1. how the strength of a weak acetic acid can be increased and what
can it be used for in its stronger form?
2. what causes boiling points of similar weights of amines, carboxylic
acids and aldehydes to be different? can you explain this effect?

1. Since the boiling point of acetic acid is higher than that of
water, weak acetic acid can be concentrated by distillation (mixture
boils, acetic acid condenses, water stays gaseous).  You can also make
pure (glacial) acetic acid from a weak solution by first reacting the
acetic acid with sodium hydroxide and baking soda to crystallize
sodium acetate, and then reacting the sodium acetate with sulfuric
acid to yield glacial acetic acid.

2. Boiling points are largely determined by intermolecular (hydrogen
bonding and hydrophobic/hydrophilic) interactions.  These three
functional groups all contain an electron donor (oxygen or nitrogen)
with a different willingness to share its electrons and thus a
different capacity to hold on to other molecules.  The tighter these
interactions are, the higher the boiling point will be.

My hand book shows that acetic acid boils at 117.8 degrees c, so
partial separation from water by distalation is likely practical,
especially at partial vacuum. Silica gel could likely remove some of
the water, with only slight contamination as an alternative. Sorry I
can't help with the rest of your question. I suggest you cancel and
ask again in fewer parts or as separate questions. Many of the
researchers rarely look at questions more than two days old.   Neil