health outcomes of radiology services; and emphasizing the importance
of radiology research.
----------------------

http://www.cc.nih.gov/ldrr/mission.html
The major purpose of the Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research
is to serve as a focal point and training program promoting basic
research in medical imaging and related fields. The main objective of
LDRR is to establish a training program for US or permanent resident
Radiologist and Nuclear Medicine MDs and PhDs designed to teach
techniques and skills used to perform "Imaging Research" not readily
available at academic institutions.
---------------------------

http://www.imac.georgetown.edu/ 
Imaging Science and Information Systems (ISIS) Center, Department of
Radiology, Georgetown University Medical Center
--------------------------

http://www.cc.nih.gov/imaging/
National Institutes of Health –Imaging Sciences Program
--------------------------

http://www.academicradiology.com/
Academic Radiology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of diagnostic
radiology and radiological sciences.


========================================================
RADIOLOGY RESOURCES: PORTALS, DIRECTORIES, PUBILICATIONS
========================================================

http://www.auntminnie.com/index.asp?Sec=abt
AuntMinnie provides a forum for radiologists, business managers,
technologists, members of organized medicine, and industry to meet,
transact, research, and collaborate on topics within the field of
radiology with the ease and speed that only the Internet can provide.
AuntMinnie features the latest news and information about medical
imaging.
--------------------------

http://www.charm.net/~efinegan/pacspage.htm
PACSpage: PACS / Telemedicine Resource page...
***** Eric John Finegan offers a large collection of resources for
PACS / DICOM / Teleradiology and Telemedicine. Some sections are out
of date but others are still useful. See especially the Societies and
Conferences sections for finding organizations and events related to
your areas of interest,
http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/
--------------------------

http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/
This is a major portal for all aspects of diagnostic imaging. 
http://www2.dimag.com/pacsweb/mission/
It is the aim of PACSweb to be the single most comprehensive and
timely radiology-related PACS learning resource on the Internet.
Through presentations by leading experts in the field and through
enterprise reporting, PACSweb will expose site visitors to the latest
trends and issues in the administration, operation, and financing of
PACS. Through the interactivity of the Internet, PACSweb will give
site visitors an opportunity to pose questions to experts and to
exchange viewpoints.
--------------------------

http://www.scarnet.org/
Society for Computer Applications in Radiology
The Society for Computer Applications in Radiology (SCAR) is devoted
to advance computer applications and information technology in medical
imaging through education and research. A fundamental role of SCAR is
to bridge the gap between engineers and scientists who develop the
systems and radiologists and technologists who use them. SCAR
***** This is a major portal site offering a wide variety of
resources.

http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/scarcast2003/
http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/scarconferencerep2003/
SCAR 2003 Annual Meeting 
***** Selection of reports from this year’s conference.
---------------------------

http://www.rsna.org/
Radiological Society of North America, Inc.
The mission of the Radiological Society of North America is to promote
and develop the highest standards of radiology and related sciences
through education and research. The Society seeks to provide
radiologists and allied health scientists with educational programs
and materials of the highest quality, and to constantly improve the
content and value of these educational activities. The Society seeks
to promote research in all aspects of radiology and related sciences,
including basic clinical research in the promotion of quality
healthcare. The Society seeks to foster closer fellowship among all
radiologists and greater cooperation among radiologists and members of
other branches of medicine and allied healthcare professionals.
***** This is a major portal site serving all aspects of radiology.

http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/webcast02/
RSNA 2002 Reports
***** Selection of news and presentations from the biggest yearly
radiology conference. This year’s conference will be held November 30
– December 5, 2003 at McCormick Place, Chicago
http://www.healthcare-informatics.com/issues/2003/02_03/trends.htm
REPORT FROM RSNA 2002
Emerging picture shows technical integration and business
consolidation
The largest diagnostic imaging equipment/PACS vendors are expressing
confidence as their companies continue their expansion strategies.
Executives at Milwaukee-based GE Medical Systems Information
Technologies; Andover, Mass.-based Philips Medical Systems; and
Siemens are all saying publicly that they believe their trio of firms
will dominate the field in the next few years as they move quickly to
acquire a range of companies with diagnostic and IT capabilities.
---------------------------

http://everest.radiology.uiowa.edu/image.html
Other Imaging Sites on the WWW

===============================================
COMPANY PAGES (YOUR LIST FROM OTHER QUESTION): 
GE MEDICAL, PHILIPS, AGFA, SIEMENS, FUJI
================================================

http://www.gemedicalsystems.com/
http://www.gemedicalsystems.com/inen/it_solutions/rad_pacs/
GE Medical Systems

http://www.agfa.com/healthcare/
http://www.agfa.com/about/structure/healthcare/
AGFA Healthcare

http://www.medical.philips.com/main/company/aboutus/facts/
PHILIPS MEDICAL SYSTEMS

http://www.siemensmedical.com
Siemens Medical Solutions

http://www.fujimed.com/
FUJIFILM Medical Systems USA, Inc.

===============
SEARCH STRATEGY
===============

PACS radiology industry
PACS market
PACS market trends
teleradiology
teleradiology market
teleradiology market trends
radiology research
radiology research imaging
victorchua-ga rated this answer:5 out of 5 stars and gave an additional tip of: $50.00
The best answer I've every had.  Exactly what I wanted.
I look forward to working with you in the future.
Well done.

Comments  
Subject: Re: PACS and teleradiology - researcher needs a biology/medical background
From: czh-ga on 05 Sep 2003 11:31 PDT
 
Victor,

I'm glad that the research was what you needed. Thank you very much
for the generous tip and five stars. I'd be delighted to work on your
future projects.

czh

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